Nano-optomechanical Actuator and Pull-Back Instability
TL;DR: This paper studies the nonlinear behavior of a nano-optomechanical actuator, consisting of a free-standing arc in a ring resonator that is coupled to a bus waveguide through evanescent waves, which achieves a maximal deflection of 43.1 nm.
Abstract: This paper studies the nonlinear behavior of a nano-optomechanical actuator, consisting of a free-standing arc in a ring resonator that is coupled to a bus waveguide through evanescent waves. The arc deflects when a control light of a fixed wavelength and optical power is pumped into the bus waveguide, while the amount of deflection is monitored by measuring the transmission spectrum of a broadband probe light. This nanoactuator achieves a maximal deflection of 43.1 nm, with a resolution of 0.28 nm. The optical force is a nonlinear function of the deflection of the arc, leading to pull-back instability when the control light is red-tuned. This instability is studied by a combination of experiment and modeling. Potential applications of the nanoactuator include bio-nanomotor, optical switches, and optomechanical memories.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the temperature control of Fano resonance via a resonator waveguide system which is composed of a side coupled ring cavity and a metal nanowall is presented, where the ring resonator is filled with sealed ethanol which can tune the Fano resonator by the temperature.
Abstract: The temperature control of Fano resonance via a resonator waveguide system which is composed of a side coupled ring cavity and a metal nanowall is presented. The ring resonator is filled with sealed ethanol which can tune the Fano resonance by the temperature. Two dimensional finite difference time domain method is used to calculate the transmission and field distribution. The Fano resonance is originated from the coupling between the discrete state and the continua state. The discrete state and continua state is from the side coupled ring resonator and the metal nanowall, respectively. The asymmetrical Fano linestyle can be tuned by changing the temperature of the sealed ethanol or the geometric parameters. Multiple Fano resonance can be obtained by introducing another ring resonator and can be tuned by temperature or size independently. The proposed plasmonic structure may have application in slow light device, nanoscale filter, all optical switch and refractive index sensor.
53 citations
TL;DR: An optofluidic nanophotonic sawtooth array (ONSA) that generates saw tooth-like light fields through light coupling is reported, paving the physical foundation for shape-selective sieving of submicron particles and expands the boundary of opt ofluidics-based particle manipulation.
Abstract: Current particle sorting methods such as microfluidics, acoustics, and optics focus on exploiting the differences in the mass, size, refractive index, or fluorescence staining. However, there exist formidable challenges for them to sort label-free submicron particles with similar volume and refractive index yet distinct shapes. In this work, we report an optofluidic nanophotonic sawtooth array (ONSA) that generates sawtooth-like light fields through light coupling, paving the physical foundation for shape-selective sieving. Submicron particles interact with the coupled hotspots which impose different optical torques on the particles according to their shapes. Unstained S. aureus and E. coli are used as a model system to demonstrate this shape-selective sorting mechanism based on the torque-induced body dynamics, which was previously unattainable by other particle sorting technologies. More than 95% of S. aureus is retained within ONSA, while more than 97% of E. coli is removed. This nanophotonic chip offers a paradigm shift in shape-selective sorting of submicron particles and expands the boundary of optofluidics-based particle manipulation.
43 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that resonant optical forces generated within all-dielectric planar photonic metamaterials at near-infrared illumination wavelengths can be an order of magnitude larger than in corresponding plasmonic metammaterials.
Abstract: We demonstrate that resonant optical forces generated within all-dielectric planar photonic metamaterials at near-infrared illumination wavelengths can be an order of magnitude larger than in corresponding plasmonic metamaterials, reaching levels many tens of times greater than the force resulting from radiation pressure. This is made possible by the dielectric structures’ freedom from Joule losses and the consequent ability to sustain Fano-resonances with high quality factors that are unachievable in plasmonic nanostructures. Dielectric nano-optomechanical metamaterials can thus provide a functional platform for a range of novel dynamically controlled and self-adaptive nonlinear, tunable/switchable photonic metamaterials.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a DE as electromechanical resonator (DEER) configured as a pure shear actuator is presented and a theoretical model is developed to characterize the complex performance under different boundary conditions.
Abstract: Dielectric elastomers (DEs) feature nonlinear dynamics resulting from an electromechanical coupling. Under alternating voltage, the DE resonates with tunable performances. We present an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a DE as electromechanical resonator (DEER) configured as a pure shear actuator. A theoretical model is developed to characterize the complex performance under different boundary conditions. Physical mechanisms are presented and discussed. Chaotic behavior is also predicted, illustrating instabilities in the dynamics. The results provide a guide to the design and application of DEER in haptic devices.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an optical gradient force driven Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS) actuator, which is controlled by the Q-factor attenuation of micro-ring resonator, is demonstrated.
