Modelling the complex modulus strain relationship of asphalt binders
TL;DR: In this paper, the amplitude sweep tests on 10 different asphalt binders using dynamic shear rheometer have been conducted from 30 to 70°C using a spindle geometry of 25mm diameter with 1mm gap setting.
Abstract: The authors present the results and analysis of amplitude sweep tests done on 10 different asphalt binders using dynamic shear rheometer. The test was done from 30 to 70°C using a spindle geometry of 25 mm diameter with 1 mm gap setting. Matching function concept coupled with a three stage optimization procedure has been used to propose a new model for evaluating the complex modulus of bitumen at any given temperature and strain level. The model has been validated and is found to be fairly accurate for different types of binders.
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TL;DR: Appropriate modeling creep and response of asphalt binders can save time, and resources and efforts required for multiple experimentations Creep compliance master-curves were obtained from short d as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Appropriate modeling creep and response of asphalt binders can save time, and resources and efforts required for multiple experimentations Creep compliance master-curves were obtained from short d
16 citations
Cites background from "Modelling the complex modulus strai..."
...However, modeling the rheological properties of pavement materials, specifically asphalt binders has been a challenge for many decades (Bari and Witczak 2007; Masad et al. 2001; Murali Krishnan and Rajagopal 2003; Singh, Saboo, and Kumar 2016)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a number of studies have examined all the aspects of polymer-modified binders (PMB), but there is still work needed to correlate the viscoelastic behaviour of the PMBs to their morphological behaviour.
Abstract: Asphalt binder is a complex viscoelastic material. It implies that based on temperature and loading, its behaviour changes from a viscous material to an elastic material. Modification and ageing further add to this complexity. Over the years, a number of studies have examined all the aspects of polymer-modified binders (PMB), but there is still work needed to correlate the viscoelastic behaviour of the PMBs to their morphological behaviour. So, in the present study PMBs are prepared by modifying VG-10 base binder with the help of styrene butadiene styrene and ethylene vinyl acetate. Binders were aged using rolling thin-film oven test and pressure ageing vessel. Viscoelastic and morphological evaluation of binders was carried out by using dynamic shear rheometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The test results showed that polymer modification enhances the thermorheological complexity of the base binders, while ageing does not affect it. Linear viscoelastic limits of the binders were found to be decreasing after ageing and modification. Ageing degrades the polymer network so after ageing PMBs were found to be behaving similar to base binder. The SEM results support these results.
12 citations
TL;DR: Using polymer modification and warm mix modification together can result in modified binders having superlative performance along with normal mixing and compaction temperature as discussed by the authors, which can be used to improve the performance of binders.
Abstract: Using polymer modification and warm mix modification together can result in modified binders having superlative performance along with normal mixing and compaction temperature. Over the decades, di...
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a methodology to obtain creep and recovery response of asphalt binders by using frequency sweep tests, which are relatively easier to conduct than those performed manually.
Abstract: This paper presents a methodology to obtain creep and recovery response of asphalt binders merely by using frequency sweep tests, which are relatively easier to conduct. This proposed metho...
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of aging (short term and long term) and modification (polymer and warm mix) on the performance of asphalt binders was examined and it was found that ageing improves the stress susceptibility of the asphalt binder with respect to rutting parameters.
Abstract: Rutting and fatigue are two major pavement distresses which affect both structural and functional performances of the flexible pavement. Linear amplitude sweep (LAS) and Multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) are two advanced methods to examine fatigue and rutting performance of asphalt binders respectively. The present study aims at examining the effect of ageing (short term and long term) and modification (polymer and warm mix) on the performance of asphalt binders. Both LAS and MSCR tests were conducted at different temperatures, stress/strain levels, and ageing conditions. Stress is a parameter that influences the performance of asphalt binder significantly so stress susceptibility was also evaluated for all the binders at different temperatures and ageing conditions. From the test results, it was found that ageing improves the stress susceptibility of the asphalt binders with respect to rutting parameters on the other hand ageing deteriorated the stress susceptibility concerning fatigue parameters. The applicability of different asphalt binders at different temperature and traffic conditions was also examined and it was found that most of the binders failed to fulfill the criteria at the temperatures which were well below their high-temperature performance grades. This highlighted the need to revise the Superpave criteria.
1 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, a laboratory study of modified bitumen containing styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers is presented.
295 citations
"Modelling the complex modulus strai..." refers methods in this paper
...Modified binders are more complex due to the presence of multiphase morphology, which imposes challenges in using the same binder characterization method as used for the unmodified bitumen (Sengoz and Isikyakar, 2008)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a 2S2P1D model was developed for the modeling of linear viscoelastic properties of both bituminous binders and mixes, which is a generalization of the Huet-Sayegh analogical model.
Abstract: A large experimental campaign on the characterization of the linear viscoelastic behaviour of different bituminous materials was carried out. The goal was to establish the links between the linear viscoelastic properties (which are observed in the small strain domain) of binders and those of bituminous mixes. The linear viscoelastic behaviour of bituminous binders and mixes was studied by performing complex modulus tests at different temperatures and frequencies. A unique rheological model (called “2S2P1D model”) was developed for the modelling of linear viscoelastic properties of both bituminous binders and mixes. This model consists of a generalization of the Huet-Sayegh analogical model. Analyses on test data for five binders and different mastic and mix composition, show that the introduced model fits quite well the measurements. Finally, from our first results, a transformation that is independent of the introduced model allows the mix complex modulus to be predicted easily and efficiently f...
272 citations
"Modelling the complex modulus strai..." refers background in this paper
...A plethora of research (Airey et al., 2003; Kim and Little, 2004; Benedetto et al., 2004) had been dedicated to predict the linear viscoelastic (LVE) characteristics of bitumen....
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01 Jan 1993
191 citations
"Modelling the complex modulus strai..." refers methods in this paper
...The following equations are suggested by Strategic Highway Research Program to find the LVE domain of asphalt binders (Anderson and Kennedy, 1993). γ = 12|G∗|0.29 (1) τ = 0.12|G∗|0.71 (2) where |G∗| is the magnitude of the complex modulus; and γ and τ are the linearity limits for strain and stress,…...
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TL;DR: In this article, an extensive literature review on the modelling of the linear viscoelastic (LVE) rheological properties of bitumen over the last six decades is presented.
186 citations
"Modelling the complex modulus strai..." refers background in this paper
...A detailed review of all themodels can be found in literature (Yusoff et al., 2011)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) is used to characterize linear viscoelastic properties of asphalt cements and asphalt mastic (asphalt cement with a filler that is smaller than 75 μm in size).
Abstract: The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) is used to characterize linear viscoelastic properties of asphalt cement and asphalt mastic (asphalt cement with a filler that is smaller than 75 μm in size). The study focuses on using micromechanical and rheology-based models to assess the effect of two fillers, limestone and hydrated lime, on the performance of the asphalt mastic. Two distinctly, compositionally different asphalt cements were selected to assess the filler effect. Micromechanical models were reviewed, and the most appropriate of these models were used to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of the asphalt mastic (composite). Since the micromechanical models are developed for elastic materials, it was necessary to use the elastic–viscoelastic correspondence principle in order to apply these models. The literature was also reviewed for the most appropriate rheology-based models to account for the effect of fillers in the mastic. The Nielsen model was selected since it employs two rheological parameters ...
181 citations
"Modelling the complex modulus strai..." refers background in this paper
...A plethora of research (Airey et al., 2003; Kim and Little, 2004; Benedetto et al., 2004) had been dedicated to predict the linear viscoelastic (LVE) characteristics of bitumen....
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