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Journal ArticleDOI

Noise-induced hearing loss and portable radios with headphones

TL;DR: The results suggest that portable radios with headphones may be capable of causing permanent hearing loss in a large proportion of radio users.
About: This article is published in International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.The article was published on 1985-06-01. It has received 37 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Noise-induced hearing loss & Headphones.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on measured sound pressure levels across systems and the noise dose model recommended by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health for protecting the occupational worker, a maximum permissible noise dose would typically be reached within 1 hr of listening with the volume control set to 70% of maximum gain using supra-aural headphones.
Abstract: Objective:To measure the sound levels generated by the headphones of commercially available portable compact disc players and provide hearing healthcare providers with safety guidelines based on a theoretical noise dose model.Design:Using a Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustical Research and a p

175 citations


Cites background or methods or result from "Noise-induced hearing loss and port..."

  • ...Clark (1992), Catalano & Levin (1985), Rice, Breslin, & Roper (1987) and Rice, Rossini, & Olina (1987) described output levels from portable cassette players that are on par with those recorded in this study, and reported that a small but significant number of users who regularly listened to their…...

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  • ...Other researchers (Catalano & Levin, 1985; Kuras & Findlay, 1974; Lee, Senders, Gantz, & Otto, 1985) asked users of personal stereo systems to set the volume to their preferred listening levels, and then output levels were measured....

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  • ...Catalano & Levin (1985) used a noise dose model based on OSHA standards to report the results of their study of listening habits of college students....

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  • ...Catalano & Levin (1985) reported cassette players produced a level of 60 dBA at volume control setting “1” and 110–114 dBA at volume control setting “10.”...

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  • ...Similar to the efforts of Catalano & Levin (1985), this study provides guidelines based on measured levels and calculations of noise dose based occupational noise guidelines in an effort to suggest safe volume control levels....

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PatentDOI
TL;DR: Bone conduction personal audio listening devices as mentioned in this paper are worn behind one or both ears in substantially close contact with the mastoid bone of the listener, which can be used to block out ambient sounds.
Abstract: A bone conduction personal audio listening device and method is worn behind one or both ears in substantially close contact with the mastoid bone of the listener. The device is maintained on the listener's ear by hooking over the top of the ear, by hooking under the bottom of the ear, and by the contact with the mastoid bone. Due to placement of the device behind the listener's ear(s) ambient sounds of the local environment can be heard. Provision is also made for the listener through ear plug means to block out ambient sounds if so desired. The listener can remove and replace the waterproof audio speaker assembly of the device for cleaning purposes, or to change the color or reflectivity of the device for safety and/or cosmetic reasons.

174 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Noise exposure results obtained did not indicate that there was a significant increase in the risk to potential noise injury from PSP use alone, and there was no correlation between self-reported hearing loss and/or the incidence of tinnitus.
Abstract: Hearing healthcare professionals often express concern about the possible increased risk of noise injury, and potential for subsequent hearing loss that may result from the rise in the use of personal stereo players (PSP) in the community. Measurements were made of a sample of 55 individuals who were using a PSP as part of their daily activity, for example commuting to work, in what could be considered noisy backgrounds. Thus measurements could be considered to exemplify the worst-case conditions. The average, A-weighted, eight-hour equivalent, continuous noise exposure level was determined to be 79.8 dB, with a statistically significant difference between males and females, of 80.6 dB and 75.3 dB respectively. There was no correlation between self-reported hearing loss and/or the incidence of tinnitus. The noise exposure results obtained did not indicate that there was a significant increase in the risk to potential noise injury from PSP use alone.

112 citations


Cites background from "Noise-induced hearing loss and port..."

  • ...…close coupling to the ear when using a personal stereo player (PSP), there has been considerable discussion and concern regarding the effects on hearing of the regular use of PSPs (Carter et al, 1982; Catalano & Levin, 1985; Rice et al, 1987; Clark, 1990; Meyer-Bich, 1996; LePage & Murray, 1998)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The majority of young users of personal listening devices are at low risk for substantive NIHL, and even subtle deficits may contribute to unequivocal hearing loss with continued exposure.
Abstract: Concept: No consensus exists regarding the magnitude of the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) associated with leisure noise, in particular, personal listening devices in young adults. Objective: Examine the magnitude of hearing loss associated with personal listening devices and other sources of leisure noise in causing NIHL in young adults. Study Design: Prospective auditory testing of college student volunteers with retrospective history exposure to home stereos, personal listening devices, firearms, and other sources of recreational noise. Methods: Subjects underwent audiologic examination consisting of estimation of pure-tone thresholds, speech reception thresholds, and word recognition at 45 dB HL. Results : Fifty subjects aged 18 to 30 years were tested. All hearing thresholds of all subjects (save one-a unilateral 30 dB HL threshold at 6 kHz) were normal, (i.e., 25 dB HL or better). A 10 dB threshold elevation (notch) in either ear at 3 to 6 kHz as compared with neighboring frequencies was noted in 11 (22%) subjects and an unequivocal notch (15 dB or greater) in either ear was noted in 14 (28%) of subjects. The presence or absence of any notch (small or large) did not correlate with any single or cumulative source of noise exposure. No difference in pure-tone threshold, speech reception threshold, or speech discrimination was found among subjects when segregated by noise exposure level. Conclusion: The majority of young users of personal listening devices are at low risk for substantive NIHL. Interpretation of the significance of these findings in relation to noise exposure must be made with caution. NIHL is an additive process and even subtle deficits may contribute to unequivocal hearing loss with continued exposure. The low prevalence of measurable deficits in this study group may not exclude more substantive deficits in other populations with greater exposures. Continued education of young people about the risk to hearing from recreational noise exposure is warranted.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the available studies (published before October 2006) on sociodemographic, psychosocial, and other correlates of risk and protective behaviors for hearing loss in young people aged 12 to 25 years is provided.

90 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Karl D. Kryter1
TL;DR: The paper contains graphs of maximum sound‐pressure levels and durations of exposures that the NAS‐NRC CHABA Working Group believes would be tolerable and examples of the use of these graphs.
Abstract: The following document was prepared by NAS‐NRC CHABA Working Group 46. This group was asked to specify damage‐risk criteria for exposure to sound. The paper contains graphs of maximum sound‐pressure levels and durations of exposures that the Working Group believes would be tolerable and examples of the use of these graphs in addition to background information and a discussion of the rationale, assumptions, limitations, and general problems pertinent to the development and application of a damage‐risk criterion and related exposure contours.

185 citations

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These results suggest that portable radios with headphones may be capable of causing permanent hearing loss in a large proportion of radio users.