Journal Article•
Multistatic Wireless Fidelity Network Based Radar – Results of the Chrcynno Experiment
01 Apr 2014-Radioengineering (Spolecnost pro radioelektronicke inzenyrstvi)-Vol. 23, Iss: 1, pp 30-40
TL;DR: The algorithms and the results of the experiment for the multistatic passive radar based on the WIFI signal, which detected a Cessna C208 airplane based on low power signal from WifI network nodes, which were acting as non-cooperative illuminators of opportunity.
Abstract: This paper presents the theory and experimental result of passive radar using WIFI transmitters as illuminators of opportunity. As a result of experiments conducted on 17th August 2013 at airfield Chrcynno a Cessna C208 airplane was detected using multistatic passive radar system based on low power signal from WIFI network nodes, which were acting as non-cooperative illuminators of opportunity. In the experiment the 3 wireless access points (AP) were communicating with each other and illuminating the radar scene (airfield). The direct reference and reflected (surveillance) signals have been acquired and processed using specially developed algorithm presented in the paper. After signal processing using Passive Coherent Location methods the target has been detected. This paper describes in details the algorithms and the results of the experiment for the multistatic passive radar based on the WIFI signal.
Citations
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TL;DR: Results show that the LTE-based passive radar can detect and track the ground vehicle at different locations, speeds and trajectories, and localise it in the XY-axis coordinate.
Abstract: This study examines the feasibility of the recently deployed wireless communication system, namely, long-term evolution (LTE), for passive radar applications. Specifically, the capability of the system to detect and track a ground moving target is analysed. A theoretical analysis is conducted on the actual LTE signal transmitted in the atmosphere, followed by field experimentation using a moving vehicle with different bistatic geometries. The experiment examines the capability of an LTE-based passive radar to detect a moving vehicle and then track it using a standard Kalman filter. Results show that the LTE-based passive radar can detect and track the ground vehicle at different locations, speeds and trajectories, and localise it in the XY-axis coordinate.
31 citations
TL;DR: In such applications, the transmitters for mobile personal communication and network connection have been successfully exploited as illuminators of opportunity; these include the base stations of the global system for mobile communications, universal mobile telecommunications system, worldwide interoperability for microwave access, and long-term evolution (LTE).
Abstract: In recent years, a number of studies have looked at the use of passive coherent location (PCL) radar systems for short-range surveillance applications [1]–[8]. In such applications, the transmitters for mobile personal communication and network connection have been successfully exploited as illuminators of opportunity; these include the base stations of the global system for mobile communications, universal mobile telecommunications system, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and long-term evolution (LTE).
13 citations
01 Oct 2015
TL;DR: The main goal of this paper is to show how the amount of the illuminating signal impacts the range-Doppler matrix.
Abstract: WIFIRAD — a passive radar demonstrator developed at the Warsaw University of Technology — utilizes signals from the WIFI networks as sources of illumination. As these WIFI signals are not continuous and the duty factor depends on the amount of transmitted data by the WIFI network nodes, authors focused on an impact of the duty factor on the quality of the detections obtained by the WIFIRAD. This paper contains a description of the illuminating signal, a short analysis of an impact of the duty factor on a shape of the cross-ambiguity function and the results of the experiments. The experiment was planned to show how the amount of the traffic in the WIFI network impacts duty factor and how it impacts crossambiguity function obtained by the WIFIRAD. The set of experiments in the bistatic configuration were conducted in an outdoor environment using a 2-node WIFI network, the WIFIRAD as radar and a car as a target. The main goal of this paper is to show how the amount of the illuminating signal impacts the range-Doppler matrix.
9 citations
14 May 2018
TL;DR: A simple experiment is described which goal is to estimate of a radar cross section (RCS) of a drone using the 2.4 GHz WIFI band.
Abstract: In this paper, authors will describe simple experiment which goal is to estimate of a radar cross section (RCS) of a drone. Drones are targets very small in size and RCS. During the design of the passive or active systems dedicated for drone detection, the RCS value of potential targets is not a priori known. So far there were publications related to simulated results of a drone or its parts. The measurements are performed in the 2.4 GHz WIFI band.
8 citations
Cites methods from "Multistatic Wireless Fidelity Netwo..."
...After modifying the model presented in [7] the following formula can be derived:...
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24 Jun 2015
TL;DR: The application of the extension of the crossambiguity function to the 3-dimensional range-Doppler-acceleration is presented and a supersonic target was selected - a sounding rocket launched by the Student Astronautical Group of the Warsaw University of Technology.
Abstract: The detection of supersonic targets in passive radar is a challenge due to the high speed and acceleration of the targets. In the classical approach, where the crossambiguity function is used, the integration time is limited by the range and Doppler migration. In this paper the application of the extension of the crossambiguity function to the 3-dimensional range-Doppler-acceleration is presented. The target of interest was a supersonic target - a sounding rocket launched by the Student Astronautical Group of the Warsaw University of Technology. As an illumination signal the DVBT-signal was selected.
