National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) : 2010-2012 state report

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National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) : 2010-2012 state report

National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) : 2010-2012 state report

Sharon G. Smith, Kathleen C. Basile, Leah K. Gilbert, Melissa T. Merrick, Nimesh Patel, Margie Walling, Anurag Jain - Show less +3 more

01 Apr 2017-

About: The article was published on 2017-04-01 and is currently open access. It has received 322 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Domestic violence & Sexual violence.

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Proceedings Article•DOI•

“A Stalker's Paradise”: How Intimate Partner Abusers Exploit Technology

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Diana Freed¹, Jackeline Palmer², Diana Elizabeth Minchala³, Karen Levy¹, Thomas Ristenpart¹, Nicola Dell¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

Cornell University¹, Hunter College², City College of New York³

21 Apr 2018

TL;DR: It is shown how the sociotechnical and relational factors that characterize IPV make such attacks both extremely damaging to victims and challenging to counteract, in part because they undermine the predominant threat models under which systems have been designed.

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Abstract: This paper describes a qualitative study with 89 participants that details how abusers in intimate partner violence (IPV) contexts exploit technologies to intimidate, threaten, monitor, impersonate, harass, or otherwise harm their victims. We show that, at their core, many of the attacks in IPV contexts are technologically unsophisticated from the perspective of a security practitioner or researcher. For example, they are often carried out by a UI-bound adversary - an adversarial but authenticated user that interacts with a victim»s device or account via standard user interfaces - or by downloading and installing a ready-made application that enables spying on a victim. Nevertheless, we show how the sociotechnical and relational factors that characterize IPV make such attacks both extremely damaging to victims and challenging to counteract, in part because they undermine the predominant threat models under which systems have been designed. We discuss the nature of these new IPV threat models and outline opportunities for HCI research and design to mitigate these attacks.

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209 citations

Cites background from "National Intimate Partner and Sexua..."

...IPV is a prevalent global problem that affects millions of people worldwide [11, 44] with recent reports suggesting that one in three women and one in six men experience IPV at some point in their lives [40]....
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...Our paper examines technologyrelated abuse in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV), a serious societal problem that affects one in three women and one in six men in the course of their lives [40]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Lifetime economic burden of intimate partner violence among U.S. adults.

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Cora Peterson¹, Megan C. Kearns¹, Wendy Li Kam Wa McIntosh¹, Lianne Fuino Estefan¹, Christina Nicolaidis², Kathryn E. McCollister³, Amy Gordon², Curtis S. Florence¹ - Show less +4 more•Institutions (3)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention¹, Portland State University², University of Miami³

22 Aug 2018-American Journal of Preventive Medicine

TL;DR: Preventing intimate partner violence is possible and could avoid substantial costs, and these findings can inform the potential benefit of prioritizing prevention, as well as evaluation of implemented prevention strategies.

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207 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Screening for Intimate Partner Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Final Recommendation Statement.

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US Preventive Services Task Force¹, Susan J. Curry¹, Alex H. Krist², Douglas K Owens³, Douglas K Owens⁴, Michael J. Barry⁵, Aaron B. Caughey⁶, Karina W. Davidson⁷, Chyke A. Doubeni⁸, John W. Epling⁹, David C Grossman¹⁰, Alex R. Kemper¹¹, Martha Y. Kubik¹², Ann E. Kurth¹³, C. Seth Landefeld¹⁴, Carol M. Mangione¹⁵, Michael Silverstein¹⁶, Melissa A. Simon¹⁷, Chien-Wen Tseng¹⁸, John B. Wong¹⁹ - Show less +16 more•Institutions (19)

University of Iowa¹, Virginia Commonwealth University², Stanford University³, Veterans Health Administration⁴, Harvard University⁵, Oregon Health & Science University⁶, Columbia University⁷, University of Pennsylvania⁸, Virginia Tech⁹, Kaiser Permanente¹⁰, Nationwide Children's Hospital¹¹, Temple University¹², Yale University¹³, University of Alabama at Birmingham¹⁴, University of California, Los Angeles¹⁵, Boston University¹⁶, Northwestern University¹⁷, University of Hawaii¹⁸, Tufts University¹⁹

23 Oct 2018-JAMA

TL;DR: It is concluded with moderate certainty that screening for IPV in women of reproductive age and providing or referring women who screen positive to ongoing support services has a moderate net benefit and the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms.

