Neuroprotective Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
01 Jan 2002-
About: The article was published on 2002-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Parkinson's disease.
Citations
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TL;DR: This review summarises recent applications of SPECT imaging in the study of parkinsonian disorders, with particular reference to the increasing role it is playing in the understanding, diagnosis and management of these diseases.
Abstract: Parkinsonian symptoms are associated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy Pathological evidence has shown clearly that these disorders are associated with a loss of neurons, particularly in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) now are able to visualise and quantify changes in cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, and dopaminergic function produced by parkinsonian disorders Both PET and SPECT have become important tools in the differential diagnosis of these diseases, and may have sufficient sensitivity to detect neuronal changes before the onset of clinical symptoms Imaging is now being utilised to elucidate the genetic contribution to Parkinson's disease, and in longitudinal studies to assess the efficacy and mode of action of neuroprotective drug and surgical treatments This review summarises recent applications of SPECT imaging in the study of parkinsonian disorders, with particular reference to the increasing role it is playing in the understanding, diagnosis and management of these diseases
21 citations
Cites background from "Neuroprotective Therapy for Parkins..."
...However, it is unclear whether these drugs operate solely by enhancing the levels of endogenous dopamine, or by a true neuroprotective quality in slowing down or reversing the degeneration of dopamine neurons [72]....
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TL;DR: NLC represent good strategies to encapsulate lipophilic LD co-drugs, although further studies aimed to deeply evaluate anti-parkinsonian effects in vivo have to be carried on.
20 citations
Cites background from "Neuroprotective Therapy for Parkins..."
...Complications are associated with LD long-term therapy [7]....
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TL;DR: The present work details the physicochemical characterization of a series of alkanoyl-10-O-minocycline derivatives, which are able to produce self-assembled aggregates in aqueous solution and can be regarded not only as long-acting antimicrobial agents but also as candidate drugs for a targeted treatment of mental illness.
11 citations
Cites background from "Neuroprotective Therapy for Parkins..."
...…years have seen the introduction of a new concept in reating neurodegenerative diseases, namely neuroprotective herapy (Buccafusco and Terry, 2000; Koller, 1997), developed o interfere with the pathogenesis of neuronal cell death, rucial in disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amytrophic…...
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TL;DR: Os autores não têm interesse comercial ou financeiro em nenhum dos instrumentos ou técnicas descritas nesse trabalho.
Abstract: Trabalho realizado no Serviço de Glaucoma do Hospital São Geraldo da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG). 1 Doutor em Oftalmologia pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Pós-Doutorado, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York Medical College, USA. 2 Professor Titular do Departamento de Oftalmologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. 3 Serviço de Glaucoma do Hospital São Geraldo da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. 4 Serviço de Glaucoma do Instituto da Visão, Minas Gerais. Os autores não têm interesse comercial ou financeiro em nenhum dos instrumentos ou técnicas descritas nesse trabalho.
3 citations
Cites background from "Neuroprotective Therapy for Parkins..."
...Rodrigues MC, Obeso JA, Olanow CW. Subthalamic nucleus-mediated excitotoxicity in Parkinson’s disease: a target for neuroprotection....
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...Koller WC. Neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson’s disease....
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...Ziy I, Offen D, Barzilai A et al. Modulation of control mechanisms of dopamine-induced apoptosis - a future approach to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease?...
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...Olanow CW, Jenner P, Brooks D. Dopamine agonists and neuroprotection in Parkinson’s disease....
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...Bowers WJ, Howard DF, Federoff HJ. Gene therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection: implications for Parkinson’s disease....
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The aim is to discuss agents that might have neuroprotective properties so that the selection of such drugs or supplements would be based on proper evidences.
Abstract: Introduction Parkinson disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, is a movement disorder manifested by bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural instability and rigidity. It is an idiopathic, chronic and progressive syndrome that affects both physical and mental functions (13). As for the etiology of the disease, most cases are of unknown origin (idiopathic PD). Genetic, environmental factors (e.g. toxin exposure) and age related changes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, free radical production causes oxidative and nitrosative stress which is linked to inflammation and leads to cell death and neuro-degeneration (1, 2, 4, 5). Figure 1 shows how neuroinflammation and oxidative stress can damage dopaminergic neurons in patients who suffer from PD (6). In vivo and In vitro studies show that neuroinflammation has a role in PD and serum levels of interleukin 2, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α, interleukin6, nitric oxide and others are increased in these patients. Also antibodies against oxidized dopamine have been found in the sera of above patients. In addition, some oxidative factors like interleukin 6 and 1β, TNFα, osteopontin are present in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with PD. Epidemiologic studies show that individuals who take non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have a lower risk of developing PD. This risk is also low in people who take two or more tablets of aspirin (6). Neuroprotection should be considered for prevention of further loss of neurons in substantia nigra especially for patients with early clinical signs of disease (6). In the substantia nigra of PD patients, protective mechanisms are impaired and the brain is more susceptible to oxidants and reduced glutathione (GSH) -a potent antioxidantlevel is seen in these patinets. The combination of excessive oxyradical formation in an environment deficient in GSH and other defense pathways may be one of the primary mechanisms of neurodegeneration in PD (4, 5, 7, 8). A major hypothesis for the pathogenesis of PD is that neurotoxicity caused by free radicals leads to neuronal cell loss through overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Pharmacotherapy for PD improves patients’ symptoms, but its influence on neuroprotection has not yet been established. At the present time, no specific drug or supplement can be recommended for neuroprotection and for controlling the progression of PD (9-11). Our aim is to discuss agents that might have neuroprotective properties so that the selection of such drugs or supplements would be based on proper evidences.