5 citations
References
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30 Sep 2013
TL;DR: WiSee is presented, a novel gesture recognition system that leverages wireless signals (e.g., Wi-Fi) to enable whole-home sensing and recognition of human gestures and achieves this goal without requiring instrumentation of the human body with sensing devices.
Abstract: This paper presents WiSee, a novel gesture recognition system that leverages wireless signals (e.g., Wi-Fi) to enable whole-home sensing and recognition of human gestures. Since wireless signals do not require line-of-sight and can traverse through walls, WiSee can enable whole-home gesture recognition using few wireless sources. Further, it achieves this goal without requiring instrumentation of the human body with sensing devices. We implement a proof-of-concept prototype of WiSee using USRP-N210s and evaluate it in both an office environment and a two- bedroom apartment. Our results show that WiSee can identify and classify a set of nine gestures with an average accuracy of 94%.
1,045 citations
"Multistatic Wireless Fidelity Netwo..." refers background in this paper
...Keywords Passive radar systems, passive coherent location, passive bistatic radar, multistatic passive radio location, noise radars, WIFI signal decoding, frame detection, processing signal from wireless networks....
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NATO1
TL;DR: An experimental bistatic radar system is described that detects and tracks targets to ranges in excess of 150 km from the receiver, using echoes from a non-cooperative FM radio transmitter.
Abstract: An experimental bistatic radar system is described that detects and tracks targets to ranges in excess of 150 km from the receiver, using echoes from a non-cooperative FM radio transmitter The system concept and limitations on performance are described, followed by details of the processing used to implement the system An adaptive filter algorithm is described that is used to efficiently remove interference and strong clutter signals from the receiver channels A computationally efficient algorithm for target detection using Doppler-sensitive cross-correlation techniques is described A simple constant false alarm rate algorithm for target detection is described, together with a description of a Kalman filter based target association algorithm Representative results from the system are provided and compared to truth data derived from air traffic control data
642 citations
"Multistatic Wireless Fidelity Netwo..." refers background in this paper
...Keywords Passive radar systems, passive coherent location, passive bistatic radar, multistatic passive radio location, noise radars, WIFI signal decoding, frame detection, processing signal from wireless networks....
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03 Jun 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, practical measurements of transmitted waveforms are reported and used to illustrate their effects on the resulting system design and performance, in particular the self-ambiguity which enables the limits on range and Doppler resolution to be evaluated is computed.
Abstract: Resolution and ambiguity in both range and Doppler are parameters of fundamental importance in the design and subsequent performance of any radar system. In passive coherent location (PCL) systems these properties are determined by the transmitted waveform, the location of the transmitter, the location of the receiver and the location of the target. Consequently, the scope for radar design and optimisation would seem to be severely restricted as many factors are not within the control of the radar designer. In this paper practical measurements of transmitted waveforms are reported and used to illustrate their effects on the resulting system design and performance. In particular the 'self-ambiguity' which enables the limits on range and Doppler resolution to be evaluated is computed. The bistatic form of the ambiguity function is subsequently presented and used to illustrate how these best case parameters vary as a function of transmitter, receiver and target locations. Understanding the forms that these functions can take and subsequently the implications for system performance is most important if this type of radar is to be used effectively. It is shown that the radar designer does in fact have some limited freedoms to improve system performance. Finally the implications of transmitter waveform and bistatic geometry on target detection, location and imaging are discussed.
347 citations
"Multistatic Wireless Fidelity Netwo..." refers background in this paper
...Keywords Passive radar systems, passive coherent location, passive bistatic radar, multistatic passive radio location, noise radars, WIFI signal decoding, frame detection, processing signal from wireless networks....
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TL;DR: This paper compares two algorithms for three-dimensional target localization from passive radar measurements, namely spherical interpolation (SI) and spherical intersection (SX), based on closed-form equations.
Abstract: This paper compares two algorithms for three-dimensional target localization from passive radar measurements. The algorithms use bistatic range measurements from multiple transmitter-receiver pairs to calculate the target position. The algorithms derived are based on the methods known for time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) systems, namely spherical interpolation (SI) and spherical intersection (SX). Both algorithms rely on closed-form equations. A theoretical accuracy analysis of the algorithms is provided. This analysis is verified with Monte-Carlo simulations and a real-life example is presented.
226 citations
03 Jun 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of passive coherent location (PCL) radar performance for the case when a distant, weak target echo is shadowed by strong echoes is presented, which increases PCL radar performance in the distant zone by adaptive removal of strong echoes from the received signal.
Abstract: Nowadays, passive coherent location (PCL) radar technology has become a subject of intensive investigations owing to its unique features, such as the absence of range and velocity ambiguity, low probability of interception (LPI), small size and low price. A study of PCL radar performance for the case when a distant, weak target echo is shadowed by strong echoes is presented. The presented method increases PCL radar performance in the distant zone by adaptive removal of strong echoes from the received signal.
130 citations