Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of galaxiid fishes (Osteichthyes: Galaxiidae): dispersal, vicariance, and the position of Lepidogalaxias salamandroides.
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The species-rich genus Galaxias is shown to be polyphyletic and the generic taxonomy of the Galaxiinae is reassessed in the light of phylogenetic relationships, and the loss of this migratory phase may be a major cause of speciation.Abstract:
The galaxiid fishes exhibit a gondwanan distribution. We use mitochondrial DNA sequences to test conflicting vicariant and dispersal biogeographic hypotheses regarding the Southern Hemisphere range of this freshwater group. Although phylogenetic resolution of cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences is largely limited to more recent divergences, our data indicate that the radiation can be interpreted as several relatively recent dispersal events superimposed on an ancient gondwanan radiation. Genetic relationships contradict the findings of recent morphological analyses of galaxioid fishes. In particular, we examine several hypotheses regarding phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Lepidogalaxias. Although most workers consider Lepidogalaxias to be an unusual scaled member of the Southern Hemisphere galaxioids, it has also been suggested that this species is related to the Northern Hemisphere esocoids. Our data strongly suggest that this species is not a galaxiid, and the alternative hypothesized esocoid relationship cannot be rejected. The species-rich genus Galaxias is shown to be polyphyletic and the generic taxonomy of the Galaxiinae is reassessed in the light of phylogenetic relationships. Juvenile saltwater-tolerance is phylogenetically distributed throughout the Galaxiinae, and the loss of this migratory phase may be a major cause of speciation.read more
Citations
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References
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The New Zealand biota: Historical background and new research
TL;DR: New Zealand's origin as part of Gondwana, the composition of its ancestral biota, its geographic isolation for 80 million years, its tectonic history of changing shorelines and mountain building, and its changing climate have all influenced the composition and distribution of its plant and animal communities, and thus its ecology and evolutionary biology.
Book ChapterDOI
Chapter 12 – Relationships of Lower Euteleostean Fishes
G. David Johnson,Colin Patterson +1 more
TL;DR: In the first Interrelationships of Fishes lower euteleosts were omitted and Fink (1984a) summarized the history of protacanthopterygians as "erosion" and "attrition, most notably at the hands of Rosen (1973)"
Journal ArticleDOI
The radiation of characiform fishes and the limits of resolution of mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences.
Guillermo Ortí,Axel Meyer +1 more
TL;DR: Reliable phylogenetic signal successfully reconstructed relationships among serrasalmin genera, however, aside from a few well-supported clades, relationships could not be reconstructed with confidence among characiform families and ostariophysan orders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogeography of the sardines (sardinops spp.): assessing biogeographic models and population histories in temperate upwelling zones
Brian W. Bowen,W. S. Grant +1 more
TL;DR: The mtDNA and allozyme data are concordant with climate records and fossil evidence in portraying regional populations as recent, unstable, and ephem- eral as mentioned in this paper.