Nano-Manipulation, Nano-Manufacturing, Nano-Measurements by New Smart Material-Based Mechanical Nanotools
TL;DR: In this article, the shape memory effect (SME) in alloys and composites exhibiting SME has been studied and the limitations pertaining to the minimum size of the nanomechanical devices exhibiting SME are discussed.
Abstract: Recent progress in the study of new functional materials, such as Ti(NiCu) intermetallic with shape memory effect (SME), opens up exciting possibilities for the design reconfigurable micro- and nano-structures and for operating mechanical nanotools controlled by external fields or heat. This report gives an overview of physical effects, in particular, solid state phase transitions and accompanying phenomena in alloys and composites exhibiting SME. The limitations pertaining to the minimum size of the nanomechanical devices exhibiting shape memory effect that arise due to the solid state phase transitions are now under discussion and have not been completely understood yet. The modern nanotechnologies allow designing of the mechanical micro- and nanotools, such as nanotweezers, nanopinchers etc., with an active layer thickness of about several tenths of nm, and whose overall size is below 1 μm. The nanotools with SME can be controlled by heating as well as by magnetic field activation in ferromagnetic alloys exhibiting SME, such as Ni 2 MnGa. 3D nanomanipulation is demonstrated by composite nanotweezers with SME in different nanoobjects, such as CNTs, nanowires, nanowhiskers, bionanoobjects, DNA, etc. In these devices, the surface interactions and Casimir and van der Waals forces affect the process of nanomanipulation. The prospects of nanorobotics and manufacturing on nanoscale adapting the principle of mechanical bottom-up nanoassembly are discussed. In addition, nanoscale measurements can take advantage of 3D mechanical nanomanipulation, including transportation of analytes to nanosensors, elasticity measurements by nanotools with calibrated force, etc.
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TL;DR: A facile approach to transfer thin films and other mechanically sensitive TEM samples inside a FIB with minimal introduction of stress and bending is introduced, making use of a pre-synthetized flexible freestanding Ag nanowire attached to the tip of a typical tungsten micromanipulator inside the FIB.
6 citations
01 Mar 2020
2 citations
01 Mar 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the MnO2 and TiO2 nanocomposites were developed by simple and economical means, and they were potentiodynamically deposited on stainless steel sheets and ITO-coated glass substrates for energy storage and sensing applications.
Abstract: The present nanotechnological trend is promising for the devices based on nanocomposites. We focus on three application areas, biosensing, energy storage and photocatalyst. A newer frontier trend is related to individual nano-devices based on individual nano-objects giving the exciting advantages. In the present work, the MnO2 and TiO2 nanocomposites were developed by simple and economical means. The MnO2 and Cu/MnO2 were potentiodynamically deposited on stainless steel sheets and ITO coated glass substrates for energy storage and sensing applications. The electrochemically anodized TiO2 nanotubes and Ag nanoparticles decorated TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated on Ti base for photocatalysis. The MnO2 film electrode, Cu/MnO2 film electrode, Ag/TiO2 nanotubes were preliminarily demonstrated as macroscopic devices in capacitors, glucose sensors and photocatalysis water treatments. The specific capacitance of MnO2 film electrode is as high as 135 Fg−1and the Cu/MnO2 sensor has the low detection limit of 0.986. For the water purification, the photodegradation efficiency of Ag/TiO2 nanotubes is as high as 95% under UV irradiation.
1 citations
01 Mar 2020
25 Jul 2022
TL;DR: In this article , an experimental study of the speedwork of the microactuator was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, which was achieved by heating by passing electric current pulses through it.
Abstract: the kinetic properties and high-speed processes during phase transformations and related effects of giant deformations in micro- and nanosamples of functional nanomaterials in alternating electric and thermal fields have been studied. Theoretically and experimentally studied the processes of controlled deformation (activation) and heat distribution at small sample sizes, in which the manifestation of such phenomena as thermoelastic martensitic phase transition and associated shape memory effect (SME) is possible. Using the focused ion beam method, samples of composite nanotweezers based on the Ti2NiCu alloy with SME were created. A computing model of the speedwork of a composite actuator has been constructed and the dependence of the maximum activation frequency on the linear dimensions of the micro-actuator has been determined. An experimental study of the speedwork of the microactuator was carried out using scanning electron microscopy. The activation of the microactuator was achieved by heating by passing electric current pulses through it. The operation of the microactuator at frequencies up to 8 kHz is demonstrated. A design of the nanotweezers has been created, which for the first time makes it possible to work with thermal drift almost zero (a few tens nanometers), which is a very important aspect in the three-dimensional manipulation of the nanoobjects.
