Noise emitted from road, rail and air traffic and their effects on sleep
TL;DR: The equivalent noise level seems to be a suitable predictor for subjectively evaluated sleep quality but not for physiological sleep disturbances, where physiological sleep parameters were most severely affected by rail noise.
About: This article is published in Journal of Sound and Vibration.The article was published on 2006-08-08. It has received 180 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Noise & Aircraft noise.
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TL;DR: In the present study relations between the level of impulse sounds and the observed proportion of behaviorally confirmed awakening reactions were determined and various explanations for the enhanced awakening probability are discussed.
Abstract: In the present study relations between the level of impulse sounds and the observed proportion of behaviorally confirmed awakening reactions were determined. The sounds (shooting sounds, bangs produced by door slamming or by container transshipment, aircraft landings) were presented by means of loudspeakers in the bedrooms of 50 volunteers. The fragments for the impulse sounds consisted of single or multiple events. The sounds were presented during a 6-h period that started 75 min after the subjects wanted to sleep. In order to take account of habituation, each subject participated during 18 nights. At equal indoor A-weighted sound exposure levels, the proportion of awakening for the single impulse sounds was equal to that for the aircraft sounds. The proportion of awakening induced by the multiple impulse sounds, however, was significantly higher. For obtaining the same rate of awakening, the sound level of each of the successive impulses in a fragment had to be about 15-25 dB lower than the level of one single impulse. This level difference was largely independent of the degree of habituation. Various explanations for the enhanced awakening probability are discussed. © 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used daily variation in aircraft landing approaches to instrument noise levels to identify the causal effect of noise pollution, and found that increasing background noise by 4.1 decibels causes a 6.6% increase in the violent crime rate.
5 citations
01 Jan 2014
5 citations
Dissertation•
21 May 2013
TL;DR: The hypothesis was that individuals residing within fifteen hundred meters of a WT experience poorer sleep, compared to those who do not reside near a WT, and co-variation between variables, noise thresholds for sleep disturbance, and risk for poor sleep quality was determined.
Abstract: Background: Wind turbines (WTs) are an emerging source of renewable energy in Ontario. One concern is that aerodynamic and mechanical noise produced by the WTs results in sleep disturbance in residents living near such facilities. However, evidence to date is primarily self-reported, with no objectivemeasures of the impact on sleep quality currently in the literature. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of a grid connected WT is a risk factor for poor sleep quality and if wind turbine noise is associated with sleep parameters. The hypothesis was that individuals residing within fifteen hundred meters of aWT experience poorer sleep, compared to those who do not reside near a WT. Methods: A daily sleep diary and actigraphy-derived measures of sleep quality were obtained from twelve participants from a WT community in rural Ontario and ten participants from a comparison community with no wind power installations. Sound level meters were used to assess the equivalent (LAeq) and maximum (LAmax) sound pressure levels within the bedroom. A variety of statistical analysis were performed to determine co-variation between variables, noise thresholds for sleep disturbance, and risk for poor sleep quality. Results: A total of 110 person-nights and 12,971 sleep epochs were observed. Participants in the exposed group lived at a mean distance of 795 m from the closest WT (range 474m–1085m). Although numerous actigraphy sleep parameters were poorer in the exposed group, including lower average sleep efficiency (89% vs. 92%), longer sleep onset latency (6 min vs. 4 min), and longer wake after sleep onset (42 min vs. 29 min), the differences were not statistically significant. When the data was dichotomized by quality of sleep, the prevalence of poor sleep in the exposed group was greater than in the
5 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an analytical approach that space needs to be supported by the method of the Geographic Information System, which is a method to demonstrate the ability of spatial information, and can display visually.
Abstract: One of the most developed cities nowadays is Jakarta. Jakarta as the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia is a metropolitan region with a population of more than 9.9 million people (BPS, 2013). One of the environmental impacts is noise problem. The problem in urban areas is an urgent matter because it has direct impact on health of inhabitants. Motor vehicles are major sources of noise (Doelle, 1993). According to Satriyo (2008), the overall noise level in the city of Jakarta is very high. For example, the noise in the Semanggi area measured to 68.7-69.5 dB (A). Another measurement (Martono et al., 2004) stated at the Sudirman areas, it demonstrates the value of 66.95-71.28 dB (A). Values that have passed the standard noise level for residential areas, based on the Regulation of the Indonesian Minister of Environment (1996), which amounted to 55 dB (A). The quality standard is used for residential areas, because until now there is no noise quality standard for urban areas. While the quality standard for office area is 70 dB (A). The objectives of this study are two folds: (a) to determine the noise source and level in Jakarta and (b) to create a model for propagation of noise. This study was conducted in August 2013 to August 2014 in the heart of the city, especially along Sudirman road, of Jakarta. The area chosen not only it is a major area, but also it has concentrations of offices, housing, green areas and industrial activities. This area is the central business in Jakarta. Noise level measurements carried out at 64 points affecting Sudirman street. A model of noise propagation built using inverse square law approach to the type of point source, involving excess attunuation which includes the atmosphere, soil condition and barrier. This study uses an analytical approach that space needs to be supported by the method of the Geographic Information System, which is a method to demonstrate the ability of spatial information, and can display visually. The instrument used was ArcView 3.2 program. This method serves to provide the following information: (a) The area being affected spatially or spread of noise distribution; (b) The most noisy location along the Sudirman. The closer the lines contained in the noise contour maps, the more noisy. The highest noise was in the middle of junction location between North-South and East-West; (c) contour map which is converted to dB (A) can provide information about the locations that have noise level of more than 85 dB (A) for the 8-hour exposure period. This location is catagorized as not healthy places for people who are staying in these areas; and (d) noise contour map gives information about a particular location with spatially gradual noise levels. According to the noise measurement result, Semanggi areas is the highest level of ambient noise with the range of 64.3 dB (A)-72.8 dB (A). The area with the lowest noise level is around Istana Negara (National Palace) with 52 dB(A)-56.3 dB(A). Meanwhile, the propagation of noise due to calculated model reduces from south to north of Sudirman line, and for west of Sudirman street the level remains high.
