Myeloma: A malignant disorder of bone and soft tissue
TL;DR: Despite many efforts over the years and the large number of treatment agents introduced, it is apparent that the authors do not have sufficient ability or knowledge to control this very troublesome disorder.
Abstract: The purpose of this brief report is to review a large series of cases of myeloma, a highly malignant tumor. The disease was first described over 150 years ago, but not named myeloma until 1873. The lesion appears to be caused by the production of plasma cells in the bone marrow occasionally associated with amyloid. Patients present with pain in bones, principally spine, pelvis, ribs, calvarium and long bones. The sedimentation rate is elevated and marrow shows 10% plasma cells and the sedimentation rate is always elevated. There is no identified genetic cause and the disease is not familial. The disease has a highly malignant potential. We treated 181 mature adult patients with tumor in multiple sites. 63% were dead of disease at an average of 4.5 years after diagnosis. The use of some new drugs have been helpful, chiefly lalanlidomide or bortezomib. Radiation appears to be useful for some lesions and bisphosphonates sometimes help support the bone structure. Despite many efforts over the years and the large number of treatment agents introduced, it is apparent that we do not have sufficient ability or knowledge to control this very troublesome disorder.
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TL;DR: The results suggest that radiotherapy alone may be used in the palliative management of patients with EC by PCM.
Abstract: Between 1976 and 1992, 18 patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma (PCM) were treated for palliation of spinal extradural compression (EC) by radiotherapy alone. Eighty-five percent of the evaluable symptomatic individuals obtained significant pain relief. Ambulatory ability was retained or regained in 11 (65%) patients. The overall median period of survival was 11 months. Extended median survival was noted in post-treatment ambulatory patients (compared with nonambulatory patients) and in individuals whose primary presentation of PCM was EC (versus individuals who developed EC during the course of the disease). These results suggest that radiotherapy alone may be used in the palliative management of patients with EC by PCM.
9 citations
"Myeloma: A malignant disorder of bo..." refers background in this paper
...Ruzitsky in 1873 introduced the term multiple myeloma [4] and Otto Kahler [5] published an extensive review and at one point, the disorder became known as Kahler's disease....
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TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic simulation of the immune response to central giant cell transplantation and shows clear patterns of progression towards “clinically distinct immune checkpoints” in mice.
Abstract: Image 1Image 2Image 3Image 4*Correspondence to: Ritsuro Suzuki, Division of MolecularMedicine, Aichi Cancer Center, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku,Nagoya 464-8681, Japan E-mail: rsuzuki@aichi-ccjpReceived for publication 19 December 2004; Accepted17 January2006Published online in Wiley InterScience (wwwintersciencewileycom)DOI: 101002/ajh20633
6 citations
TL;DR: Until the early 1950s, radiotherapy was the only available treatment for multiple myeloma, a disease in which the sensitivity to radiation has long been recognised.
6 citations
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: The present survey summarizes the sepsis-induced metabolic changes so that they can be adequately compensated by nutritional support using specialized enteral formulas.
Abstract: Sepsis, with its associated complications, is a leading cause of death in intensive care units. It is a major public health problem world-wide. The altered metabolism, severe condition and specific organ failure in sepsis patients get entangled in a vicious circle. Their treatment should invariably include nutritional support. The present survey summarizes the sepsis-induced metabolic changes so that they can be adequately compensated by nutritional support using specialized enteral formulas. We argue the necessity of introducing new efficient formulas as part of the so called immunonutrition. The basic requirements these formulas should meet are: 1. to provide sufficient amount of protein and energy substrate that can preserve the muscle function; 2. to be a source of substances that stimulate and protect enterocytes with restriction of bacterial translocation; 3. to help keep the liver function normal; 4. by including various substances with immunomodulating features to prevent and compensate the disturbances in the immune response.
4 citations