Dissertation•
Modélisation du problème informationnel du veilleur dans la démarche d'Intelligence Économique
05 Nov 2007-
TL;DR: In this paper, a demarche collaborative de comprehension and resolution of problemes decisionnels and informationnels is presented, and notre reflexion se portera sur la modelisation des activites de recherche d'information engendrees par la demande and plus particulierement sur la deuxieme etape de cette demarce : the traduction du probleme decisionnel en probleme informationnel.
Abstract: Qu'est-ce qu'un probleme informationnel ? Comment et par qui est-il defini ? Celui-ci n'existerait jamais seul... Il s'enchâsserait dans une dynamique decisionnelle a laquelle il emprunterait une histoire, une culture et une memoire. Ainsi, pour etre en mesure de le cerner, il faudrait alors se referer a son origine, c'est-a-dire au probleme decisionnel, dont il ne serait qu'une traduction partielle, et a son geniteur, le decideur, qui est aussi son interprete. Dans le contexte de cette etude, nous porterons notre attention sur l'intelligence economique que nous definirons comme etant une demarche collaborative de comprehension et de resolution de problemes decisionnels et informationnels. Tout en considerant cette demarche, a la fois sur ses aspects informationnels et mediationnels, nous circonscrirons l'intelligence economique a travers une methodologie collective de resolution, composee de huit etapes s'etendant de l'identification d'un probleme decisionnel a la prise de decision. Nous verrons que cette demarche s'appuie, au niveau de l'entreprise, sur une harmonisation de processus et de mediations, structuree autour de deux acteurs et d'une composante : le decideur, le veilleur et l'information. Cette representation triangulaire des differentes relations entre acteurs et composante, prises deux a deux, constituera l'originalite de notre approche. En nous placant du point de vue du veilleur, acteur pivot de ce trinome decisionnel, notre reflexion se portera sur la modelisation des activites de recherche d'information engendrees par la demande et plus particulierement sur la deuxieme etape de cette demarche : la traduction du probleme decisionnel en probleme informationnel. Cette these a ete structuree de maniere a presenter la dualite de ces relations entre ces trois protagonistes. Dans ce contexte decisio-informationnel, cette problematique de traduction serait alors bien plus qu'un rapport de langue a langue : elle serait une concordance de probleme a probleme. Elle demanderait de creer une congruence entre les systemes de preferences et de pertinence de nos deux acteurs, l'interpretation de la demande informationnelle se devant etre dans cette situation, affaire de consensus et de compromis. Pour ce faire, le veilleur aura pour tâche de representer le plus fidelement possible les relations entre les donnees de l'environnement et les enjeux du probleme decisionnel afin de les traduire en indicateurs informationnels, c'est-a-dire de trouver une illustration adaptee permettant de les rendre sensibles au cœur et familiers a la raison du decideur. Ainsi, pour repondre dans les meilleures conditions de delais, qualite et couts a cette demande, nous prendrons pour hypothese qu'il faut agir sur trois processus a travers les info-, inter- et cogito- mediations des relations entre le decideur, le veilleur et l'information. Notre etat de la litterature presentera tout au long des quatre premiers chapitres les processus decider, rechercher et cooperer que nous projetterons dans chacun des espaces des problemes decisionnel et informationnel. Nous etayerons chacun de ces chapitres de propositions, tantot pour caracteriser les processus, les mediations, les acteurs et composantes, tantot pour definir des protocoles pour asseoir la collaboration des acteurs ou pour la reutilisation des informations et des connaissances. Les deux derniers chapitres seront, quant a eux, consacres a la description du modele WISP et du prototype METIORE qui l'instancie. Ils constitueront, avec les propositions des precedents chapitres, l'apport de nos travaux dans les domaines de la recherche d'information et de l'intelligence economique. Ils ont ete concus tout deux pour servir d'appui cognitif pour la resolution du probleme informationnel du veilleur et pour etre une interface de communication entre ce dernier et le decideur afin de developper les echanges au sein de la collaboration de resolution de ce, ou de ces problemes...
Citations
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01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: This approach is essentially to facilitate the establishment of a watch system associated, which will define the definition of the watch needs from information collected and the structure and the evolution of intelligence projects in a systemic approach with processed information.
