Morphology of stomata and leaf hairs of some halophytes from Sundarbans, West Bengal
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1,568 citations
Cites background from "Morphology of stomata and leaf hair..."
...These structures reduce stomatal transpiration (Das and Ghose, 1993), which is important given the high solute concentration of the water and the “physiological drought” the trees experience....
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29 citations
25 citations
Cites background from "Morphology of stomata and leaf hair..."
...The architecture, especially the micromorphology, of mangrove leaves has drawn much attention time to time (SESHAVATHARAN and SRIVALLI 1989, FITZGERALD et al. 1992, DAS and GHOSE 1993, RAMASSAMY and KANNABIRAN 1996, DAS 1999)....
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...In mangroves, the rather thick cuticle plays an active role in restricting non-stomatal water loss (DAS 1999) and the cuticular outgrowths either at the outer side or at both the outer and inner sides of the stomatal pore (ledges) provide some device to minimise water loss through stomata (DAS and GHOSE 1993)....
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...1992, DAS and GHOSE 1993, RAMASSAMY and KANNABIRAN 1996, DAS 1999). But structural information in terms of function is rare and mostly based on assumptions rather than experimental evidence. TOMLINSON (1986) opined that it is the suite of functional characteristics that allows mangroves to survive in saline environments....
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...…the rather thick cuticle plays an active role in restricting non-stomatal water loss (DAS 1999) and the cuticular outgrowths either at the outer side or at both the outer and inner sides of the stomatal pore (ledges) provide some device to minimise water loss through stomata (DAS and GHOSE 1993)....
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...The larger the size of stomata, the less their abundance per unit area (DAS and GHOSE 1993) and the functional pore density for gas exchange is dropped....
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22 citations
Cites background from "Morphology of stomata and leaf hair..."
...Much has been published on the morphology of mature stomata, their orientation pattern with the subsidiary cells and the structural architecture of glandular and non-glandular leaf hairs (MULLAN 1931, BALL and DUTTA 1984, TOMLINSON 1986, SESHAVATHARAM and SRIVALLI 1989, DAS and GHOSE 1993)....
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...This structure provides an extra preventive device against water loss through the stomatal pore during transpiration (DAS and GHOSE 1997). The two guard cells of a stoma develop from a single meristemoid by an equal division and the subsidiary cells develop from a different meristemoid, which is no way concerned with the guard-cell mother-cell. This type of development was also reported earlier in other five mangrove taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1997). In Ceriops decandra (Rhizophoraceae) the lateral epidermal cells of the guard-cell mother-cell divide prior to stomatal development to produce subsidiary cells, which, in turn elongate along the long axis of the stomatal pore. This type of developmental pattern was reported earlier in Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Rhizophoraceae) (DAS and GHOSE 1997). TOMLINSON (1986) opined that there is no high degree of specialization of stomatal type among mangroves....
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...This structure provides an extra preventive device against water loss through the stomatal pore during transpiration (DAS and GHOSE 1997). The two guard cells of a stoma develop from a single meristemoid by an equal division and the subsidiary cells develop from a different meristemoid, which is no way concerned with the guard-cell mother-cell. This type of development was also reported earlier in other five mangrove taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1997). In Ceriops decandra (Rhizophoraceae) the lateral epidermal cells of the guard-cell mother-cell divide prior to stomatal development to produce subsidiary cells, which, in turn elongate along the long axis of the stomatal pore. This type of developmental pattern was reported earlier in Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Rhizophoraceae) (DAS and GHOSE 1997). TOMLINSON (1986) opined that there is no high degree of specialization of stomatal type among mangroves. The present investigation reveals that there are three distinct types of mature stomatal complex, which follows two different ontogenetic pathway for stomatal development among the four investigated taxa. In Acanthus and Aegialitis, only glandular leaf hairs (salt secreting glands) occur on the adaxial surface of the leaf. The present investigation reveals that in both the cases, the developmental stages of the glandular hair are more or less similar, at least up to the three-celled condition, but at maturity the morphology is quite different. The salt glands in all salt-secreting mangroves show some structural similarities in having a basal or collecting cell, two stalk cells and a capitate group of terminally radiating cells. These are probably good evidence of evolutionary convergence among the taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1993). METCALFE and CHALK (1950) reported that the non-glandular hairs of Avicennia nitida (Avicenniaceae) consist of only three cells and proposed that the structural differences of glandular and non-glandular hairs may be due to an adaptive evolution. OSMAND et al. (1969) opined that the salt is secreted by the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of glandular hair into the large vacuoles and as the secretory cells dry out with the aging of the leaves, the salt content is left on the leaf surface as a white powdery layer. FAHN and SHIMONY (1977) reported that in Avicennia marina the ontogeny of glandular and non-glandular hairs follows the same pathway, at least up to the three-celled stage, and after this, the two types of hair differentiate in various ways....
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...This structure provides an extra preventive device against water loss through the stomatal pore during transpiration (DAS and GHOSE 1997). The two guard cells of a stoma develop from a single meristemoid by an equal division and the subsidiary cells develop from a different meristemoid, which is no way concerned with the guard-cell mother-cell. This type of development was also reported earlier in other five mangrove taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1997). In Ceriops decandra (Rhizophoraceae) the lateral epidermal cells of the guard-cell mother-cell divide prior to stomatal development to produce subsidiary cells, which, in turn elongate along the long axis of the stomatal pore. This type of developmental pattern was reported earlier in Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Rhizophoraceae) (DAS and GHOSE 1997). TOMLINSON (1986) opined that there is no high degree of specialization of stomatal type among mangroves. The present investigation reveals that there are three distinct types of mature stomatal complex, which follows two different ontogenetic pathway for stomatal development among the four investigated taxa. In Acanthus and Aegialitis, only glandular leaf hairs (salt secreting glands) occur on the adaxial surface of the leaf. The present investigation reveals that in both the cases, the developmental stages of the glandular hair are more or less similar, at least up to the three-celled condition, but at maturity the morphology is quite different. The salt glands in all salt-secreting mangroves show some structural similarities in having a basal or collecting cell, two stalk cells and a capitate group of terminally radiating cells. These are probably good evidence of evolutionary convergence among the taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1993). METCALFE and CHALK (1950) reported that the non-glandular hairs of Avicennia nitida (Avicenniaceae) consist of only three cells and proposed that the structural differences of glandular and non-glandular hairs may be due to an adaptive evolution....
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...These are probably good evidence of evolutionary convergence among the taxa (DAS and GHOSE 1993)....
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21 citations