Multiple imputation and its application
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Cites background or methods from "Multiple imputation and its applica..."
...Auxiliary variables that are strongly associated with both the value and the missingness are more likely to have an impact on the results of multiple imputation and reduce bias.(19) Based on our knowledge of the data, research question, or literature, we may Figure 4 Selection of variables in order to create multiple imputed datasets when looking into the association between body mass index and transfusion risk....
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...In the third stage, measures of association from each imputed dataset are combined by Rubin’s rules, with the corresponding standard errors (and hence the confidence intervals [CIs]) accounting for both the between- and withinimputation variations (Figure 5).(19,23) Multiple imputation algorithms are implemented in all major statistical software (eg, SPSS, Stata, SAS, and R), which contain many detailed examples and step-by-step tutorials on both univariate and multivariate multiple imputations....
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...For all meta-analyses, we recommend using at least two sensitivity analyses to assess the potential impact of the missing outcome data (risk of attrition bias) on the meta-analysis results [67]....
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