Mood Profiling for Sustainable Mental Health among Athletes
28 May 2021-Sustainability (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)-Vol. 13, Iss: 11, pp 21-21
TL;DR: In this article, the authors improved existing norms for the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) using a large internet sample and discussed how mood profiling can be used to promote sustainable mental health primarily among athletes but also with relevance to non-athletes.
Abstract: Mood responses are a well-established mental health indicator. Gauging mental health status over time often involves periodic mood assessment using a standardized measure, a process referred to as mood profiling. Comparison of observed mood scores against relevant normative data is central to effective mood profiling. The primary purpose of our study was to improve existing norms for the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) using a large internet sample. The secondary purpose was to discuss how mood profiling can be used to promote sustainable mental health primarily among athletes but also with relevance to non-athletes. The BRUMS was completed via the In The Mood website by 15,692 participants. Significant differences between observed mean scores and existing normative data were evident for all six mood dimensions, prompting norm refinement. Specific group norms were generated to address sex differences in mood responses and differences by athlete/nonathlete status. The revised tables of normative data for the BRUMS should be used by researchers in future investigations of mood responses and by applied practitioners seeking to monitor mood responses as an indicator of mental health status. Applications of mood profiling with elite athletes are exemplified, along with recommendations for using mood profiling in the pursuit of sustainable mental health.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effects of proactive vs passive environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of small and medium size enterprises (SMEs), factoring in the moderating effects of price and the mediating effect of company-consumer identification on consumer responses.
Abstract: PurposeThe study aims to examine the effects of proactive vs passive environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of small and medium size enterprises (SMEs), factoring in the moderating effects of price and the mediating effects of company–consumer identification(C-C identification) on consumer responses.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment with general consumer samples was conducted. A randomized 2 (CSR levels: proactive CSR vs passive CSR) × 2 (price as a CSR trade-off: higher price vs lower price) full factorial design was used.FindingsThe study findings revealed that proactive environmental CSR not only engendered more positive C-C identification but also resulted in more favorable consumer attitudes, stronger supportive communication intent and purchase intent. In addition, when a company demonstrates proactive CSR, consumers' C-C identification is generally positive irrespective of price differences, and in turn, more positive reactions follow. When a company takes a passive approach and offers lower prices, respondents showed significantly less positive C-C identification, and less favorable responses. This indicates that passive environmental CSR programs can potentially backfire, especially when combined with lower prices. This study also shows the important mediating impact of C-C identification on consumer responses.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few to explore consumer perceptions of and reactions toward the food industry's environmental CSR programs by degree of CSR involvement and price differences in the context of SMEs. This study's findings provide useful information to SME managers and public relations practitioners who work closely with SMEs, allowing them to make informed strategic decisions, especially when they evaluate the extent of their company's commitment to environmentally proactive CSR practices and its communication to consumers.
5 citations
TL;DR: The Bangla version of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) is one of the most widely used self-report measures for assessing mood responses as discussed by the authors , which is an effective way to monitor mental health states and detect potential psychiatric symptoms.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicide risk, substance abuse, and eating disorders among elite Slovenian athletes was found to be as high as in the general population.
Abstract: There is conflicting evidence that sport plays a protective role in the development of psychopathological disorders and contributes to the sustainability of mental health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among elite Slovenian athletes. We were interested in the prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicide risk, substance abuse, and eating disorders among athletes of both sexes and among athletes of individual and team sports aged 18 years or older. A total of 97 elite athletes participated in the study. We used PAI and EDI-3 questionnaires, and the study also included a control group of 90 non-athletes, matched in gender and age to the target group of elite athletes. Testing was conducted in 2020 and 2021. The comparison between elite athletes and the normative group showed a similar expression of depressive and anxious symptomatology. The athletes have a more pronounced drive for thinness and are more expansive, self-confident, and confident of their abilities compared to the control group. A total of 14% of the athletes show self-confidence to the point of self-grandiosity. Male athletes are more likely to use alcohol and other psychoactive substances and are also more impulsive and risk-taking, while female athletes are at higher risk of developing eating disorders. The study suggests that the prevalence of mental disorders in elite athletes is as high as in the general population. There is an urgent need to sustainably ensure the psychological well-being of athletes.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present the translation and validation of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) from English into Lithuanian, referred to as the BRUMS-LTU, which was administered to 746 participants who were fluent in Lithuanian.
