Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency in six-level Rb atoms and theoretical simulation of the observed spectra
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a six-level Λ-type system in atomic Rb vapor containing both 87Rb and 85Rb.
Abstract: We report the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a six-level Λ-type system in atomic Rb vapor containing both 87Rb and 85Rb. The experimental observation includes five velocity selective optically pumped (VSOP) absorption dips for both 87Rb and 85Rb. The EIT signal appears on the background of one such VSOP absorption dips. The measured EIT linewidth () shows sub-natural ( ) values for both lower and higher values of pump Rabi-frequencies. The density matrix based theoretical model for the six-level system is developed and solved numerically by taking into account the Doppler broadening. A complete analytical solution (non perturbative) for a three level Λ-type system has been obtained and compared with the experimentally observed sub-natural EIT linewidth. The simulated spectra are in good agreement with the experimental findings.
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TL;DR: In this article, simultaneous experimental observation of Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT) and Electromagnetically Induced Absorption (EIA) in a multi-level V-type system in D2 transition of Rb87 was reported.
Abstract: We report here simultaneous experimental observation of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Electromagnetically Induced Absorption (EIA) in a multi-level V-type system in D2 transition of Rb87, i.e., F=2→F′ with a strong pump and a weak probe beam. We studied the probe spectrum by locking the probe beam to the transition F=2→F′=2 while the pump is scanned from F=2→F′. EIA is observed for the open transition (F=2→F′=2) whereas EIT is observed in the closed transition (F=2→F′=3). Sub natural line-width is observed for the EIA. To simulate the observed spectra theoretically, Liouville equation for the three-level V-type system is solved analytically with a multi-mode approach for the density matrix elements. We assumed both the pump and the probe beams can couple the excited states. A multi-mode approach for the coherence terms facilitates the study of all the frequency contributions due to the pump and the probe fields. Since the terms contain higher harmonics of the pump and the probe freque...
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the occurrence of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the simulated probe response signal for a four-level inverted-Y type system that is being acted upon by a weak coherent probe field, a strong coherent pump field and a coherent repump field.
Abstract: We report the occurrence of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the simulated probe response signal for a four-level inverted-Y type system that is being acted upon by a weak coherent probe field, a strong coherent pump field and a coherent repump field. There are two ground energy levels, one intermediate energy level and one uppermost energy level. The weak probe field couples the lowest ground level to the intermediate level whereas the repump field connects the other ground level with the intermediate level. The strong control field couples the intermediate level with the uppermost energy level, thereby forming an inverted-Y type system. The density matrix based theoretical model has been developed and solved analytically for this four-level system and the probe response signal has been simulated at different values of the control and repump Rabi frequencies, control and repump frequency detunings and under both Doppler-free and Doppler-broadened conditions using the parameters of 87Rb D2 transition. Extremely low line width (few tens of kHz) for the EIT signal has been noticed under thermal averaging for copropagating probe, control and repump field configuration. The EIT signal is found to be immune to the variation in the control Rabi frequency.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the absorption features of a probe field propagating through a four-level N-type atomic system in the presence of two coherent radiation fields are studied analytically by using a density matrix formulation.
Abstract: The absorption features of a probe field propagating through a four-level N-type atomic system in the presence of two coherent radiation fields is studied analytically by using a density matrix formulation. The system has two ground levels and two excited levels. A weak probe laser couples the upper ground level to the lower excited level whereas a strong control field connects the lower ground level to the lower excited level. The coupling field acts between the upper ground level and the upper excited level. The transition parameters of the 87Rb D1 line have been used to simulate the probe response. The simulated probe absorption shows a gain-like structure depending on the relative field intensities. The spectral features of the probe response exhibit substantial differences under thermal averaging as compared to a Doppler-free condition. The splitting of simulated probe absorption can be explained by the dressed state model. Electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) is observed in the simulated probe response curve when the spontaneous decay of the population from the uppermost excited state to the lower ground state is absent.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have studied electromagnetically induced absorption in the rubidium-87 D2 line using pump−probe spectroscopy, in the presence of an external transverse magnetic field with low pump intensity.
Abstract: We have studied electromagnetically induced absorption in the rubidium-87 D2 line using pump−probe spectroscopy. The experiment was done in the presence of an external transverse magnetic field with low pump intensity. Two cases viz. pump beam polarization parallel and perpendicular with respect to the orientation of the applied magnetic field were investigated (probe beam polarization was perpendicular to probe beam). We observed two well-resolved N-type systems for pump beam polarization parallel to the external magnetic field. For perpendicular orientation, N-type systems became superimposed, and well-resolved N-type systems were not obtained. The observations made have been explained by the effect of optical pumping. The calculated spectra were found to be in good agreement with experimental observation. The Lande-g factor of the ground state and the excited state have been experimentally evaluated and found to be in good agreement with theoretical values up to 43 G.
8 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the atomic dynamics and the optical response of the medium to a continuous-wave laser and show how coherently prepared media can be used to improve frequency conversion in nonlinear optical mixing experiments.
Abstract: Coherent preparation by laser light of quantum states of atoms and molecules can lead to quantum interference in the amplitudes of optical transitions. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed gas-phase systems at the center of recent advances in the development of media with radically new optical properties. This article reviews these advances and the new possibilities they offer for nonlinear optics and quantum information science. As a basis for the theory of electromagnetically induced transparency the authors consider the atomic dynamics and the optical response of the medium to a continuous-wave laser. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of field-coupled states and show how coherently prepared media can be used to improve frequency conversion in nonlinear optical mixing experiments. The extension of these concepts to very weak optical fields in the few-photon limit is then examined. The review concludes with a discussion of future prospects and potential new applications.
4,218 citations
TL;DR: Electromagnetic induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation EIT may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical self-focusing and defocusing and to improve the transmission of laser beams through inhomogeneous refracting gases and metal vapors, as figure 1 illustrates.
Abstract: Electromagnetically induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation EIT may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical self‐focusing and defocusing and to improve the transmission of laser beams through inhomogeneous refracting gases and metal vapors, as figure 1 illustrates The technique may be used to create large populations of coherently driven uniformly phased atoms, thereby making possible new types of optoelectronic devices
3,269 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the first demonstration of a technique by which an optically thick medium may be rendered transparent by applying a temporally smooth coupling laser between a bound state of an atom and the upper state of the transition which is to be made transparent.
Abstract: We report the first demonstration of a technique by which an optically thick medium may be rendered transparent. The transparency results from a destructive interference of two dressed states which are created by applying a temporally smooth coupling laser between a bound state of an atom and the upper state of the transition which is to be made transparent. The transmittance of an autoionizing (ultraviolet) transition in Sr is changed from exp(-20) without a coupling laser present to exp(-1) in the presence of a coupling laser.
2,325 citations
Proceedings Article•
12 May 1991TL;DR: The first demonstration of a technique by which an optically thick medium may be rendered transparent is reported, which results from a destructive interference of two dressed states created by applying a temporally smooth coupling laser between a bound state of an atom and the upper state of the transition which is to be made transparent.
Abstract: We report the results of an experiment showing how an opaque atomic transition in neutral Strontium may be rendered transparent to radiation at its resonance frequency. This is accomplished by applying an electromagnetic coupling field (Fig. 1) between the upper state 4d5d1D2 of the transition and another state 4d5p1D2; of the atom. When the Rabi frequency of the coupling field exceeds the inhomogeneous width of the 5s5p1P1–4d5d1D2; transition, the medium becomes transparent on line center.
1,999 citations