Multi-technique observations of convective rain events at a tropical location
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...INTENSE convective activities are known climatic phenomena in the east and the north-eastern parts of the Indian subcontinent during the premonsoon and monsoon seasons [1], [2]....
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"Multi-technique observations of con..." refers background in this paper
...At the same time, the EFM and CBH values also decrease indicating an impending local convective development before the event....
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...As cloud approaches EFM, it senses positive field lines from cloud top and shows an increase in electric field....
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...For the present study, we have utilized the following measurements pertaining to the period of May-September 2013: (i) atmospheric electric field from EFM, (ii) CBH, LWC, CAPE, and TTI from radiometer, (iii) rain rate and rain DSD from disdrometer, (iv) vertical profile of rain rate and melting layer from MRR, and (v) rain attenuation and depolarization of Ku-band satellite signal....
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...Generally cloud bases are negatively and tops are positively charged and its field line distribution affects atmospheric electric field which can be observed with an electric field monitor (EFM) [3]....
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...The EFM-100 is an atmospheric electric field monitor which uses a mechanical chopper to alternately shield and expose several sense plates to an electric field thus allowing it to measure the electric field as an AC voltage across the sense resistor....
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...1(b) shows the large raindrops in the range of 3-4 mm which are also responsible for large depolarization of the signal indicated by a significant cross polar enhancement of the satellite signal [6]....
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...This system can monitor attenuation and depolarization of the Ku- band satellite signals [6]....
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"Multi-technique observations of con..." refers background in this paper
...[2] reported that a cyclonic storm caused significant propagation effects on Ku-band satellite signal due to strong turbulence associated with the cyclone....
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