New service development: areas for exploitation and exploration
01 Apr 2002-Journal of Operations Management (No longer published by Elsevier)-Vol. 20, Iss: 2, pp 135-157
TL;DR: The management of new service development (NSD) has become an important competitive concern in many service industries as discussed by the authors, however, NSD remains among the least studied and understood topics in the service management literature.
About: This article is published in Journal of Operations Management.The article was published on 2002-04-01. It has received 688 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Service system & New product development.
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TL;DR: Product service systems (PSS) have been heralded as one of the most effective instruments for moving society towards a resource-efficient, circular economy and creating a much needed "resource revolution" as mentioned in this paper.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify 16 topics relevant to marketing science, which they classify under five research fields: consumer response to innovation, including attempts to measure consumer innovative-ness, models of new product growth, and recent ideas on network externalities.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify 16 topics relevant to marketing science, which they classify under five research fields: consumer response to innovation, including attempts to measure consumer innovativeness, models of new product growth, and recent ideas on network externalities; organizations and innovation, which are increasingly important as product development becomes more complex and tools more effective but demanding.
Abstract: Innovation is one of the most important issues in business research today. It has been studied in many independent research traditions. Our understanding and study of innovation can benefit from an integrative review of these research traditions. In so doing, we identify 16 topics relevant to marketing science, which we classify under five research fields:
Consumer response to innovation, including attempts to measure consumer innovativeness, models of new product growth, and recent ideas on network externalities; Organizations and innovation, which are increasingly important as product development becomes more complex and tools more effective but demanding;.
Market entry strategies, which includes recent research on technology revolution, extensive marketing science research on strategies for entry, and issues of portfolio management;
Prescriptive techniques for product development processes, which have been transformed through global pressures, increasingly accurate customer input, Web-based communication for dispersed and global product design, and new tools for dealing with complexity over time and across product lines;
Defending against market entry and capturing the rewards of innovating, which includes extensive marketing science research on strategies of defense, managing through metrics, and rewards to entrants.
For each topic, we summarize key concepts and highlight research challenges. For prescriptive research topics, we also review current thinking and applications. For descriptive topics, we review key findings.
956 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a framework for conducting case studies examining how smart cities were being implemented in San Francisco and Seoul Metropolitan City by integrating various practical perspectives with a consideration of smart city characteristics taken from the literature.
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Cites background from "New service development: areas for ..."
...[36] borrow March [33] notion of exploitation (meaning ‘persuading further leveraging and refinement’) and exploration (meaning the ‘identification of newareas or domains...
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References
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01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The essence of strategy formulation is coping with competition as mentioned in this paper... Yet it is easy to view competition too narrowly and too pessimistically, while one sometimes hears executives complaining to the contrary, intense competition in an industry is neither coincidence nor bad luck.
Abstract: The essence of strategy formulation is coping with competition. Yet it is easy to view competition too narrowly and too pessimistically. While one sometimes hears executives complaining to the contrary, intense competition in an industry is neither coincidence nor bad luck.
3,285 citations
02 Mar 2000
3,117 citations
"New service development: areas for ..." refers background in this paper
...Further, the NPD literature has developed descriptions of the architecture, modularity, and inherent variety of different products (Baldwin and Clark, 2000; Sanderson and Uzumeri, 1996; Ulrich, 1995; Henderson and Clark, 1990)....
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TL;DR: A structural model based on the previous conceptual model of flow that embodies the components of what makes for a compelling online experience is developed and provides marketing scientists with operational definitions of key model constructs and establishes reliability and validity in a comprehensive measurement framework.
