New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendrobium gibsonii and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity.
TL;DR: Two new compounds, dihydrodengibsinin and dendrogibsol, were isolated from the whole plant of Dendrobium gibsonii, together with seven known compounds and it was revealed that dendrogramibsol is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase.
Abstract: Two new compounds, dihydrodengibsinin (1) and dendrogibsol (2), were isolated from the whole plant of Dendrobium gibsonii, together with seven known compounds (3-9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their spectroscopic data. All these isolates were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Dendrogibsol (2) and lusianthridin (7) showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity when compared with acarbose. An enzyme kinetic study revealed that dendrogibsol (2) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase.
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TL;DR: In this paper, four new phenanthrene derivatives, gastrobellinols A-D (1−4), were isolated from the methanolic extract of Gastrochilus bellinus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, along with eleven known phenolic compounds including agrostophyllin (5), agrostopyllidin (6), coniferyl aldehyde (7), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (8), agstophyllone (9), gigantol (10), 4-(methoxylmethyl)
Abstract: Four new phenanthrene derivatives, gastrobellinols A-D (1–4), were isolated from the methanolic extract of Gastrochilus bellinus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, along with eleven known phenolic compounds including agrostophyllin (5), agrostophyllidin (6), coniferyl aldehyde (7), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (8), agrostophyllone (9), gigantol (10), 4-(methoxylmethyl)phenol (11), syringaldehyde (12), 1-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-imbricartin (13), 6-methoxycoelonin (14), and imbricatin (15). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Each isolate was evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 13, and 15 showed higher activity than the drug acarbose. Gastrobellinol C (3) exhibited the strongest α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 45.92 μM. A kinetic study of 3 showed competitive inhibition on the α-glucosidase enzyme. This is the first report on the phytochemical constituents and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of G. bellinus.
4 citations
17 Feb 2021
TL;DR: A phytochemical investigation on the whole plants of Aerides multiflora revealed the presence of three new biphenanthrene derivatives named aerimultins A-C (1, 3), and a new natural phenylpropanoid ester dihydrosinapyl dihydroferulate (4), together with six known compounds (5, 10).
Abstract: A phytochemical investigation on the whole plants of Aerides multiflora revealed the presence of three new biphenanthrene derivatives named aerimultins A–C (1–3) and a new natural phenylpropanoid ester dihydrosinapyl dihydroferulate (4), together with six known compounds (5–10). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data. All of the isolates were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Aerimultin C (3) showed the most potent activity. The other compounds, except for compound 4, also exhibited stronger activity than the positive control acarbose. Compound 3 showed non-competitive inhibition of the enzyme as determined from a Lineweaver–Burk plot. This study is the first phytochemical and biological investigation of A. multiflora.
3 citations
TL;DR: The findings prove that D. heterocarpum is a promising source to explore bioactive molecules capable of modulating adipocytic growth and development, which can potentially be assessed and innovated further as pharmaceutical products to defeat obesity.
Abstract: Although many natural products have proven their potential to regulate obesity through the modulation of adipocyte biology, none of them has yet been approved for clinical use in obesity therapy. This work aims to isolate valuable secondary metabolites from an orchid species (Dendrobium heterocarpum) and evaluate their possible roles in the growth and differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Six compounds were isolated from the orchid’s methanolic extracts and identified as amoenylin (1), methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (2), 3,4-dihydroxy-5,4’-dimethoxybibenzyl (3), dendrocandin B (4), dendrofalconerol A (5), and syringaresinol (6). Among these phytochemicals, compounds 2, 3, and 6 exhibited lower effects on the viability of 3T3-L1 cells, offering non-cytotoxic concentrations of ≲ 10 µM. Compared to others tested, compound 3 was responsible for the maximum reduction of lipid storage in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (IC50 = 6.30 ± 0.10 µM). A set of protein expression studies unveiled that compound 3 at non-cytotoxic doses could suppress the expression of some key transcription factors in adipocyte differentiation (i.e., PPARγ and C/EBPα). Furthermore, this compound could deactivate some proteins involved in the MAPK pathways (i.e., JNK, ERK, and p38). Our findings prove that D. heterocarpum is a promising source to explore bioactive molecules capable of modulating adipocytic growth and development, which can potentially be assessed and innovated further as pharmaceutical products to defeat obesity.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , three new selaginellin derivatives, selaginpulvilins V•X (1, 3), together with seven known analogs (4, 10) were isolated from whole plants of Selaginella pulvinata.