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Abstract: Importance Intimate partner violence (IPV) and abuse of older or vulnerable adults are common in the United States but often remain undetected. In addition to the immediate effects of IPV, such as injury and death, there are other health consequences, many with long-term effects, including development of mental health conditions such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and suicidal behavior; sexually transmitted infections; unintended pregnancy; and chronic pain and other disabilities. Long-term negative health effects from elder abuse include death, higher risk of nursing home placement, and adverse psychological consequences. Objective To update the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2013 recommendation on screening for IPV, elder abuse, and abuse of vulnerable adults. Evidence Review The USPSTF commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for IPV in adolescents, women, and men; for elder abuse; and for abuse of vulnerable adults. Findings The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for IPV in women of reproductive age and providing or referring women who screen positive to ongoing support services has a moderate net benefit. There is adequate evidence that available screening instruments can identify IPV in women. The evidence does not support the effectiveness of brief interventions or the provision of information about referral options in the absence of ongoing supportive intervention components. The evidence demonstrating benefit of ongoing support services is predominantly found in studies of pregnant or postpartum women. The benefits and harms of screening for elder abuse and abuse of vulnerable adults are uncertain, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. Conclusions and Recommendation The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for IPV in women of reproductive age and provide or refer women who screen positive to ongoing support services. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for abuse and neglect in all older or vulnerable adults. (I statement)

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202 citations

Proceedings Article•DOI•

The Spyware Used in Intimate Partner Violence

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Rajdeep Mohan Chatterjee¹, Periwinkle Doerfler², Hadas Orgad³, Sam Havron¹, Jackeline Palmer⁴, Diana Freed¹, Karen Levy¹, Nicola Dell¹, Damon McCoy², Thomas Ristenpart¹ - Show less +6 more•Institutions (4)

Cornell University¹, New York University², Technion – Israel Institute of Technology³, Hunter College⁴

20 May 2018

TL;DR: This work designs, implements, and evaluates a measurement pipeline that combines web and app store crawling with machine learning to find and label apps that are potentially dangerous in IPS contexts, and identifies several hundred IPS-relevant apps.

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Abstract: Survivors of intimate partner violence increasingly report that abusers install spyware on devices to track their location, monitor communications, and cause emotional and physical harm. To date there has been only cursory investigation into the spyware used in such intimate partner surveillance (IPS). We provide the first in-depth study of the IPS spyware ecosystem. We design, implement, and evaluate a measurement pipeline that combines web and app store crawling with machine learning to find and label apps that are potentially dangerous in IPS contexts. Ultimately we identify several hundred such IPS-relevant apps. While we find dozens of overt spyware tools, the majority are "dual-use" apps — they have a legitimate purpose (e.g., child safety or anti-theft), but are easily and effectively repurposed for spying on a partner. We document that a wealth of online resources are available to educate abusers about exploiting apps for IPS. We also show how some dual-use app developers are encouraging their use in IPS via advertisements, blogs, and customer support services. We analyze existing anti-virus and anti-spyware tools, which universally fail to identify dual-use apps as a threat.

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94 citations

Cites background from "National Intimate Partner and Sexua..."

...Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects roughly one-third of all women and one-sixth of all men in the United States [54]....
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...I. INTRODUCTION Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects roughly one-third of all women and one-sixth of all men in the United States [54]....
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...Organic marketing will be difficult to curb from a technology perspective, but here law enforcement agencies, such as the FTC and DOJ in the United States, might escalate their enforcement of policies against products intended for illegal use, such as in the CyberSpy case [20,47]....
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...One study [46] interviewed 15 survivors of IPV in the United States, and found that 20% reported being monitored by spyware....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Aggression in Women: Behavior, Brain and Hormones

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Thomas F. Denson¹, Siobhan M. O’Dean¹, Khandis R. Blake¹, Joanne R Beames¹•Institutions (1)

University of New South Wales¹

02 May 2018-Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

TL;DR: More gender-specific theory-driven hypothesis testing is needed with larger samples of women and aggression paradigms relevant to women, and under some circumstances, oxytocin may increase aggression by enhancing reactivity to provocation and simultaneously lowering perceptions of danger that normally inhibit many women from retaliating.

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Abstract: We review the literature on aggression in women with an emphasis on laboratory experimentation and hormonal and brain mechanisms. Women tend to engage in more indirect forms of aggression (e.g., spreading rumors) than other types of aggression. In laboratory studies, women are less aggressive than men, but provocation attenuates this difference. In the real world, women are just as likely to aggress against their romantic partner as men are, but men cause more serious physical and psychological harm. A very small minority of women are also sexually violent. Women are susceptible to alcohol-related aggression, but this type of aggression may be limited to women high in trait aggression. Fear of being harmed is a robust inhibitor of direct aggression in women. There are too few studies and most are underpowered to detect unique neural mechanisms associated with aggression in women. Testosterone shows the same small, positive relationship with aggression in women as in men. The role of cortisol is unclear, although some evidence suggests that women who are high in testosterone and low in cortisol show heightened aggression. Under some circumstances, oxytocin may increase aggression by enhancing reactivity to provocation and simultaneously lowering perceptions of danger that normally inhibit many women from retaliating. There is some evidence that high levels of estradiol and progesterone are associated with low levels of aggression. We highlight that more gender-specific theory-driven hypothesis testing is needed with larger samples of women and aggression paradigms relevant to women.

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90 citations

Cites background from "National Intimate Partner and Sexua..."

