Molecular phylogenetics and diagnosis of Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, and Contracaecum from northern Pacific marine mammals.
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TLDR
Phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequences revealed strong support for the monophyly of Anisakinae, Contracaecum plus Phocascaris, Pseudoterranova, and Anisakis, which is primarily consistent with previously published phenograms based on multilocus electrophoretic data.Abstract:
Individual specimens of Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, and Contracaecum collected from marine mammals inhabiting northern Pacific waters were used for comparative diagnostic and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Forty-eight new sequences were obtained for this study of 14 Anisakis taxa, 8 Pseudoterranova taxa, 4 Contracaecum taxa, and 4 outgroup species. Partial 28S (LSU) and complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2) ribosomal DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Sequences of ITS indicated that Pseudoterranova specimens from Zalophus californianus (California sea lion), Mirounga angustirostris (northern elephant seal), Phoca vitulina (harbor seal), Enhydra lutris (sea otter), and Eumetopias jubatus (Steller's sea lion) exactly matched P. decipiens s. str., extending the host and geographic range of this species. Anisakis from northern Pacific marine mammals were most closely related to members of the A. simplex species complex. Comparison of Anisakis ITS sequences diagnosed the presence of A. simplex C in 2 M. angustirostris hosts, which is a new host record. Anisakis specimens from Phocoena phocoena (harbor porpoise), Lissodelphis borealis (Pacific rightwhale porpoise), and E. jubatus included 3 ITS sequences that did not match any known species. Contracaecum adults obtained from Z. californianus were most closely related to C. ogmorhini s.l. and C. rudolphii, but ITS sequences of these Contracaecum specimens did not match C. ogmorhini s. str. or C. margolisi. These novel Anisakis and Contracaecum ITS sequences may represent previously uncharacterized species. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequences revealed strong support for the monophyly of Anisakinae, Contracaecum plus Phocascaris, Pseudoterranova, and Anisakis. Phylogenetic trees inferred from ITS sequences yielded robustly supported relationships for Pseudoterranova and Anisakis species that are primarily consistent with previously published phenograms based on multilocus electrophoretic data.read more
Citations
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Occurrence of Anisakis (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae in unusual hosts in Southern hemisphere.
TL;DR: Understanding of the extent of infection and the pathogenicity of anisakid nematodes in hosts found in the present study is important in the conservation studies and management plans of these hosts.
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Contracaecum gibsoni n. sp. and C. overstreeti n. sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the Dalmatian pelican Pelecanus crispus (L.) in Greek waters: genetic and morphological evidence.
Simonetta Mattiucci,Michela Paoletti,Michela Paoletti,Adolfo Consuegra Solorzano,Giuseppe Nascetti +4 more
TL;DR: Morphological analysis and the differential diagnosis of genetically recognised male specimens of C. gibsoni and C. overstreeti enabled the detection of differences between the two species in a number of characters, including spicule length and the shape of its tip, and the arrangement of the proximal and distal papillae on the male tail.
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Genetic characterisation and taxonomy of species of Anisakis (Nematoda : Anisakidae) parasitic in Australian marine mammals
TL;DR: This study reinforces the use of a combined molecular and morphological approach for the specific identification of anisakid nematodes by suggesting that nucleotide differences in ITS-1 can be used to differentiate among members of A. simplex sensu lato.
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Elucidating the identity of Anisakis larvae from a broad range of marine fishes from the Yellow Sea, China, using a combined electrophoretic-sequencing approach.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the genus Anisakis has substantial host and geographical distributions in this region and may be a “hybrid” between A. pegreffii and A. simplex sensu stricto.
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Emerging Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) problems in Baltic cod, Gadus morhua L., associated with grey seal colonization of spawning grounds.
Kurt Buchmann,P. W. Kania +1 more
TL;DR: A preliminary investigation on the occurrence of cod worms in a local cod population caught east of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea was implemented, compared to previously unpublished data from the same area in 1982–83.
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