Novel Multiagent Based Load Restoration Algorithm for Microgrids
TL;DR: A novel fully distributed multiagent based load restoration algorithm that can be applied to systems of any size and structure and compared against existing algorithms and a particle swarm optimization based algorithm is proposed.
Abstract: Once a fault in microgrids has been cleared, it is necessary to restore the unfaulted but out-of-service loads as much as possible in a timely manner. This paper proposes a novel fully distributed multiagent based load restoration algorithm. According to the algorithm, each agent makes synchronized load restoration decision according to discovered information. During the information discovery process, agents only communicate with their direct neighbors, and the global information is discovered based on the Average-Consensus Theorem. In this way, total net power, indexes and demands of loads that are ready for restoration can be obtained. Then the load restoration problem can be modeled and solved using existing algorithms for the 0-1 Knapsack problem. To achieve adaptivity and stability, a distributed algorithm for coefficient setting is proposed and compared against existing algorithms and a particle swarm optimization based algorithm. Theoretically, the proposed load restoration algorithm can be applied to systems of any size and structure. Simulation studies with power systems of different scale demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consolidate and review the progress of the research field towards methods and tools of forecasting natural disaster related power system disturbances, hardening and pre-storm operations, and restoration models.
Abstract: Natural disasters can cause large blackouts. Research into natural disaster impacts on electric power systems is emerging to understand the causes of the blackouts, explore ways to prepare and harden the grid, and increase the resilience of the power grid under such events. At the same time, new technologies such as smart grid, micro grid, and wide area monitoring applications could increase situational awareness as well as enable faster restoration of the system. This paper aims to consolidate and review the progress of the research field towards methods and tools of forecasting natural disaster related power system disturbances, hardening and pre-storm operations, and restoration models. Challenges and future research opportunities are also presented in the paper.
729 citations
Cites background from "Novel Multiagent Based Load Restora..."
...The authors in [82] propose a distributed information discovery process for load restoration applying the average consensus algorithm, in which agents only communicate with their direct neighbors....
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TL;DR: A novel distribution system operational approach by forming multiple microgrids energized by DG from the radial distribution system in real-time operations to restore critical loads from the power outage to maximize the critical loads to be picked up.
Abstract: Microgrids with distributed generation (DG) provide a resilient solution in the case of major faults in a distribution system due to natural disasters. This paper proposes a novel distribution system operational approach by forming multiple microgrids energized by DG from the radial distribution system in real-time operations to restore critical loads from the power outage. Specifically, a mixed-integer linear program is formulated to maximize the critical loads to be picked up while satisfying the self-adequacy and operation constraints for the microgrids formation problem by controlling the ON/OFF status of the remotely controlled switch devices and DG. A distributed multiagent coordination scheme is designed via local communications for the global information discovery as inputs of the optimization, which is suitable for autonomous communication requirements after the disastrous event. The formed microgrids can be further utilized for power quality control and can be connected to a larger microgrid before the restoration of the main grids is complete. Numerical results based on modified IEEE distribution test systems validate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.
678 citations
Cites background or methods from "Novel Multiagent Based Load Restora..."
...Xu and Liu [20] proposed a multiagent coordination for distributed information discovery, but the restoration process does not consider the topology of the distribution network....
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...In [20] and [30], an improved Metropolis–Hastings method was proposed to adapt to changes of system configuration as...
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...Several works in the literature discuss using microgrids for the distribution service restoration (see [12], [15]–[20])....
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TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to provide a review of distributed control and management strategies for the next generation power system in the context of microgrids and identifies challenges and opportunities ahead.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to provide a review of distributed control and management strategies for the next generation power system in the context of microgrids. This paper also identifies future research directions. The next generation power system, also referred to as the smart grid, is distinct from the existing power system due to its extensive use of integrated communication, advanced components such as power electronics, sensing, and measurement, and advanced control technologies. At the same time, the need for increased number of small distributed and renewable energy resources can exceed the capabilities of an available computational resource. Therefore, the recent literature has seen a significant research effort on dividing the control task among different units, which gives rise to the development of several distributed techniques. This paper discusses features and characteristics of these techniques, and identifies challenges and opportunities ahead. The paper also discusses the relationship between distributed control and hierarchical control.
594 citations
Cites background from "Novel Multiagent Based Load Restora..."
...A novel distributed multiagent-based load restoration algorithm is presented in [53]....
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TL;DR: The fundamental research challenges in this field including communication reliability and timeliness, QoS support, data management services, and autonomic behaviors are introduced and the main solutions proposed in the literature for each are discussed.
317 citations
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"Novel Multiagent Based Load Restora..." refers background in this paper
...Advantages of MAS include the ability to survive single-point-failures and decentralized data processing, which leads to efficient task distribution eventually causing faster operation and decision-making process [7]....
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