Abstract: Mood can be considered as a diffuse and global emotional state, with both valence and arousal characteristics, that is not directed towards a specific object. Investigation of moods in specific language and cultural contexts relies on the availability of appropriately validated measures. The current study involved the translation and validation of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) from English into Lithuanian. The 24-item, 6-factor scale, referred to as the BRUMS-LTU, was administered to 746 participants who were fluent in Lithuanian (nmen = 199 (26.7%), nwomen = 547 (73.3%); age range = 17–78 years, M = 41.8 years, SD = 11.4 years). Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the hypothesized measurement model to the data (CFI = 0.954, TLI = 0 .944, RMSEA = 0 .060 [CI 0.056, 0.064], SRMR = 0.070) and multi-sample analysis supported configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance across genders. Concurrent measures (i.e., Perceived Stress Scale, Big Five Personality Test) correlated with subscale scores in line with theoretical predictions, supporting both convergent and divergent validity. Internal consistency coefficients of the six subscales were satisfactory. Mood scores varied significantly by gender, with men generally reporting more positive moods than women. Findings support the adequacy of the psychometric properties of the BRUMS-LTU. Thus, the scale can be recommended for use in further psychological studies of mood in Lithuania and may also be useful for applied practitioners.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the impact of Ramadan observance on athletes' mood states assessed using validated scales, including depression, confusion, anger, and tension.
Abstract: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining the effects of Ramadan observance on athletes’ mood states are lacking. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the impact of Ramadan observance on athletes’ mood states assessed using validated scales. Six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, Scielo) were used to search for relevant studies conducted among athletes during Ramadan. Studies that included assessments of mood states, using validated scales, in athletes were included. The quality of the selected studies was scored using the QualSyst assessment checklist. Eighteen studies were selected, of which 15 were of strong quality and the remaining three studies were rated as moderate quality. Ramadan observance resulted in significantly higher fatigue scores (g = 0.781, 95% CI 0.481–1.08, p < .001) and lower vigor scores (g = −0.297, 95% CI −0.493 to −0.101, p = .003), with no significant change in depression, confusion, anger, and tension scores (p > .05). Continuation of training during Ramadan increased feelings of fatigue and lowered vigor. Collaboration between mental and physical fitness coaches is needed to maintain the balance between workload and recovery during Ramadan observance. Future primary studies with greater methodological rigor are warranted.
2 citations
References
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TL;DR: A convenient, although not comprehensive, presentation of required sample sizes is providedHere the sample sizes necessary for .80 power to detect effects at these levels are tabled for eight standard statistical tests.
Abstract: One possible reason for the continued neglect of statistical power analysis in research in the behavioral sciences is the inaccessibility of or difficulty with the standard material. A convenient, although not comprehensive, presentation of required sample sizes is provided here. Effect-size indexes and conventional values for these are given for operationally defined small, medium, and large effects. The sample sizes necessary for .80 power to detect effects at these levels are tabled for eight standard statistical tests: (a) the difference between independent means, (b) the significance of a product-moment correlation, (c) the difference between independent rs, (d) the sign test, (e) the difference between independent proportions, (f) chi-square tests for goodness of fit and contingency tables, (g) one-way analysis of variance, and (h) the significance of a multiple or multiple partial correlation.
38,291 citations
TL;DR: Early evidence suggests that a considerable proportion of HCWs experience mood and sleep disturbances during this outbreak, stressing the need to establish ways to mitigate mental health risks and adjust interventions under pandemic conditions.