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported microwave measurements on spin-transfer nano-oscillator (STNO) built with MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions having a planar polarizer and a perpendicular free layer, where microwave emission with large output power, excited at ultralow current densities, and in the absence of any bias magnetic fields is observed.
Abstract: The spin-transfer nano-oscillator (STNO) offers the possibility of using the transfer of spin angular momentum via spin-polarized currents to generate microwave signals. However, at present STNO microwave emission mainly relies on both large drive currents and external magnetic fields. These issues hinder the implementation of STNOs for practical applications in terms of power dissipation and size. Here, we report microwave measurements on STNOs built with MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions having a planar polarizer and a perpendicular free layer, where microwave emission with large output power, excited at ultralow current densities, and in the absence of any bias magnetic fields is observed. The measured critical current density is over one order of magnitude smaller than previously reported. These results suggest the possibility of improved integration of STNOs with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, and could represent a new route for the development of the next-generation of on-chip oscillators.
152 citations
TL;DR: A detailed investigation on surface functionalization and covalent immobilization of biomarkers using biocompatible ethanolamine and poly(ethylene glycol) derivate coatings is reported, in order to substantially increase both the sensitivity and molecular selectivity of nanowire-based FET biosensor platforms.
Abstract: Electrically active field-effect transistors (FET) based biosensors are of paramount importance in life science applications, as they offer direct, fast, and highly sensitive label-free detection capabilities of several biomolecules of specific interest. In this work, we report a detailed investigation on surface functionalization and covalent immobilization of biomarkers using biocompatible ethanolamine and poly(ethylene glycol) derivate coatings, as compared to the conventional approaches using silica monoliths, in order to substantially increase both the sensitivity and molecular selectivity of nanowire-based FET biosensor platforms. Quantitative fluorescence, atomic and Kelvin probe force microscopy allowed detailed investigation of the homogeneity and density of immobilized biomarkers on different biofunctionalized surfaces. Significantly enhanced binding specificity, biomarker density, and target biomolecule capture efficiency were thus achieved for DNA as well as for proteins from pathogens. This optimized functionalization methodology was applied to InP nanowires that due to their low surface recombination rates were used as new active transducers for biosensors. The developed devices provide ultrahigh label-free detection sensitivities ∼1 fM for specific DNA sequences, measured via the net change in device electrical resistance. Similar levels of ultrasensitive detection of ∼6 fM were achieved for a Chagas Disease protein marker (IBMP8-1). The developed InP nanowire biosensor provides thus a qualified tool for detection of the chronic infection stage of this disease, leading to improved diagnosis and control of spread. These methodological developments are expected to substantially enhance the chemical robustness, diagnostic reliability, detection sensitivity, and biomarker selectivity for current and future biosensing devices.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the structural transformations in Ni-Ti-Hf alloys fabricated by melt spinning have been studied using X-ray diffraction scanning and resistivity measurements, and the effect of Hf on lattice parameters of both the martensitic and parent phases and transformation characteristics is reported.
86 citations
"Nano-Manipulation, Nano-Manufacturi..." refers background in this paper
...Melt spun ribbons of the alloy T2NiCu, are chosen as the basic functional material because they possess of outstanding SME, suitable temperature range of transition, ease and economy of production [7-10]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, amorphous melt-spun ribbons with the composition Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 were heat-treated for various times above, near or below the crystallization temperature in order to achieve three different states concerning the quantity of precipitates.
82 citations
"Nano-Manipulation, Nano-Manufacturi..." refers background in this paper
...Melt spun ribbons of the alloy T2NiCu, are chosen as the basic functional material because they possess of outstanding SME, suitable temperature range of transition, ease and economy of production [7-10]....
[...]
15 Dec 1999-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: Amorphous Ti-25Ni-25Cu (at.%) melt-spun ribbons have been annealed for various times below the crystallization temperature and the arising amorphous-crystalline microstructures have been characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical metallography.
Abstract: Amorphous Ti–25Ni–25Cu (at.%) melt-spun ribbons have been annealed for various times below the crystallization temperature. The arising amorphous-crystalline microstructures have been characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical metallography. The crystallization occurred in form of spherical B 19-martensite grains surrounded by amorphous matrix. Subnanometric plate-like precipitates were formed inside of the martensite grains. Their density increased with the annealing time leading to embrittlement. The fully crystallized ribbons still contain the B2-phase. Two-stage transformation behavior has been found and is discussed with respect to the observed microstructures.
59 citations
"Nano-Manipulation, Nano-Manufacturi..." refers background in this paper
...Melt spun ribbons of the alloy T2NiCu, are chosen as the basic functional material because they possess of outstanding SME, suitable temperature range of transition, ease and economy of production [7-10]....
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