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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Neurofilament light chain: A prognostic biomarker in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

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TLDR
This report provides Class III evidence that the NfL electrochemiluminescence immunoassay accurately distinguishes patients with sporadic ALS from healthy controls and offers potential for N fL as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in future therapeutic trials.
Abstract
Objective: To test blood and CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in relation to disease progression and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: Using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, NfL levels were measured in samples from 2 cohorts of patients with sporadic ALS and healthy controls, recruited in London (ALS/control, plasma: n = 103/42) and Oxford (ALS/control, serum: n = 64/36; paired CSF: n = 38/20). NfL levels in patients were measured at regular intervals for up to 3 years. Change in ALS Functional Rating Scale–Revised score was used to assess disease progression. Survival was evaluated using Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results: CSF, serum, and plasma NfL discriminated patients with ALS from healthy controls with high sensitivity (97%, 89%, 90%, respectively) and specificity (95%, 75%, 71%, respectively). CSF NfL was highly correlated with serum levels ( r = 0.78, p p Conclusion: Blood-derived NfL level is an easily accessible biomarker with prognostic value in ALS. The individually relatively stable levels longitudinally offer potential for NfL as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in future therapeutic trials. Classification of evidence: This report provides Class III evidence that the NfL electrochemiluminescence immunoassay accurately distinguishes patients with sporadic ALS from healthy controls.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Serum neurofilament dynamics predicts neurodegeneration and clinical progression in presymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease

TL;DR: Serum NfL dynamics in serum predict disease progression and brain neurodegeneration at the early presymptomatic stages of familial Alzheimer’s disease, which supports its potential utility as a clinically useful biomarker.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker in neurological disorders

TL;DR: Evidence that both CSF and blood NfL may serve as diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers in neurological diseases is progressively increasing, and N fL is one of the most promising biomarkers to be used in clinical and research setting in the next future.
Journal ArticleDOI

Comparison of three analytical platforms for quantification of the neurofilament light chain in blood samples: ELISA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and Simoa

TL;DR: The highly sensitive Simoa technology deserves further studies in larger patient cohorts to clarify whether serum NfL could be used in the future to measure disease severity and determine prognosis or response to treatment interventions in neurological diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

El Escorial revisited : revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

TL;DR: The criteria described below represent the result of a three-day workshop, convened at Airlie Conference Center, Warrenton, Virginia on 2–4 April, 1998 by the World Federation of Neurology Research Committee on Motor Neuron Diseases, and are placed on the WFN ALS website.
Journal ArticleDOI

Using the General Linear Mixed Model to Analyse Unbalanced Repeated Measures and Longitudinal Data

TL;DR: The general linear mixed model as discussed by the authors provides a useful approach for analysing a wide variety of data structures which practising statisticians often encounter, such as unbalanced repeated measures data and longitudinal data.
Journal ArticleDOI

A consensus protocol for the standardization of cerebrospinal fluid collection and biobanking

TL;DR: A consensus report on recommendations for CSF collection and biobanking is presented, formed by the BioMS-eu network forCSF biomarker research in multiple sclerosis, and focuses on CSf collection procedures, preanalytical factors, and high-quality clinical and paraclinical information.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neurofilament phosphoforms: surrogate markers for axonal injury, degeneration and loss.

TL;DR: This review on the role of neurofilaments as surrogate markers for axonal degeneration in neurological diseases provides a brief background to protein synthesis, assembly, function and degeneration.
Book ChapterDOI

Mixed Models: Using the General Linear Mixed Model to Analyse Unbalanced Repeated Measures and Longitudinal Data

TL;DR: The purpose of this tutorial is to provide readers with a sufficient introduction to the theory to understand the method and a more extensive discussion of model fitting and checking in order to provide guidelines for its use.
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