Nonlinear dynamical behavior of thermionic low pressure discharges. I. Simulation
TL;DR: In this article, the discharge modes of a thermionic low pressure discharge (p < 1Pa) were investigated with the one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation codes PDP1 and XPDP1, and the simulation results provided a model approach for stable discharge modes, hysteresis, and for nonlinear relaxation-oscillations.
Abstract: The discharge modes of a thermionic low pressure discharge (p<1Pa) are investigated with the one‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell simulation codes PDP1 and XPDP1 [C. K. Birdsall, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 19, 65 (1991)]. The simulation results provide a model approach for stable discharge modes, hysteresis, and for nonlinear relaxation‐oscillations. During this potential‐relaxation instability, nonlinear structures, e.g. electron holes and double layers, are observed. A Pierce–Buneman‐mode is suggested as a trigger mechanism for the onset of the instability. The detailed oscillation process can be subdivided into three distinct phases: expansion phase, double layer phase, and relaxation phase. This allows one to explain the parameter dependencies of the oscillation frequency. For a periodically driven discharge, mode‐locking in a period‐2 state is found and explained by the model. The mode‐locking phenomenon is studied systematically. The results of the simulations are well confirmed by experimental observations presented in Part II of this paper [T. Klinger et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 1822 (1995)].
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01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, particle-in-cell (PIC) combined with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations are used for simulation of partially ionized gases, with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas.
Abstract: Many-particle charged-particle plasma simulations using spatial meshes for the electromagnetic field solutions, particle-in-cell (PIC) merged with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations, are coming into wide use for application to partially ionized gases. The author emphasizes the development of PIC computer experiments since the 1950s starting with one-dimensional (1-D) charged-sheet models, the addition of the mesh, and fast direct Poisson equation solvers for 2-D and 3-D. Details are provided for adding the collisions between the charged particles and neutral atoms. The result is many-particle simulations with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas; for example, with applications to plasma-assisted materials processing, but also related to warmer plasmas at the edges of magnetized fusion plasmas. >
1,022 citations
TL;DR: Greiner et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated strongly nonlinear relaxation oscillations of discharge current and plasma potential in a magnetized thermionic plasma discharge and established two stable discharge modes, the low current space charge limited and the high current temperature limited mode.
Abstract: Strongly nonlinear relaxation oscillations of discharge current and plasma potential are investigated in a magnetized thermionic plasma discharge. The quasi‐one‐dimensional electron motion allows a direct comparison with one‐dimensional models and computer simulations. Two different stable discharge modes can be established, the low‐current space charge limited and the high‐current temperature limited mode. Time resolved probe measurements of the plasma potential distribution demonstrate that the current oscillations result from a strongly nonlinear instability of the potential structure in the weak current discharge mode. This confirms the model based on particle‐in‐cell simulations [F. Greiner et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 1810 (1995)]. The oscillation process consists of three distinct phases. The sequence of events and the observed parameter dependencies of the oscillation frequency is in accordance with the model. The periodically driven system shows the characteristic behavior of nonlinear oscillators: q...
58 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss recent progress in chaos control and taming of turbulence in three different plasma "model" experiments: (1) Chaotic oscillations in simple plasma diodes, (2) ionization wave turbulence in the positive column of glow discharges, and (3) drift-wave turbulence in a magnetized plasma column.
Abstract: Chaos and turbulence are often considered as troublesome features of plasma devices. In the general framework of nonlinear dynamical systems, a number of strategies have been developed to achieve active control over complex temporal or spatio-temporal behavior. Many of these techniques apply to plasma instabilities. In the present paper we discuss recent progress in chaos control and taming of turbulence in three different plasma “model” experiments: (1) Chaotic oscillations in simple plasma diodes, (2) ionization wave turbulence in the positive column of glow discharges, and (3) drift wave turbulence in a magnetized plasma column. Depending on the physical mechanism of the specific instability in each case, an appropriate control strategy is chosen out of a variety of different approaches; in particular discrete feedback, continuous feedback, or spatio-temporal open-loop synchronization. Electric control fields are externally applied to the plasma device and the chaotic or turbulent state is stabilized b...
52 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck-Poisson system in a current-carrying plasma is analyzed theoretically and numerically in the collisionless and weakly collisional approximations.
Abstract: Solutions of the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck-Poisson system in a current-carrying plasma are analysed theoretically and numerically in the collisionless and weakly collisional approximations. The class of electron holes is extended, and new solitary electron hole and hump equilibria are found. Numerical solutions of the full time-dependent self-consistent problem are presented that show the non-existence of structural dissipative equilibria as long as ions are treated as an immobile background.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the oscillations of the ion sheath around a negatively biased grid in dp machines are studied experimentally and compared with PIC simulations, and it is argued that for asymmetric densities in the source and target chamber the ionSheath on the low density side becomes unstable to virtual anode oscillations which act as a driver for the ion bounce oscillations in the sheath.
24 citations
References
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01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the theoretical effects of the spatial grid, energy-conserving simulation models, multipole models, and Kinetic theory for fluctuations and noise collisions.
Abstract: PART 1: PRIMER Why attempting to do plasma physics via computer simulation using particles makes good sense Overall view of a one dimensional electrostatic program A one dimensional electrostatic program ES1 Introduction to the numerical methods used Projects for ES1 A 1d electromagnetic program EM1 Projects for EM1 PART 2: THEORY Effects of the spatial grid Effects of the finitw time ste Energy-conserving simulation models Multipole models Kinetic theory for fluctuations and noise collisions Kinetic properties: theory, experience and heuristic estimates PART 3: PRACTICE Electrostatic programs in two and three dimensions Electromagnetic programs in two and three dimensions Particle loading, injection boudary conditions and external circuit PART 4: APPENDICES
4,746 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, particle-in-cell (PIC) combined with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations are used for simulation of partially ionized gases, with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas.
Abstract: Many-particle charged-particle plasma simulations using spatial meshes for the electromagnetic field solutions, particle-in-cell (PIC) merged with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations, are coming into wide use for application to partially ionized gases. The author emphasizes the development of PIC computer experiments since the 1950s starting with one-dimensional (1-D) charged-sheet models, the addition of the mesh, and fast direct Poisson equation solvers for 2-D and 3-D. Details are provided for adding the collisions between the charged particles and neutral atoms. The result is many-particle simulations with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas; for example, with applications to plasma-assisted materials processing, but also related to warmer plasmas at the edges of magnetized fusion plasmas. >
1,115 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, particle-in-cell (PIC) combined with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations are used for simulation of partially ionized gases, with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas.
Abstract: Many-particle charged-particle plasma simulations using spatial meshes for the electromagnetic field solutions, particle-in-cell (PIC) merged with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) calculations, are coming into wide use for application to partially ionized gases. The author emphasizes the development of PIC computer experiments since the 1950s starting with one-dimensional (1-D) charged-sheet models, the addition of the mesh, and fast direct Poisson equation solvers for 2-D and 3-D. Details are provided for adding the collisions between the charged particles and neutral atoms. The result is many-particle simulations with many of the features met in low-temperature collision plasmas; for example, with applications to plasma-assisted materials processing, but also related to warmer plasmas at the edges of magnetized fusion plasmas. >
1,022 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1964
TL;DR: The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: This book offers a fundamental explanation of nonlinear oscillations in physical systems Originally intended for electrical engineers, it remains an important reference for the increasing numbers of researchers studying nonlinear phenomena in physics, chemical engineering, biology, medicine, and other fields Originally published in 1986 The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905
729 citations