...A recentmeta-analysis examined the prevalence rate of female sexual offending from 2000 to 2013 in 12 countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, England and Wales, France, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland and the United States; Cortoni et al., 2017)....
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...Lifetime prevalence of IPV victimization was estimated at 37.3% for women and 30.9% for men living in the United States (Smith et al., 2017)....
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...REVIEW published: 02 May 2018 doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00081 Aggression in Women: Behavior, Brain and Hormones Thomas F. Denson1*, Siobhan M. O’Dean1, Khandis R. Blake2 and Joanne R. Beames1 1School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Edited by: Nelly Alia-Klein, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States Reviewed by: Lesley J. Rogers, University of New England, Australia Gennady Knyazev, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Russia *Correspondence: Thomas F. Denson t.denson@unsw.edu.au Received: 17 November 2017 Accepted: 16 April 2018 Published: 02 May 2018 Citation: Denson TF, O’Dean SM, Blake KR and Beames JR (2018) Aggression in Women: Behavior, Brain and Hormones....
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References

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Open Access

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Journal Article•DOI•

Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries

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Ruth Gilbert¹, Cathy Spatz Widom², Kevin D. Browne³, Kevin D. Browne⁴, David M. Fergusson, Elspeth Webb⁵, Staffan Janson⁶ - Show less +3 more•Institutions (6)

UCL Institute of Child Health¹, City University of New York², University of Birmingham³, University of Nottingham⁴, Cardiff University⁵, Karlstad University⁶

03 Jan 2009-The Lancet

TL;DR: For example, this article found that exposure to multiple types and repeated episodes of maltreatment is associated with increased risks of severe maltreatment and psychological consequences, which has longlasting effects on mental health, drug and alcohol misuse (especially in girls), risky sexual behaviour, obesity, and criminal behaviour.

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3,034 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization

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David Finkelhor¹, Richard Ormrod¹, Heather A. Turner¹•Institutions (1)

University of New Hampshire¹

01 Jan 2007-Child Abuse & Neglect

TL;DR: Researchers and practitioners need to assess for a broader range of victimizations, and avoid studies and assessments organized around a single form of victimization, in explaining trauma symptomatology.

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1,666 citations

Journal Article•

Long-term effects of home visitation on maternal life course and child abuse and neglect : fifteen-year follow-up of a randomized trial

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David L. Olds, John Eckenrode, Harriet Kitzman, Jane Powers, Robert Cole, Kimberly Sidora, Pamela Morris, Lisa M. Pettitt, Dennis W. Luckey - Show less +5 more

01 Jan 1998-Annual progress in child psychiatry and child development

TL;DR: This program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation by nurses can reduce the number of subsequent pregnancies, the use of welfare, child abuse and neglect, and criminal behavior on the part of low-income, unmarried mothers for up to 15 years after the birth of the first child.

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Abstract: omen's use of welfare and number of subsequent children were based on self-report; their arrests and convictions were based on self-report and archived data from New York State. Verified reports of child abuse and neglect were abstracted from state records. Main Results.\p=m-\Du ring the 15-year period after the birth of their first child, in contrast to women in the comparison group, women who were visited by nurses during pregnancy and infancy were identified as perpetrators of child abuse and neglect in 0.29 vs 0.54 verified reports (P<.001). Among women who were unmarried and from households of low socioeconomic status at initial enrollment, in contrast to those in the comparison group, nurse-visited women had 1.3 vs 1.6 subsequent births (P=.02), 65 vs 37 months between the birth of the first and a second child (P=.001), 60 vs 90 months' receiving Aid to Families With Dependent Children (P=.005), 0.41 vs 0.73 behavioral impairments due to use of alcohol and other drugs (P=.03), 0.18 vs 0.58 arrests by self-report (P<.001), and 0.16 vs 0.90 arrests disclosed by New York State records (P<.001). Conclusions.\p=m

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1,254 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The impact of exposure to domestic violence on children and young people: a review of the literature.

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Stephanie Holt¹, Helen Buckley¹, Sadhbh Whelan¹•Institutions (1)

Trinity College, Dublin¹

01 Aug 2008-Child Abuse & Neglect

TL;DR: It is found that children and adolescents living with domestic violence are at increased risk of experiencing emotional, physical and sexual abuse, of developing emotional and behavioral problems and of increased exposure to the presence of other adversities in their lives.

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1,182 citations

National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey: 2010 Summary Report

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Michele C. Black, Kathleen C. Basile, Matthew J. Breiding, Sharon G. Smith, Mikel L. Walters, Melissa T. Merrick, Jieru Chen, Mark R. Stevens - Show less +4 more

01 Jan 2011

969 citations

"National Intimate Partner and Sexua..." refers background or methods in this paper

...were raped as children or adolescents is significantly higher than that among adult females who were not raped as minors (Black et al., 2011)....
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...A more detailed description of the NISVS instrument development process and administration is presented in the 2010 NISVS Summary Report (Black et al., 2011), which can be found at http://stacks....
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...Also, previous NISVS research has found that the percentage of women with a childhood history of rape who were also subsequently raped as adults is more than three times higher than such a percentage among women without an early rape history (Black et al., 2011)....
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...Detailed information about the methods used in NISVS is presented in the 2010 NISVS Summary Report (Black et al., 2011), which can be found at http://stacks....
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