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Modern methods of plant analysis

About: The article was published on 1964-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1991 citations till now.

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Citations
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01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In vitro study demonstrated that folk medicine could be as effective as modern medicine to combat pathogenic microorganisms and aloe vera juice showed the inhibitory effect against all the microorganisms.
Abstract: Summary Antimicrobial activities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of aloe vera gel and aloe vera juice were evaluated against Escherichia coli (ATCC10418), Staphylococcus epidermididis (ATCC29213), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC29922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6571), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC6633), Enterocococci faecalis (ATCC29212), Proteus vulgaris (ATCC13315), Psedomonous aeruginosa (ATCC1062). Aloe vera juice showed the inhibitory effect against all the microorganisms. Aloe vera gel was only effective against S. aureus (10.54± 0.43 mm) respectively. MIC was determined only for the aloe vera juice and was found to be more active (89.9%) against Proteus vulgaris. This in vitro study demonstrated that folk medicine could be as effective as modern medicine to combat pathogenic microorganisms.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A high-concentration-ammonium sulfate-requiring, ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, strain K1, was newly isolated from packed tower biological deodorization plants of chicken farms, and Phosphoglycerate kinase and triosephosphate isomerase were found to possess high specific activities compared to the activities of these enzymes in strain ATCC 25978T.

17 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The plant natural product compounds were extricated with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, 95% ethanol and refined water for 48 hours offer assistance of cold permeation strategy and found distinctive sorts of auxiliary metabolites as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, lignins, sterols and tannins.
Abstract: The show paper appears the therapeutic significance of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The plant natural product compounds were extricated with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, 95% ethanol and refined water for 48 hours offer assistance of cold permeation strategy and found distinctive sorts of auxiliary metabolites as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, lignins, sterols and tannins were displayed.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
07 Dec 1968-Nature
TL;DR: Each component has a three-banded chlorophyll c spectrum which differs markedly in band ratios, with, however, only small differences in the position of the absorption maxima.
Abstract: ALTHOUGH chlorophyll c has been purified by several different methods1–3, its reported spectral properties vary widely. The ratios of Soret (450 nm) to red (630 nm) bands of chlorophyll c in diethyl ether have been given as 7.0 (ref. 4), 8.9 (ref. 2), 11.4 (ref. 1), 11.5 (ref. 3) and 12.5 (ref. 5). Some of these differences in band ratios can now be explained by the finding of two spectrally distinct components in preparations of chlorophyll c. In addition, different marine algae contain different proportions of the two components. Each component has a three-banded chlorophyll c spectrum which differs markedly in band ratios, with, however, only small differences in the position of the absorption maxima. Separation of the two components was achieved on thin layers of a special polyethylene powder (Dow Chemical Co., melt index <2, particle size about 1 micron).

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 May 2020
TL;DR: A new procedure, utilizing aq.
Abstract: Rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) is a structurally complex pectic polysaccharide that exists as a borate ester cross-linked dimer in the cell walls of all vascular plants. The glycosyl sequence of RG-II is largely conserved, but there is evidence that galacturonic acid (GalA) methyl etherification and glucuronic acid (GlcA) methyl esterification vary in the A sidechain across plant species. Methyl esterification of the galacturonan backbone has also been reported but not confirmed. Here we describe a new procedure, utilizing aq. sodium borodeuteride (NaBD4)-reduced RG-II, to identify the methyl esterification status of backbone GalAs. Our data suggest that up to two different GalAs are esterified in the RG-II backbone. We also adapted a procedure based on methanolysis and NaBD4 reduction to identify 3-, 4-, and 3,4-O-methyl GalA in RG-II. These data, together with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) MS analysis of sidechain A generated from selected RG-IIs and their NaBD4-reduced counterparts, suggest that methyl etherification of the β-linked GalA and methyl esterification of the GlcA are widespread. Nevertheless, the extent of these modifications varies between plant species. Our analysis of the sidechain B glycoforms in RG-II from different dicots and nonpoalean monocots suggests that this sidechain has a minimum structure of an O-acetylated hexasaccharide (Ara-[MeFuc]-Gal-AceA-Rha-Api-). To complement these studies, we provide further evidence showing that dimer formation and stability in vitro is cation and borate dependent. Taken together, our data further refine the primary sequence and sequence variation of RG-II and provide additional insight into dimer stability and factors controlling dimer self-assembly.

17 citations

References
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1963
TL;DR: In this article, a physiologischer Vorgang auf eine enzymatische Wirkung zuruckgefuhrt werden (vgl. S. 301), besteht die folgende Aufgabe darin, Naheres uber die Eigenschaften des beteiligten Enzyms zu ermitteln.
Abstract: Kann ein physiologischer Vorgang auf eine enzymatische Wirkung zuruckgefuhrt werden (vgl. S. 301), so besteht die folgende Aufgabe darin, Naheres uber die Eigenschaften des beteiligten Enzyms zu ermitteln. Hierzu gehoren die Bestimmung der Reaktions- und Substratspezifitat sowie die Ermittlung der Bedingungen, unter denen eine optimale Wirkung des Enzyms gegeben ist. Wesentlich zur Charakterisierung ist ferner die Untersuchung der Stabilitat des Enzyms und dabei insbesondere die Feststellung, ob es sich um ein Ferment handelt, das zur vollen Aktivitat dialysable Cofaktoren benotigt. Falls diese Frage bejaht wird, ist auch die Bestimmung der unerlaslichen Cofaktoren anzuschliesen. Uberdies bietet auch der Nachweis der Lokalisation des Enzyms in der Zelle (oder im Zellverband) eine entscheidende Moglichkeit zur Charakterisierung des Fermentes. Hinzu kommt schlieslich noch die Untersuchung der Wirkung einzelner Inhibitoren1 auf das Enzym, die zu weitgehender Klarung des Reaktionsmechanismus beitragen kann und eine Abgrenzung der Eigenschaften des untersuchten Fermentes gegenuber ahnlichen Enzymen erlaubt.

2 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1962
TL;DR: Optical rotation has been found to be one of the most convenient methods of following the denaturation of proteins and rotatory dispersion is capable of providing information on the folding of the polypeptide chain in proteins and the changes accompanying denaturation.
Abstract: Optical rotation has been found to be one of the most convenient methods of following the denaturation of proteins. Generally speaking denaturation can be defined as a process or sequence of processes in which the spatial arrangement of the polypeptide chains within the molecule is changed from that typical of the native protein to a more disordered arrangement (Kauzmann 1959). The terms “configuration”, “conformation” and “state of folding” are widely used for spatial arrangement. It is probably best to follow the suggestion of Blout (1960) and restrict the use of “configuration” to its original sense, i.e. the spatial arrangement around an asymmetric carbon atom, and to use “conformation” for the shape of the molecule in its entirety. The properties discussed in the previous Chapter i.e., viscosity, diffusion, sedimentation, and light scattering — can all furnish information on the overall shape of proteins or other macromolecules and changes in this shape with environment. Thus Doty, Bradbury and Holtzer (1956) were able to show using these methods, together with streaming birefringence, that poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamate could exist in two conformations, the α-helix and the solvated randomly coiled form, depending on the solvent. The change from α-helix to random coil was accompanied by marked changes in the optical rotatory properties of the polypeptides. It is to be expected that an α-helical structure should contribute to the rotatory power of a polypeptide since helices are asymmetric and not superimposable on their mirror images. The work on polypeptides has shown that rotatory dispersion is capable of providing information on the folding of the polypeptide chain in proteins and the changes accompanying denaturation.

1 citations