Abstract: In this Letter, an optical gradient force driven Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS) actuator, which is controlled by the Q-factor attenuation of micro-ring resonator, is demonstrated. The actuator consists of a tunable actuation ring resonator, a sensing ring resonator, and a mechanical actuation arc. The actuation displacement can reach up to 14 nm with a measured resolution of 0.8 nm, when the Q-factor of the ring resonator is tuned from 15 × 103 to 6 × 103. The potential applications of the NEMS actuator include single molecule manipulation, nano-manipulation, and high sensitivity sensors.
31 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, a method of coupling of modes in time was proposed to simplify both the analysis and filter synthesis aspects of these devices, and the response of filters comprised of an arbitrarily large dumber of resonators may be written down by inspection, as a continued fraction.
Abstract: Microring resonators side coupled to signal waveguides provide compact, narrow band, and large free spectral range optical channel dropping filters. Higher order filters with improved passband characteristics and larger out-of-band signal rejection are realized through the coupling of multiple rings. The analysis of these devices is approached by the novel method of coupling of modes in time. The response of filters comprised of an arbitrarily large dumber of resonators may be written down by inspection, as a continued fraction. This approach simplifies both the analysis and filter synthesis aspects of these devices.
1,733 citations
TL;DR: Recent experiments have reached a regime where the back-action of photons caused by radiation pressure can influence the optomechanical dynamics, giving rise to a host of long-anticipated phenomena.
Abstract: The coupling of optical and mechanical degrees of freedom is the underlying principle of many techniques to measure mechanical displacement, from macroscale gravitational wave detectors to microscale cantilevers used in scanning probe microscopy. Recent experiments have reached a regime where the back-action of photons caused by radiation pressure can influence the optomechanical dynamics, giving rise to a host of long-anticipated phenomena. Here we review these developments and discuss the opportunities for innovative technology as well as for fundamental science.
1,718 citations
Additional excerpts
...A ring resonator(21) with high quality factor is utilized to enhance the gradient optical force, enablingmanipulationof optical response at a relatively low light power.(22,23)...
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TL;DR: This work reports on the construction and successful operation of a fully synthetic nanoscale electromechanical actuator incorporating a rotatable metal plate, with a multi-walled carbon nanotube serving as the key motion-enabling element.
Abstract: Nanostructures are of great interest not only for their basic scientific richness, but also because they have the potential to revolutionize critical technologies. The miniaturization of electronic devices over the past century has profoundly affected human communication, computation, manufacturing and transportation systems. True molecular-scale electronic devices are now emerging that set the stage for future integrated nanoelectronics. Recently, there have been dramatic parallel advances in the miniaturization of mechanical and electromechanical devices. Commercial microelectromechanical systems now reach the submillimetre to micrometre size scale, and there is intense interest in the creation of next-generation synthetic nanometre-scale electromechanical systems. We report on the construction and successful operation of a fully synthetic nanoscale electromechanical actuator incorporating a rotatable metal plate, with a multi-walled carbon nanotube serving as the key motion-enabling element.
1,115 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the ultimate sensitivity of very high frequency nanoelectromechanical systems indicates that NEMS can ultimately provide inertial mass sensing of individual intact, electrically neutral macromolecules with single-Dalton (1 amu) resolution.
Abstract: Very high frequency (VHF) nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) provide unprecedented sensitivity for inertial mass sensing. We demonstrate in situ measurements in real time with mass noise floor ∼20 zg. Our best mass resolution corresponds to ∼7 zg, equivalent to ∼30 xenon atoms or the mass of an individual 4 kDa molecule. Detailed analysis of the ultimate sensitivity of such devices based on these experimental results indicates that NEMS can ultimately provide inertial mass sensing of individual intact, electrically neutral macromolecules with single-Dalton (1 amu) resolution.
1,035 citations
Posted Content•
11 Aug 2000
TL;DR: Nanoelectromechanical systems as discussed by the authors are MEMS scaled to submicron dimensions, which can attain extremely high fundamental frequencies while simultaneously preserving very high mechanical responsivity (small force constants).
Abstract: Nanoelectromechanical systems, or NEMS, are MEMS scaled to submicron dimensions. In this size regime, it is possible to attain extremely high fundamental frequencies while simultaneously preserving very high mechanical responsivity (small force constants). This powerful combination of attributes translates directly into high force sensitivity, operability at ultralow power, and the ability to induce usable nonlinearity with quite modest control forces. In this overview I shall provide an introduction to NEMS and will outline several of their exciting initial applications. However, a stiff entry fee exists at the threshold to this new domain: new engineering is crucial to realizing the full potential of NEMS. Certain mainstays in the methodology of MEMS will, simply, not scale usefully into the regime of NEMS. The most problematic of issues are the size of the devices compared to their embedding circuitry, their extreme surface-to-volume ratios, and their unconventional "characteristic range of operation". These give rise to some of the principal current challenges in developing NEMS. Most prominent among these are the need for: ultrasensitive, very high bandwidth displacement transducers; an unprecedented control of surface quality and adsorbates; novel modes of efficient actuation at the nanoscale, and precise, robust, and routinely reproducible new approaches to surface and bulk nanomachining. I survey each of these aspects in turn, and conclude by describing several of the exciting prospects in this new field.
908 citations