Abstract: Background COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to significantly affect the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs), who stand in the frontline of this crisis. It is, therefore, an immediate priority to monitor rates of mood, sleep and other mental health issues in order to understand mediating factors and inform tailored interventions. The aim of this review is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on the prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia among HCWs during the Covid-19 outbreak. Methods A systematic search of literature databases was conducted up to April 17th, 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias for each individual study was assessed and data pooled using random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of specific mental health problems. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO and is available online. Findings Thirteen studies were included in the analysis with a combined total of 33,062 participants. Anxiety was assessed in 12 studies, with a pooled prevalence of 23·2% and depression in 10 studies, with a prevalence rate of 22·8%. A subgroup analysis revealed gender and occupational differences with female HCPs and nurses exhibiting higher rates of affective symptoms compared to male and medical staff respectively. Finally, insomnia prevalence was estimated at 38·9% across 5 studies. Interpretation Early evidence suggests that a considerable proportion of HCWs experience mood and sleep disturbances during this outbreak, stressing the need to establish ways to mitigate mental health risks and adjust interventions under pandemic conditions.
2,306 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence of EDs is higher in athletes than in controls, higher in female athletes more than in male athletes, and more common among those competing in leanness-dependent and weight-dependent sports than in other sports.
Abstract: ObjectiveThe objectives of the study were to examine the prevalence of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), anorexia athletica (AA), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (ED-NOS) in both male and female Norwegian elite athletes and a representative sample from the general Norwegian p
911 citations
University of Cambridge1, Australian National University2, Norwegian Institute of Public Health3, Utrecht University4, University of Tromsø5, The George Institute for Global Health6, University of Oxford7, Johns Hopkins University8, National Institutes of Health9, University of Copenhagen10, Copenhagen University Hospital11, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research12, University of Western Australia13, Fiona Stanley Hospital14, University of London15, Lund University16, University of Pittsburgh17, French Institute of Health and Medical Research18, University College London19, University of Ulm20, Technische Universität München21, University of Padua22, University of Southampton23, German Cancer Research Center24, Erasmus University Medical Center25, Umeå University26, Cardiff University27, Greifswald University Hospital28, Aarhus University29, Portland State University30, University of New South Wales31, Harvard University32, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens33, University of Hawaii34, Columbia University35, University of Iowa36, Duke University37, Yamagata University38, Tuskegee University39, University of Oulu40, University of Helsinki41, Medical University of South Carolina42, Kaiser Permanente43, University of Washington44, University of Groningen45, University of Granada46, Yale University47, Prevention Institute48, University of Edinburgh49, Uppsala University50, Basque Government51, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital52, Kyushu University53, Harokopio University54, University of California, San Diego55, VU University Medical Center56, Aalborg University57, University of Eastern Finland58, Laval University59, University of Vermont60, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center61, Wake Forest University62, Kanazawa Medical University63, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute64, Heidelberg University65, Istituto Superiore di Sanità66, Pasteur Institute67, City College of New York68, Howard University69, University of Glasgow70, International Agency for Research on Cancer71, University of Bristol72, University of Auckland73
TL;DR: Current drinkers of alcohol in high-income countries, the threshold for lowest risk of all-cause mortality was about 100 g/week, and data support limits for alcohol consumption that are lower than those recommended in most current guidelines.
711 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that mood state disturbances increased in a dose-response manner as the training stimulus increased and that these mood disturbances fell to baseline levels with reduction of the training load.
Abstract: It is widely agreed that overtraining should be employed in order to achieve peak performance but it is also recognised that overtraining can actually produce decrements in performance. The challenge appears to be one of monitoring stress indicators in the athlete in order to titrate the training stimulus and prevent the onset of staleness. The present paper summarises a ten-year research effort in which the mood states of competitive swimmers have been monitored at intervals ranging from 2-4 weeks during individual seasons for the period 1975-1986. The training cycle has always involved the indoor season which extends from September to March and the athletes who served as subjects were 200 female and 200 male competitive swimmers. The results indicate that mood state disturbances increased in a dose-response manner as the training stimulus increased and that these mood disturbances fell to baseline levels with reduction of the training load. Whilst these results have been obtained in a realistic setting devoid of experimental manipulation, it is apparent that monitoring of mood state provides a potential method of preventing staleness.
612 citations