Abstract: As part of our research on watch actor modeling and the development of a generic watch system centered on the actor, we present in this paper a new semi-automatic integration approach to watch process with existing information retrieval system. This approach is essentially to facilitate the establishment of a watch system associated, which will, on the one hand, the definition of the watch needs from information collected and, on the other hand, the structure and the evolution of intelligence projects in a systemic approach with processed information. MOTS-CLES : systeme de veille, recherche d’information, gestion de la connaissance, integration, modelisation de l’acteur, clustering.
2 citations
Cites background from "Modélisation du problème informatio..."
...Jakobiak propose aussi une méthode collective pour l’innovation à travers sa théorie des ingrédients (Jakobiak, 2005)....
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...Nous finirons par une conclusion et la présentation de quelques perspectives....
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Posted Content•
TL;DR: La contribution de l'intelligence economique a l'exploitation des perceptions du changement dans l'orientation des decisions lors of the conception des TIC isabelle un fonctionnement peu adapte a leur exploitation.
Abstract: This paper considers economic intelligence contribution to exploit individual and collective images of change, in ICT design decision-making. Technical devices meeting with real use situations often gives the opportunity to emerge mental images, that a innovation process, through its unprecedented nature, can not anticipate. Although methodologies exists for quality and design project management, the survey we conduct among small ICT publishers, show how they are not very suitable for small firms. This elements taken into account, we try to build a proposition of exploration ? analyze ? sum up process, adapted to this type of actors decisional process.
1 citations
TL;DR: A CI approach was proposed where the rough set theory was used to generate rules in order to help decision makers make a decision in a complex and multi-criteria situation and under a context of uncertainty.
Abstract: Given the increasing complexity of the economic context, it is important for each company to master information and build a robust strategic planning process. Competitive Intelligence (CI) is important for companies to manage their information. CI identifies opportunities and determinants of success, anticipates threats and prevents risks. CI becomes an imperative for any company wishing to sustain its growth and innovation sustainably. In addition, decision-makers have a key role to play when making decisions, some of which can have a significant impact and therefore justify the effort to reflect and deliberate on possible options before making a decision. Strategic decisions can be defined as important and far-reaching decisions in terms of actions taken, resources committed, number of actors involved and impact on all future operations. Our answer to this challenge is an approach that uses Rough set theory. Our approach is designed to support decisionmaking and respects the characteristics of strategic decision support in complex, uncertain and evolving situations. Rough set theory can effectively process data and information in complex system. In this article, we propose a CI approach where we used the rough set theory to generate rules in order to help decision makers make a decision in a complex and multi-criteria situation and under a context of uncertainty. We applied our model on the choice of implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) within the company.
1 citations
Cites background from "Modélisation du problème informatio..."
...These developments, according to Kislin, "have favored the explosion of supply and mainly the demand for information, which is essential for all human activities, both for its adaptation to its environment and for decision-making"[1]....
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References
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Abstract: This article described three heuristics that are employed in making judgements under uncertainty: (i) representativeness, which is usually employed when people are asked to judge the probability that an object or event A belongs to class or process B; (ii) availability of instances or scenarios, which is often employed when people are asked to assess the frequency of a class or the plausibility of a particular development; and (iii) adjustment from an anchor, which is usually employed in numerical prediction when a relevant value is available. These heuristics are highly economical and usually effective, but they lead to systematic and predictable errors. A better understanding of these heuristics and of the biases to which they lead could improve judgements and decisions in situations of uncertainty.
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TL;DR: The INTERPRETATION OF CULTURES CLIFFORD GEERTZ Books files are available at the online library of the University of Southern California as mentioned in this paper, where they can be used to find any kind of Books for reading.
Abstract: THE INTERPRETATION OF CULTURES CLIFFORD GEERTZ PDF Are you searching for THE INTERPRETATION OF CULTURES CLIFFORD GEERTZ Books files? Now, you will be happy that at this time THE INTERPRETATION OF CULTURES CLIFFORD GEERTZ PDF is available at our online library. With our complete resources, you could find THE INTERPRETATION OF CULTURES CLIFFORD GEERTZ PDF or just found any kind of Books for your readings everyday.
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TL;DR: The psychological principles that govern the perception of decision problems and the evaluation of probabilities and outcomes produce predictable shifts of preference when the same problem is framed in different ways.
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