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Journal ArticleDOI

Non-contact in situ microwave material measurements for high temperature process monitoring.

04 Mar 2019-Review of Scientific Instruments (AIP Publishing LLCAIP Publishing)-Vol. 90, Iss: 3, pp 034702
TL;DR: The ability to measure high temperature material process parameters using non-contact microwave measurements is demonstrated.
Abstract: Non-contact real time microwave measurement and signal analysis techniques to extract high temperature material parameters from the mono-static reflections gathered by a compact air cooled corrugated horn are presented in this work. Non-contact in situ microwave measurements gathered over 20–24 GHz inside a closed furnace were processed to identify the thermodynamic phase change temperature of metal and glass melts. The melting point of aluminum alloy and glass transition of a borosilicate glass matrix extracted from the time gated and processed microwave measurements were in good agreement with differential scanning calorimetry measurements. Thus, the ability to measure high temperature material process parameters using non-contact microwave measurements is demonstrated.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability of a nondestructive method using microwaves to the detection of multiple pipe wall thinning defects was investigated, where a single full circumferential defect was introduced into a straight pipe of 19mm inner diameter, and the effect of the defect on transmitted waves was investigated.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-contact microwave sensor is presented for in situ process monitoring of nuclear waste glass melts inside a cold crucible induction melting (CCIM) furnace, and the level and thermal steady state of the molten glass inside a 1400°C CCIM furnace were measured during 6-hour long vitrification process using a corrugated horn antenna operating over 20-24 GHz designed for high temperature measurement.

1 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
22 May 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a noncontact microwave measurement technique to measure the change in conductivity profile of glass mixture with temperature (30-700 √ C) is presented. Butler et al. used a corrugated horn to identify the relative change in material conductivity with respect to temperature.
Abstract: A non-contact microwave measurement technique to measure the change in conductivity profile of glass mixture with temperature $(30-700^{\circ}\mathrm{C})$ is presented here. Mono static radio detection and ranging (RADAR) signals from the glass melts recorded using a corrugated horn are processed to identify the relative change in material conductivity with respect to temperature.

1 citations


Cites background or methods from "Non-contact in situ microwave mater..."

  • ...The microwave reflection from the molten material depends on the electrical conductivity [5]....

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  • ...The band limited reflection coefficient, was processed to extract reflection from the glass mixture using the algorithms discussed in [5]....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the available data and information on the electrical resistivity of aluminum and manganese were discussed and the recommended values resulting from critical evaluation, correlation, analysis, and synthesis were presented.
Abstract: This work compiles, reviews, and discusses the available data and information on the electrical resistivity of aluminum and manganese and presents the recommended values resulting from critical evaluation, correlation, analysis, and synthesis of the available data and information The recommended values presented are uncorrected and also corrected for the thermal expansion of the material and cover the temperature range from 1 K to above the melting point into the molten state for aluminum and to 700 K for manganese The estimated uncertainties in most of the recommended values are about ±2% to ±5%

147 citations

MonographDOI
12 May 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface tension of glass-forming-melts has been investigated and the properties of these properties have been investigated in the context of decomposition of refractory materials.
Abstract: Glass-Forming Melts L.D. Pye Thermodynamic Properties K.H. Karlsson and R. Backman Redox Behavior and Electrochemical Behavior of Glass Melts C. Russel Transport Phenomena in Molten Glass: A Continuum Approach R.A. Murnane and R.R. Thomas Viscosity of Molten Glasses D. Martlew The Surface Tension of Glass-Forming Melts D.A. Weirauch, Jr. Density of Glass Melts O.V. Mazurin Heat Capacity of Glass Melts A.I. Priven and O.V. Mazurin Heat Transfer in Glass-Forming Melts M. K. Choudhary and R. M. Potter Electrical Conductivity of Glass Melts O.V. Mazurin and O. A. Prokhorenko How the Properties of Glass Melts Influence the Dissolution of Refractory Materials G.A. Pecoraro Nuclear Waste Glasses J.D. Vienna Solubility of Gases in Glass Melts F.W. Kramer Index

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the possibilities of air-coupled ultrasonic testing and imaging by means of a measurement system designed for both through-transmission and reflection technique.
Abstract: Possibilities of air-coupled ultrasonic testing and imaging are examined by means of a measurement system designed for both through-transmission and reflection technique. For that purpose, B- and C-scans have been performed with respect to a wide variety of materials of different acoustic impedance. The observations reported in the paper deal with coating on textile, flaws in an aluminum plate, spot welds on metallic plates, tiny air inclusions in thin castings and ultrasonic reflection on an epoxy plate with a copper layer. The measurements have been performed in either continuous or pulse mode. In the former case, frequency swept sinusoidal signals are applied, in the latter modulated chirps. All results have been obtained at sound frequencies between 0.75 and 2 MHz, produced by air-coupled piezo-based transducers with matching layer.

78 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using a new type of concentric cylinder viscosimeter, the viscosity, 7, and electrical resistivity, κ of some commercial glasses and the glasses of the soda-silicate system have been investigated in the region of 700 to 1400 °C corresponding from 3 to 102 poises and from 0.3 to 103ohms as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Using a new type of concentric cylinder viscosimeter, the viscosity, 7, and electrical resistivity, κ of some commercial glasses and the glasses of the soda-silicate system have been investigated in the region of 700 to 1400 °C corresponding from 3 to 102 poises and from 0.3 to 103ohms. The results in the viscous region show proportionality between log η and log κ in the region investigated. In the two glasses investigated at lower temperatures, it can be seen that the same constants do not hold thronghout the whole region. These results are discussed considering the kinetic picture of liquids (see summary).

44 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel technique for simultaneously measuring the moduli of elastic isotropic material, as a function of temperature, using two ultrasonic guided wave modes that are co-generated using a single probe is presented here.
Abstract: A novel technique for simultaneously measuring the moduli of elastic isotropic material, as a function of temperature, using two ultrasonic guided wave modes that are co-generated using a single probe is presented here. This technique can be used for simultaneously measuring Young's modulus (E) and shear modulus (G) of different materials over a wide range of temperatures (35 °C-1200 °C). The specimens used in the experiments have special embodiments (for instance, a bend) at one end of the waveguide and an ultrasonic guided wave generator/detector (transducer) at the other end for obtaining reflected signals in a pulse-echo mode. The orientation of the transducer can be used for simultaneously generating/receiving the L(0,1) and/or T(0,1) using a single transducer in a waveguide on one end. The far end of the waveguides with the embodiment is kept inside a heating device such as a temperature-controlled furnace. The time of flight difference, as a function of uniform temperature distribution region (horizontal portion) of bend waveguides was measured and used to determine the material properties. Several materials were tested and the comparison between values reported in the literature and measured values were found to be in agreement, for both elastic moduli (E and G) measurements, as a function of temperature. This technique provides significant reduction in time and effort over conventional means of measurement of temperature dependence of elastic moduli.

25 citations