Abstract: Three new selaginellin derivatives, selaginpulvilins V‐X (1–3), together with seven known analogs (4–10) were isolated from whole plants of Selaginella pulvinata. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS and chemical derivatization method. Compound 1 represents a rare example of naturally occurring selaginellin with an alkynylphenol‐trimmed skeleton. Biological evaluation showed that compounds 2, 6 and 8 displayed moderate inhibition against α‐glucosidase with IC50 values of 3.71, 2.04 and 4.00 μM, respectively.
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TL;DR: The present review focuses on constituents isolated from different plants having α-glucosidase inhibitory potency along with IC50 values, which can retard the liberation of d-Glucose from dietary complex carbohydrates and delay glucose absorption, resulting in reduced postprandial plasma glucose levels and suppression of postpr andial hyperglycemia.
Abstract: Diabetes is a common metabolic disease characterized by abnormally high plasma glucose levels, leading to major complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases. One of the effective managements of diabetes mellitus, in particular, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia, is to retard the absorption of glucose by inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase, in the digestive organs. α-Glucosidase is the key enzyme catalyzing the final step in the digestive process of carbohydrates. Hence, α-glucosidase inhibitors can retard the liberation of d-glucose from dietary complex carbohydrates and delay glucose absorption, resulting in reduced postprandial plasma glucose levels and suppression of postprandial hyperglycemia. In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify effective α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources in order to develop a physiologic functional food or lead compounds for use against diabetes. Many α-glucosidase inhibitors that are phytoconstituents, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids,anthocyanins, glycosides, phenolic compounds, and so on, have been isolated from plants. In the present review, we focus on the constituents isolated from different plants having α-glucosidase inhibitory potency along with IC50 values.
550 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that brown seaweed extracts may limit the release of simple sugars from the gut and thereby alleviate postprandial hyperglycaemia.
334 citations
"New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendr..." refers background in this paper
...α-Glucosidase is one of the key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions [4]....
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TL;DR: Compounds with α -glucosidase inhibitory activity are abundant in nature and can be obtained from several sources, and they can be clinically developed for treating diabetes mellitus.
300 citations
"New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendr..." refers methods in this paper
...α-Glucosidase enzymes obtained from yeast, rat intestine and mouse intestine have been used as screening tools for identifying potential α-GI agents [9]....
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TL;DR: The present study reviews the traditional therapeutic uses of orchidaceous preparations with its recent advances in pharmacological investigations that would be a useful reference for plant drug researches, especially in orchids.
287 citations
"New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendr..." refers background in this paper
...They can be also used to cure kidney, lung and stomach diseases; red tongue; inflammation; dry mouth; hyperglycemia; and diabetes [14]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the inhibitory effect of Morinda lucida leaf extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. This may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and α-glucosidase inhibitors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Morinda lucida leaf extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This was performed using α-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae and α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Aqueous extract of Morinda lucida gave the highest percentage yield (9.99%) of the plant out of the three extracts (compared to acetone and ethanolic extracts) and possesses the highest inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 value of 2.30 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 value of 2.00 mg/mL). Kinetic analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of this plant leaf inhibited the α-amylase competitively but displayed mixed noncompetitive mode of inhibition towards α-glucosidase. It can be concluded that aqueous extract of Morinda lucida exhibited the best inhibitory activity on the two enzymes studied and the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, saponins, and tannins may have contributed greatly to the inhibitory activity of the plant extract.
212 citations