Modulation of Rhythmic Activity in Mammalian Spinal Networks Is Dependent on Excitability State
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...It has also been shown that dopamine modulates mammalian spinal CPG networks (Barrière et al., 2004; Humphreys andWhelan, 2012; Sharples et al., 2015; Picton et al., 2017; Sharples, 2017; Sharples and Whelan, 2017)....
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...More generally, by spasms engaging V3 neurons, the whole CPG may also be engaged in evoking spasms, an idea we also investigated by facilitating CPG activity with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) (Sharples and Whelan 2017)....
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"Modulation of Rhythmic Activity in ..." refers background in this paper
...In vertebrates, neuronal networks within the spinal cord control rhythmic movements of the limbs and axial musculature to produce various forms of locomotion (Hultborn and Nielsen, 2007; Roberts et al., 2012; Kimura et al., 2013; Kiehn, 2016)....
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...…motor behaviors mediate a number of functions essential to survival, including breathing (Smith et al., 1991; Baghdadwala et al., 2016), feeding (Blitz and Nusbaum, 2012; Stadele et al., 2015), and locomotion (Gordon and Whelan, 2006; Grillner et al., 2008; Sillar et al., 2014; Kiehn, 2016)....
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"Modulation of Rhythmic Activity in ..." refers background in this paper
...8) and inferred a discrete modulatory function (Cazalets et al., 1992; Schmidt et al., 1998; Pearson et al., 2003; Gozal et al., 2014)....
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...While different laboratories use varying concentrations of NMDA, 5-HT, or dopamine to elicit rhythmic activity (Cazalets et al., 1992; Whelan et al., 2000; Bonnot et al., 2002; Madriaga et al., 2004; Zhong et al., 2010, 2011; Sharples et al., 2015), what is of note is that once state 4 is reached…...
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...While different laboratories use varying concentrations of NMDA, 5-HT, or dopamine to elicit rhythmic activity (Cazalets et al., 1992; Whelan et al., 2000; Bonnot et al., 2002; Madriaga et al., 2004; Zhong et al., 2010, 2011; Sharples et al., 2015), what is of note is that once state 4 is reached it is characterized by stable alternating bursting....
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