4 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1968
11,993 citations
TL;DR: Techniques of recording, scoring, and doubtful records are carefully considered, and Recommendations for abbreviations, types of pictorial representation, order of polygraphic tracings are suggested.
Abstract: With the vast research interest in sleep and dreams that has developed in the past 15 years, there is increasing evidence of noncomparibility of scoring of nocturnal electroencephalograph-electroculograph records from different laboratories. In 1967 a special session on scoring criteria was held at the seventh annual meeting of the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep. Under the auspices of the UCLA Brain Information, an ad hoc committee composed of some of the most active current researchers was formed in 1967 to develop a terminology and scoring system for universal use. It is the results of the labors of this group that is now published under the imprimatur of the National Institutes of Health. The presentation is beautifully clear. Techniques of recording, scoring, and doubtful records are carefully considered. Recommendations for abbreviations, types of pictorial representation, order of polygraphic tracings are suggested.
8,001 citations
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present technical prescriptions concerning the design and construction of agricultural or forestry tractors, as regards the rollover protection structures, as well as the approximation of the laws of the Member States to enable the EC typeapproval procedure provided for in Directive 2003/37/EC to be applied in respect of each type of tractor.
Abstract: (2) Directive 77/536/EEC is one of the separate Directives of the EC type-approval system provided for in Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approxi mation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors, as replaced by Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units ( 5 ), and lays down technical prescriptions concerning the design and construction of agricultural or forestry tractors, as regards the roll-over protection structures. Those technical prescriptions concern the approximation of the laws of the Member States to enable the EC type-approval procedure provided for in Directive 2003/37/EC to be applied in respect of each type of tractor. Consequently the provisions laid down in Directive 2003/37/EC relating to agricultural and forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units, apply to this Directive.
1,441 citations
TL;DR: Better estimates of the confidence intervals due to the improved model of the relationship between annoyance and noise exposure are provided, which is easier to use for practical calculations than the model itself.
Abstract: We present a model of the distribution of noise annoyance with the mean varying as a function of the noise exposure. Day-night level (DNL) and day-evening-night level (DENL) were used as noise descriptors. Because the entire annoyace distribution has been modeled, any annoyance measure that summarizes this distribution can be calculated from the model. We fitted the model to data from noise annoyance studies for aircraft, road traffic, and railways separately. Polynomial approximations of relationships implied by the model for the combinations of the following exposure and annoyance measures are presented: DNL or DENL, and percentage "highly annoyed" (cutoff at 72 on a scale of 0-100), percentage "annoyed" (cutoff at 50 on a scale of 0-100), or percentage (at least) "a little annoyed" (cutoff at 28 on a scale of 0-100). These approximations are very good, and they are easier to use for practical calculations than the model itself, because the model involves a normal distribution. Our results are based on the same data set that was used earlier to establish relationships between DNL and percentage highly annoyed. In this paper we provide better estimates of the confidence intervals due to the improved model of the relationship between annoyance and noise exposure. Moreover, relationships using descriptors other than DNL and percentage highly annoyed, which are presented here, have not been established earlier on the basis of a large dataset.
795 citations
"Noise emitted from road, rail and a..." refers background in this paper
...But the underlying concept of energy equivalence is debated, at least in view of a meta-analysis which, based on 55 social surveys with overall about 58 000 interviews, has clearly shown that aircraft annoys most and rail noise the least, whereas road traffic noise has an intermediate position [2,3]....
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...This ‘bonus’ bases on extended social surveys whereafter aircraft noise annoys most and rail noise the least, which was most clearly shown by the meta-analysis performed by Miedema and co-workers [2,3]....
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...Type of traffic noise The hypothesis adopted for this study bases firstly on the replicated observation that man responds more likely to meaningful than to neutral noises even during sleep [7,8] and secondly on a meta-analysis according to which aircraft noise annoys most and rail noise the least [2,3]....
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01 Jan 1968
734 citations
"Noise emitted from road, rail and a..." refers methods in this paper
...So, this study relied on the polysomnogram which was recorded and evaluated according to internationally accepted criteria [9]....
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...Polysomnogram The polysomnogram (2 EEG, 2 EOG, 1 EMG) was continuously recorded throughout the nights and evaluated according to international recommendations [9]....
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