Nano-opto-mechanical actuator driven by gradient optical force
TL;DR: In this paper, a nanoscale opto-mechanical actuator driven by gradient optical force is designed and demonstrated, which can achieve a maximum displacement of 67 nm with a response time of 94.5 nm.
Abstract: In this letter, a nanoscale opto-mechanical actuator driven by gradient optical force is designed and demonstrated. The nanoscale actuator can achieve a maximum displacement of 67 nm with a response time of 94.5 ns. The optical force is estimated as 1.01 pN/μm/mW in C-band operating wavelengths. The device is fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafer using standard dry etching processes. Compared with traditional microelectromechanical systems actuators driven by electrostatic force, the nanoscale opto-mechanical actuator has the advantages of high resolution of actuation, nanoscale displacement, and fast operating speed. It has potential applications in optical signal processing, chemical, and biological sensing.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight how nanotechnology applications recently impacted the development of advanced solutions for actuation and sensing and the achievement of microrobots, nanorobots and non-conventional larger robotic systems.
Abstract: Nanotechnology recently opened a series of unexpected technological opportunities that drove the emergence of novel scientific and technological fields, which have the potential to dramatically change the lives of millions of citizens. Some of these opportunities have been already caught by researchers working in the different fields related to biorobotics, while other exciting possibilities still lie on the horizon. This article highlights how nanotechnology applications recently impacted the development of advanced solutions for actuation and sensing and the achievement of microrobots, nanorobots, and non-conventional larger robotic systems. The open challenges are described, together with the most promising research avenues involving nanotechnology.
19 citations
Cites background from "Nano-opto-mechanical actuator drive..."
...Recently, interesting examples of NEMS for optomechanics, able to control the optical bistability in photonic crystal cavities (Tiang et al. 2013) and NEMS driven by optical gradient forces (Cai et al. 2012) have been reported....
[...]
...2013) and NEMS driven by optical gradient forces (Cai et al. 2012) have been reported....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the relative position between two stubs in a metal-insulator-metal plasmonics waveguide using NEMS technology has been investigated for active resonance frequency tuning.
Abstract: Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) design for active resonance frequency tuning of plasmonics optical filter is proposed and discussed. The design is based on controlling the relative position between two stubs in a metal-insulator-metal plasmonics waveguide using NEMS technology. The analysis of the optical design as well as the mechanical design is performed. Finally, a reasonable fabrication process of the device is proposed. For the suggested mechanical design parameters, the optical resonance wavelength can be tuned
16 citations
Cites background from "Nano-opto-mechanical actuator drive..."
...An optomechanical actuator driven by a high gradient optical force is an alternative approach for achieving mechanical actuation in this filter for all optical applications.(28) Despite the fact that an optical actuation mechanism increases the design complexity, it provides a high-resolution displacement at the nanometer scale....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the relative position between two stubs in metal-insulator-metal plasmonics waveguide using NEMS technology is controlled for active tuning the resonance frequency of a MIMO optical filter.
Abstract: Designing a miniaturized and efficient optical filter which can be actively tuned is a modern engineering challenge. This paper propose a design of a device with a nano scale size for active tuning the resonance frequency of a metal-insulator-metal plasmonics optical filter. The design is based on controlling the relative position between two stubs in metal-Insulator-metal plasmonics waveguide using NEMS technology. The mechanical design parameter is chosen carefully to be compatible with modern fabrication technology and a reasonable fabrication process of the device is proposed. The analysis of the mechanical and optical design is done and shows a promising performance. For the chosen mechanical design parameters, the optical resonance wavelength can be tuned from 1.45μm to 1.65μm using 7VDC actuation voltage.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a bistable optical-driven silicon-nanowire memory is demonstrated, which employs ring resonator to generate optical gradient force over a doubly clamped silicon-nowire.
Abstract: In this paper, a bistable optical-driven silicon-nanowire memory is demonstrated, which employs ring resonator to generate optical gradient force over a doubly clamped silicon-nanowire. Two stable deformation positions of a doubly clamped silicon-nanowire represent two memory states (“0” and “1”) and can be set/reset by modulating the light intensity (<3 mW) based on the optical force induced bistability. The time response of the optical-driven memory is less than 250 ns. It has applications in the fields of all optical communication, quantum computing, and optomechanical circuits.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a tunable hybrid plasmonic waveguide was proposed, which can be dynamically tuned by manipulating the evanescent field of a dielectric waveguide using a closely suspended tuning waveguide.
