Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parity Nonconservation
TL;DR: In weak-interaction models with spontaneous parity nonconservation, this article obtained the following formula for the neutrino mass, valid for each lepton generation, which relates the maximality of observed parity non-conservation at low energies to the smallness of neutrinos masses.
Abstract: In weak-interaction models with spontaneous parity nonconservation, based on the gauge group $\mathrm{SU}{(2)}_{L}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\mathrm{SU}{(2)}_{R}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\mathrm{U}(1)$, we obtain the following formula for the neutrino mass: ${m}_{{\ensuremath{
u}}_{e}}\ensuremath{\simeq}\frac{{{m}_{e}}^{2}}{g{m}_{{W}_{R}}}$, where ${W}_{R}$ is the gauge boson which mediates right-handed weak interactions. This formula, valid for each lepton generation, relates the maximality of observed parity nonconservation at low energies to the smallness of neutrino masses.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the prediction for BR(μ→e,γ) is in general larger than the experimental upper bound, especially if the largest Yakawa coupling is O (1) and the solar data are explained by a large angle MSW effect, which recent analyses suggest as the preferred scenario.
1,178 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed analysis of the performance of the Large Hadron Collider (CMS) at 14 TeV and compare it with the state-of-the-art analytical tools.
Abstract: CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability of the CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at the TeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking--through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry out this task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as the Higgs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles, from the start-up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale may manifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb−1 or less. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to study in great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysis on CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge the performance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decay channels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' and supersymmetric particles, Bs production and processes in heavy ion collisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtle effects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment. Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studied for a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and also in theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminosities ranging from 1 fb−1 to 30 fb−1. The Standard Model processes include QCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quark properties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z0 boson properties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studied for many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs boson properties can be derived is determined. About ten different supersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. The CMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering a large variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach for a plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notably extra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgs models, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between models have been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1, the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6 describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons, jets, missing ET, B-mesons and τ's, and for quarkonia in heavy ion collisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Model processes, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model
973 citations
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model for accelerating a particle to >100 TeV using cosmic rays and neutrino-induced muons, which they call cosmic ray showers.
Abstract: Preface 1. Cosmic rays 2. Particle physics 3. Cascade equations 4. Hadrons and photons 5. Accelerator data 6. Muons 7. Neutrinos 8. Neutrino-induced muons 9. Propagation 10. Gamma rays and antiprotons 11. Acceleration 12. Acceleration to >100 TeV 13. Astrophysical beam dumps 14. Air showers 15. Electromagnetic cascades 16. Cosmic ray showers 17. Simulation techniques References Index.
965 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the extension of the standard model by three right-handed neutrinos with masses smaller than the electroweak scale (the νMSM) can explain simultaneously dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe and be consistent with the experiments on neutrino oscillations.
915 citations
TL;DR: The theoretical and experimental issues relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay are reviewed in this paper, with significant emphasis on proposals favored by recent panel reviews, and the importance of and challenges in the calculation of nuclear matrix elements that govern the decay are considered in detail.
Abstract: The theoretical and experimental issues relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay are reviewed. The impact that a direct observation of this exotic process would have on elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology is profound. Now that neutrinos are known to have mass and experiments are becoming more sensitive, even the nonobservation of neutrinoless double beta decay will be useful. If the process is actually observed, we will immediately learn much about the neutrino. The status and discovery potential of proposed experiments are reviewed in this context, with significant emphasis on proposals favored by recent panel reviews. The importance of and challenges in the calculation of nuclear matrix elements that govern the decay are considered in detail. The increasing sensitivity of experiments and improvements in nuclear theory make the future exciting for this field at the interface of nuclear and particle physics.
887 citations
Cites background or methods from "Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parit..."
...Light sterile neutrinos might seem unlikely, but can be produced by the see-saw mechanism (Gell-Mann et al., 1979; Mohapatra and Senjanovic, 1980; Yanagida, 1979) if a symmetry makes the Majorana mass matrix singular (Chikira et al., 2000; Chun et al., 1998; Goldman et al., 2000; Stephenson Jr et…...
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...We can also use the one-flavor case to illustrate the “see-saw” mechanism, a natural explanation for the existence of light Majorana neutrinos (Gell-Mann et al., 1979; Mohapatra and Senjanovic, 1980; Yanagida, 1979)....
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