Abstract: Intuition and previous research suggest that creating a compelling online environment for Web consumers will have numerous positive consequences for commercial Web providers. Online executives note that creating a compelling online experience for cyber customers is critical to creating competitive advantage on the Internet. Yet, very little is known about the factors that make using the Web a compelling experience for its users, and of the key consumer behavior outcomes of this compelling experience.Recently, the flow construct has been proposed as important for understanding consumer behavior on the World Wide Web, and as a way of defining the nature of compelling online experience. Although widely studied over the past 20 years, quantitative modeling efforts of the flow construct have been neither systematic nor comprehensive. In large parts, these efforts have been hampered by considerable confusion regarding the exact conceptual definition of flow. Lacking precise definition, it has been difficult to measure flow empirically, let alone apply the concept in practice.Following the conceptual model of flow proposed by Hoffman and Novak (1996), we conceptualize flow on the Web as a cognitive state experienced during navigation that is determined by (1) high levels of skill and control; (2) high levels of challenge and arousal; and (3) focused attention; and (4) is enhanced by interactivity and telepresence. Consumers who achieve flow on the Web are so acutely involved in the act of online navigation that thoughts and perceptions not relevant to navigation are screened out, and the consumer focuses entirely on the interaction. Concentration on the navigation experience is so intense that there is little attention left to consider anything else, and consequently, other events occurring in the consumer's surrounding physical environment lose significance. Self-consciousness disappears, the consumer's sense of time becomes distorted, and the state of mind arising as a result of achieving flow on the Web is extremely gratifying.In a quantitative modeling framework, we develop a structural model based on our previous conceptual model of flow that embodies the components of what makes for a compelling online experience. We use data collected from a largesample, Web-based consumer survey to measure these constructs, and we fit a series of structural equation models that test related prior theory. The conceptual model is largely supported, and the improved fit offered by the revised model provides additional insights into the direct and indirect influences of flow, as well as into the relationship of flow to key consumer behavior and Web usage variables.Our formulation provides marketing scientists with operational definitions of key model constructs and establishes reliability and validity in a comprehensive measurement framework. A key insight from the paper is that the degree to which the online experience is compelling can be defined, measured, and related well to important marketing variables. Our model constructs relate in significant ways to key consumer behavior variables, including online shopping and Web use applications such as the extent to which consumers search for product information and participate in chat rooms. As such, our model may be useful both theoretically and in practice as marketers strive to decipher the secrets of commercial success in interactive online environments.
2,881 citations
"New service development: areas for ..." refers background in this paper
...Discussions about the Internet “service experience” tend to focus on the front-office elements that appear on the customers’ screens (Novak et al., 2000; Zeithaml et al., 2000)....
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Book•
01 Apr 1999
TL;DR: Pine and Gilmore as discussed by the authors argue that experience is the missing link between a company and its potential audience, and show new rich examples including the U.S. Army, Heineken Experience, Autostadt, Vinopolis, American Girl Place, and others.
Abstract: In 1999, Joseph Pine and James Gilmore offered this idea to readers as a new way to think about connecting with customers and securing their loyalty. As a result, their book "The Experience Economy" is now a classic, embraced by readers and companies worldwide and read in more than a dozen languages. And though the world has changed in many ways since then, the way to a customer's heart has not. In fact, the idea of staging experiences to leave a memorable and lucrative impression is now more relevant than ever. With an ongoing torrent of brands attacking consumers from all sides, how do you make yours stand out? Welcome to the new "Experience Economy". With this fully updated edition of this book, Pine and Gilmore make an even stronger case that experience is the missing link between a company and its potential audience. It offers new rich examples including the U.S. Army, Heineken Experience, Autostadt, Vinopolis, American Girl Place, and others to show fresh approaches to scripting and staging compelling experiences, while staying true to the very real economic conditions of the day.
2,653 citations
"New service development: areas for ..." refers background in this paper
...However, opportunities exist along either foci to explore the design and development of service experiences (Gupta and Vajic, 2000; Pine and Gilmore, 1999)....
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...The fundamental list of “barriers to entry” is attributed to Porter (1979): economies of scale, product differentiation, capital requirements, etc....
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Book•
14 Sep 2011TL;DR: The paper is intended to raise awareness of the far-reaching implications of the architecture of the product, to create a vocabulary for discussing and addressing the decisions and issues that are linked to product architecture, and to identify and discuss specific trade-offs associated with the choice of a product architecture.
Abstract: Product architecture is the scheme by which the function of a product is allocated to physical components. This paper further defines product architecture, provides a typology of product architectures, and articulates the potential linkages between the architecture of the product and five areas of managerial importance: (1) product change; (2) product variety; (3) component standardization; (4) product performance; and (5) product development management. The paper is conceptual and foundational, synthesizing fragments from several different disciplines, including software engineering, design theory, operations management and product development management. The paper is intended to raise awareness of the far-reaching implications of the architecture of the product, to create a vocabulary for discussing and addressing the decisions and issues that are linked to product architecture, and to identify and discuss specific trade-offs associated with the choice of a product architecture.
2,603 citations