scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease.

Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors discuss some current ideas on processes in inflammaging that appear to drive the neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease and summarize details on a few immunomodulatory strategies being developed to selectively target the detrimental aspects of neuroinflammation without affecting defense mechanisms against pathogens and tissue damage.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with human aging. Ten percent of individuals over 65 years have AD and its prevalence continues to rise with increasing age. There are currently no effective disease modifying treatments for AD, resulting in increasingly large socioeconomic and personal costs. Increasing age is associated with an increase in low-grade chronic inflammation (inflammaging) that may contribute to the neurodegenerative process in AD. Although the exact mechanisms remain unclear, aberrant elevation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) levels from several endogenous and exogenous processes in the brain may not only affect cell signaling, but also trigger cellular senescence, inflammation, and pyroptosis. Moreover, a compromised immune privilege of the brain that allows the infiltration of peripheral immune cells and infectious agents may play a role. Additionally, meta-inflammation as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis may drive the neuroinflammatory process. Considering that inflammatory/immune pathways are dysregulated in parallel with cognitive dysfunction in AD, elucidating the relationship between the central nervous system and the immune system may facilitate the development of a safe and effective therapy for AD. We discuss some current ideas on processes in inflammaging that appear to drive the neurodegenerative process in AD and summarize details on a few immunomodulatory strategies being developed to selectively target the detrimental aspects of neuroinflammation without affecting defense mechanisms against pathogens and tissue damage.

read more

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Malnutrition in Older Adults-Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges.

TL;DR: A comprehensive narrative review summarizes current evidence on the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition in old adults spanning from age-related changes to disease-associated risk factors, and outlines remaining challenges in the understanding, identification as well as treatment of malnutrition, which in some cases may include targeted supplementation of macro-and/or micronutrients, when diet alone is not sufficient to meet age-specific requirements.
Journal ArticleDOI

Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments

TL;DR: Solving Neurodegeneration as mentioned in this paper is a virtual meeting focused on uncovering common mechanistic roots of neurodegenerative disease and promising targets for new treatments, catalyzed by the goal of finding new treatments for glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness and the common interest of the three hosting foundations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments

TL;DR: Solving Neurodegeneration as discussed by the authors is a virtual meeting focused on uncovering common mechanistic roots of neurodegenerative disease and promising targets for new treatments, catalyzed by the goal of finding new treatments for glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness and the common interest of the three hosting foundations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Forsythoside A Mitigates Alzheimer's-like Pathology by Inhibiting Ferroptosis-mediated Neuroinflammation via Nrf2/GPX4 Axis Activation

TL;DR: In male APP/PS1 mice, FA treatment ameliorated memory and cognitive impairments and suppressed Aβ deposition and p-tau levels in the brain and highlight its therapeutic potential as a drug component for AD treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gut–Brain Axis as a Pathological and Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

TL;DR: The evolving notion that GBA stands as an equally sensitive pathological marker of NDDs, particularly in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and chronic stroke is highlighted, and GBA represents a potent therapeutic target for treating N DDs.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

The Hallmarks of Aging

TL;DR: Nine tentative hallmarks that represent common denominators of aging in different organisms are enumerated, with special emphasis on mammalian aging, to identify pharmaceutical targets to improve human health during aging, with minimal side effects.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families

TL;DR: The APOE-epsilon 4 allele is associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer9s disease (AD) in 42 families with late onset AD.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

Michael T. Heneka, +41 more
- 01 Apr 2015 - 
TL;DR: Genome-wide analysis suggests that several genes that increase the risk for sporadic Alzheimer's disease encode factors that regulate glial clearance of misfolded proteins and the inflammatory reaction.
Related Papers (5)
Trending Questions (2)
What are the specific mechanisms by which inflammation affects brain function in Alzheimer's patients?

In Alzheimer's disease, inflammation may impact brain function through elevated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, cellular senescence, immune cell infiltration, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Is neuroinflammation in alzheimers always associated with impaired cognition?

Yes, inflammatory/immune pathways are dysregulated in parallel with cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.