Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums of a Phase-Sensitive Detection System

doi:10.1109/TIM.1970.4313852

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Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums of a Phase-Sensitive Detection System

Journal Article•DOI•

Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums of a Phase-Sensitive Detection System

01 Feb 1970-IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement (IEEE)-Vol. 19, Iss: 1, pp 25-27

TL;DR: Two generalized criteria for minimums and maximums of essential nonlinearity of a phase-sensitive detection system are presented.

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Abstract: Two generalized criteria for minimums and maximums of essential nonlinearity of a phase-sensitive detection system are presented. Minimums and maximums are calculated and plotted by a digital computer over a wide dynamic range of operating conditions, assuming that the input signal is in the narrow-band Gaussian noise.

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A bibliography of the theory and application of the phase-lock principle

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W. C. Lindsey, R. C. Tausworthe

01 Apr 1973

TL;DR: A literature search was conducted in an effort to collect and compile as many references on the phase-locked loop as possible, and a comprehensive listing of approximately 800 references covering the past two decades of work reported throughout the world are presented.

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Abstract: A literature search was conducted in an effort to collect and compile as many references on the phase-locked loop as possible. Although not all inclusive, a comprehensive listing of approximately 800 references covering the past two decades of work reported throughout the world are presented. The compilation is given in two parts: first by categories, and then alphabetically by authors.

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77 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Generalized Analysis of Phase-Sensitive Detection-Circuit Operating Characteristics at the Signal Detection in the Presence of Noise

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Branko Leskovar

01 Feb 1972-IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

TL;DR: A new generalized analysis is presented of operating characteristics of phase-sensitive detector circuits, assuming that the input signal and the reference wave are in the presence of independent, stationary, and additive Gaussian noise.

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Abstract: A new generalized analysis is presented of operating characteristics of phase-sensitive detector circuits, assuming that the input signal and the reference wave are in the presence of independent, stationary, and additive Gaussian noise The generalized criteria are determined for the detector optimum operating conditions and for minimization of the detector characteristic essential nonlinearities by means of computer-aided analysis, using high-density discrete value calculations The results of the analysis are given in normalized form and can be directly applied to evaluate in detail the detector-circuit performance and characteristic essential nonlinearities over a wide dynamic range of operating conditions Furthermore, particular emphasis is laid on the determination of optimum detector-circuit operating conditions in contemporary instrumentation systems

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4 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Amplitude modulation and the first-order phase-locked loop

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P.B. Kenington, J.P. McGeehan, D. J. Edwards

01 Feb 1990

TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior of a first-order phase-locked loop is critically examined under conditions where it is tracking a carrier corrupted by discontinuous (square-wave) amplitude modulation.

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Abstract: The behaviour of a first-order phase-locked loop is critically examined under conditions where it is tracking a carrier corrupted by discontinuous (square-wave) amplitude modulation. The transient response of the system is first derived for the simple case of a PLL without time delay, and a comparison is made with a series of practical results obtained from a first-order loop. The agreement between the predicted response and that observed in practice is found to be extremely good. The theoretical behaviour of the loop is further analysed for the case of a system incorporating time delay. It is shown that such delay is detrimental to the tracking performance of the loop, when it is necessary to track a carrier modulated in the manner outlined above.

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2 citations

References

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Phase-Sensitive Detector Nonlinearity attheSignaI Detection in thePresence ofNoise

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Branko Leskovar

01 Jan 1967

7 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Essential Nonlinearity of Phase-Sensitive Detector Characteristics

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Branko Leskovar

01 Jun 1969-IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of essential nonlinearity of phase-sensitive detector characteristics is studied and determined theoretically in detail, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise.

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Abstract: The effect of essential nonlinearity of phase-sensitive detector characteristics is studied and determined theoretically in detail, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise. Minimum, maximum, and limiting values of nonlinearities of detector characteristics as functions of the input signal-to-noise ratio and the phase angle between the input signal and the reference wave are determined by means of computer-aided analysis. A set of curves that can be used to evaluate in detail the essential nonlinearities of detector performance and characteristics over a wide range of operating conditions and significant parameters is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the determination of optimum detector operating conditions for minimum essential nonlinearities in wide-band Fourier-transform high-resolution nuclear magnetic-resonance and electron-spin-resonance spectrometers.

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4 citations

"Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums ..." refers background or methods in this paper

...Recent investigations [1], [2] have shown that in the instrumentation of experimental research the total nonlinearity of a phase-sensitive detection system is of prime importance....
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...Q previous work [2] for a number of discrete values of the input signal-to-noise ratio X = V IV • and the reference wave-to-noise s a· ratio J....
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...Based on reference [2], careful investigations show that a generalized criterion for NBMIN is given by...
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...Va is the rms value of the input narrow-band noise e and Vc is the amplitude of the reference wave e Johnson (3) has pointed out a possibility of the existence of additional nonlinearity minimums and maximums which can be larger or smaller in value than those calculated in [2], due to the relatively complicated formulas expressing conditions for NBM1Nand NCMAX as well as to the NBMIN and NCMAX calculations made by a relatively small number of discrete values of Vs ' Yc t Va' and ~ (~is the phase angle between the input signal and the reference wave)....
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...According to [2], normalized forms of the detector characteristics as a function of W, with lA....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Phase-Sensitive Detector Nonlinearity at the Signal Detection in the Presence of Noise

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Branko Leskovar

01 Dec 1967-IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

TL;DR: In this article, the essential nonlinearity characteristics of a phase-sensitive detector are studied theoretically, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise.

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Abstract: The essential nonlinearity characteristics of a phase-sensitive detector are studied theoretically, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise. Three interesting cases of the nonlinearity of the phase-sensitive detector characteristics are analyzed by means of the expression which has been derived for the output signal-to-input noise ratio as a function of the input signal-to-noise ratio, the reference wave-to-noise ratio, and the phase angle between the input signal and reference wave. In the first case, the detector nonlinearity NA as a function of the input signal-to-noise ratio is determined. In the second and third cases, the detector nonlinearities NB and NC as a function of the phase angle between the input signal and the reference wave are obtained. The results are presented as closed-form analytical expressions. Several interesting cases are plotted as a function of the significant parameters. Besides being important in themselves, the results are of a general interest because they may be used to estimate essential nonlinearities in some other more complicated cases.

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4 citations

"Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums ..." refers background or result in this paper

...1, 2, and 3 follows a full agreement with results presented in [1] and [2J for NBMIN and NCMAX ' Of course, the generalized criteria give more information about behaviour of minimum and maximum nonlinearities than previously published results....
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...Recent investigations [1], [2] have shown that in the instrumentation of experimental research the total nonlinearity of a phase-sensitive detection system is of prime importance....
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