3 citations
References
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TL;DR: This review summarises recent applications of SPECT imaging in the study of parkinsonian disorders, with particular reference to the increasing role it is playing in the understanding, diagnosis and management of these diseases.
Abstract: Parkinsonian symptoms are associated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy Pathological evidence has shown clearly that these disorders are associated with a loss of neurons, particularly in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) now are able to visualise and quantify changes in cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, and dopaminergic function produced by parkinsonian disorders Both PET and SPECT have become important tools in the differential diagnosis of these diseases, and may have sufficient sensitivity to detect neuronal changes before the onset of clinical symptoms Imaging is now being utilised to elucidate the genetic contribution to Parkinson's disease, and in longitudinal studies to assess the efficacy and mode of action of neuroprotective drug and surgical treatments This review summarises recent applications of SPECT imaging in the study of parkinsonian disorders, with particular reference to the increasing role it is playing in the understanding, diagnosis and management of these diseases
21 citations
TL;DR: NLC represent good strategies to encapsulate lipophilic LD co-drugs, although further studies aimed to deeply evaluate anti-parkinsonian effects in vivo have to be carried on.
20 citations
TL;DR: The present work details the physicochemical characterization of a series of alkanoyl-10-O-minocycline derivatives, which are able to produce self-assembled aggregates in aqueous solution and can be regarded not only as long-acting antimicrobial agents but also as candidate drugs for a targeted treatment of mental illness.
11 citations
TL;DR: Os autores não têm interesse comercial ou financeiro em nenhum dos instrumentos ou técnicas descritas nesse trabalho.
Abstract: Trabalho realizado no Serviço de Glaucoma do Hospital São Geraldo da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG). 1 Doutor em Oftalmologia pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Pós-Doutorado, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York Medical College, USA. 2 Professor Titular do Departamento de Oftalmologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. 3 Serviço de Glaucoma do Hospital São Geraldo da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. 4 Serviço de Glaucoma do Instituto da Visão, Minas Gerais. Os autores não têm interesse comercial ou financeiro em nenhum dos instrumentos ou técnicas descritas nesse trabalho.
3 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The aim is to discuss agents that might have neuroprotective properties so that the selection of such drugs or supplements would be based on proper evidences.
Abstract: Introduction Parkinson disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, is a movement disorder manifested by bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural instability and rigidity. It is an idiopathic, chronic and progressive syndrome that affects both physical and mental functions (13). As for the etiology of the disease, most cases are of unknown origin (idiopathic PD). Genetic, environmental factors (e.g. toxin exposure) and age related changes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, free radical production causes oxidative and nitrosative stress which is linked to inflammation and leads to cell death and neuro-degeneration (1, 2, 4, 5). Figure 1 shows how neuroinflammation and oxidative stress can damage dopaminergic neurons in patients who suffer from PD (6). In vivo and In vitro studies show that neuroinflammation has a role in PD and serum levels of interleukin 2, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α, interleukin6, nitric oxide and others are increased in these patients. Also antibodies against oxidized dopamine have been found in the sera of above patients. In addition, some oxidative factors like interleukin 6 and 1β, TNFα, osteopontin are present in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with PD. Epidemiologic studies show that individuals who take non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have a lower risk of developing PD. This risk is also low in people who take two or more tablets of aspirin (6). Neuroprotection should be considered for prevention of further loss of neurons in substantia nigra especially for patients with early clinical signs of disease (6). In the substantia nigra of PD patients, protective mechanisms are impaired and the brain is more susceptible to oxidants and reduced glutathione (GSH) -a potent antioxidantlevel is seen in these patinets. The combination of excessive oxyradical formation in an environment deficient in GSH and other defense pathways may be one of the primary mechanisms of neurodegeneration in PD (4, 5, 7, 8). A major hypothesis for the pathogenesis of PD is that neurotoxicity caused by free radicals leads to neuronal cell loss through overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Pharmacotherapy for PD improves patients’ symptoms, but its influence on neuroprotection has not yet been established. At the present time, no specific drug or supplement can be recommended for neuroprotection and for controlling the progression of PD (9-11). Our aim is to discuss agents that might have neuroprotective properties so that the selection of such drugs or supplements would be based on proper evidences.
3 citations