10 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, it is hypothesized that similar acceleration and trapping are possible with atoms and molecules using laser light tuned to specific optical transitions, and the implications for isotope separation and other applications of physical interest are discussed.
Abstract: Micron-sized particles have been accelerated and trapped in stable optical potential wells using only the force of radiation pressure from a continuous laser. It is hypothesized that similar accelerations and trapping are possible with atoms and molecules using laser light tuned to specific optical transitions. The implications for isotope separation and other applications of physical interest are discussed.
4,516 citations
TL;DR: Recent experiments have reached a regime where the back-action of photons caused by radiation pressure can influence the optomechanical dynamics, giving rise to a host of long-anticipated phenomena.
Abstract: The coupling of optical and mechanical degrees of freedom is the underlying principle of many techniques to measure mechanical displacement, from macroscale gravitational wave detectors to microscale cantilevers used in scanning probe microscopy. Recent experiments have reached a regime where the back-action of photons caused by radiation pressure can influence the optomechanical dynamics, giving rise to a host of long-anticipated phenomena. Here we review these developments and discuss the opportunities for innovative technology as well as for fundamental science.
1,718 citations
TL;DR: An approach to optofluidic transport that overcomes limitations, using sub-wavelength liquid-core slot waveguides, and provides the ability to handle extended biomolecules directly.
Abstract: The ability to manipulate nanoscopic matter precisely is critical for the development of active nanosystems. Optical tweezers are excellent tools for transporting particles ranging in size from several micrometres to a few hundred nanometres. Manipulation of dielectric objects with much smaller diameters, however, requires stronger optical confinement and higher intensities than can be provided by these diffraction-limited systems. Here we present an approach to optofluidic transport that overcomes these limitations, using sub-wavelength liquid-core slot waveguides. The technique simultaneously makes use of near-field optical forces to confine matter inside the waveguide and scattering/adsorption forces to transport it. The ability of the slot waveguide to condense the accessible electromagnetic energy to scales as small as 60 nm allows us also to overcome the fundamental diffraction problem. We apply the approach here to the trapping and transport of 75-nm dielectric nanoparticles and lambda-DNA molecules. Because trapping occurs along a line, rather than at a point as with traditional point traps, the method provides the ability to handle extended biomolecules directly. We also carry out a detailed numerical analysis that relates the near-field optical forces to release kinetics. We believe that the architecture demonstrated here will help to bridge the gap between optical manipulation and nanofluidics.
776 citations
TL;DR: Measurements of an optical system consisting of a pair of specially patterned nanoscale beams in which optical and mechanical energies are simultaneously localized to a cubic-micron-scale volume and for which large per-photon optical gradient forces are realized enable the exploration of cavity optomechanical regimes.
Abstract: The dynamic back-action caused by electromagnetic forces (radiation pressure) in optical and microwave cavities is of growing interest. Back-action cooling, for example, is being pursued as a means of achieving the quantum ground state of macroscopic mechanical oscillators. Work in the optical domain has revolved around millimetre- or micrometre-scale structures using the radiation pressure force. By comparison, in microwave devices, low-loss superconducting structures have been used for gradient-force-mediated coupling to a nanomechanical oscillator of picogram mass. Here we describe measurements of an optical system consisting of a pair of specially patterned nanoscale beams in which optical and mechanical energies are simultaneously localized to a cubic-micron-scale volume, and for which large per-photon optical gradient forces are realized. The resulting scale of the per-photon force and the mass of the structure enable the exploration of cavity optomechanical regimes in which, for example, the mechanical rigidity of the structure is dominantly provided by the internal light field itself. In addition to precision measurement and sensitive force detection, nano-optomechanics may find application in reconfigurable and tunable photonic systems, light-based radio-frequency communication and the generation of giant optical nonlinearities for wavelength conversion and optical buffering.
749 citations