Occurrence of о-Hydroxycinnamic Acid in Species of Melilotus and Trigonella 1
About: This article is published in Crop Science.The article was published on 1964-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 15 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Trigonella & Hydroxycinnamic acid.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The first successful application of phytoalexin induction as a tool in taxonomic studies to the problems of classification at the generic and species level in the Leguminosae is reported.
Abstract: IT is well established that many higher plants respond to microbial invasion by the de novo production of organic substances called phytoalexins1,2. These compounds are absent from healthy plants and are induced by the attacking microorganisms. Although the role of phytoalexins in disease resistance is not yet entirely clear, considerable evidence suggests that they are of importance in the protection of higher plants from fungal colonisation. Although few surveys have been attempted, there is clearly a taxonomic element in phytoalexin biosynthesis, in that different plant families accumulate chemically different types of compounds3. Thus, the Leguminosae in general produce isoflavonoids, the Solanaceae diterpenes, the Compositae polyacetylenes and so on2; anomalies are rare, for example, the furanoacetylene, wyerone acid, from Vicia faba (Leguminosae)4. As lesser variations also occur within these families, there is the clear possibility of using phytoalexin induction as a tool in taxonomic studies. We report here the first successful application of this technique to the problems of classification at the generic and species level in the Leguminosae.
63 citations
TL;DR: All eight lupane triterpenes possess potential allelopathic activity in particular over dicotyledon species and they are likely to be significantly involved in the allelopathy action of Melilotus messanensis.
63 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that rumen microbial metabolism of dietary phenolic cinnamic acids to 3-phenylpropionic acid followed by its absorption and oxidation in the body tissues is responsible for the greater part of the benzoic and cinnic acids found in ruminant urine.
Abstract: 1. The extent to which phenolic derivatives of benzoic acid (seven); of phenylacetic acid (one); of 3-phenylpropionic acid (one) and of cinnamic acid (six) served as precursors of the urinary benzoic acid excreted by sheep was determined after administration as continuous drips via rumen or abomasal cannulas. 2. Phenolic derivatives of benzoic or of phenylacetic acid were not dehydroxylated to yield aromatic acids following administration via either route. 3. Rumen infusion of phenolic derivatives of both 3-phenylpropionic and cinnamic acids gave enhanced rumen concentrations of 3-phenylpropionic acid with negligible amounts of benzoic acid. Between 63 and 106% of the 2-, 3- or 4-hydroxy acids, of the 3,4-dihydroxy acids or of the 3-methoxy, 4-hydroxy acids infused were excreted in the urine as benzoic acid and a variable proportion, characteristic of the individual animal, of up to 20% of the dose as cinnamic acid. 4. Abomasal infusion of monohydroxy 3-phenylpropionic and cinnamic acids did not yield urinary benzoic acid increments. However, between 11 and 34% of abomasally-infused disubstituted phenolic cinnamic acids infused were excreted in the urine as benzoic acid due, it is postulated, to entero-hepatic circulation and microbial metabolism of the infused acids in the large intestine. 5. It is concluded that rumen microbial metabolism of dietary phenolic cinnamic acids to 3-phenylpropionic acid followed by its absorption and oxidation in the body tissues is responsible for the greater part of the benzoic and cinnamic acids found in ruminant urine.
54 citations
Cites background from "Occurrence of о-Hydroxycinnamic Aci..."
...Negligible amounts of the phenolic cinnamic acids found in plants exist in the tissues as free acids (Gorz & Haskins, 1964; El-Basyouni & Towers, 1964; Durkee & Thivierge, 1977; Salomonsson et al. 1978); they occur in a variety of conjugated forms some of which are soluble and readily isolated and…...
[...]
TL;DR: Based on material grown, a key to the species has been developed that will be useful to agronomists and comments are made on its agronomic characteristics.
Abstract: Seed of eighteen species of sweetclover (Melilotus) from various sources in Europe and Asia has been grown at the Research Station, Brandon, Manitoba. Based on material grown, a key to the species has been developed that will be useful to agronomists. Each species is described and comments are made on its agronomic characteristics. Controversial taxa are discussed and their status is clarified.
43 citations
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: Seed of eighteen species of sweetclover (Melilotus) from various sources in Europe and Asia has been grown at the Research Station, Brandon, Manitoba as mentioned in this paper and a key to the species has been developed that will be useful to agronomists.
Abstract: Seed of eighteen species of sweetclover (Melilotus) from various sources in Europe and Asia has been grown at the Research Station, Brandon, Manitoba. Based on material grown, a key to the species has been developed that will be useful to agronomists. Each species is described and comments are made on its agronomic characteristics. Controversial taxa are discussed and their status is clarified.
41 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: The inheritance of coumarin in white blossom sweet clover was determined from a study of crosses involving plants of the variety Arctic, Pioneer, and cou marin-deficient selections.
Abstract: The inheritance of coumarin in white blossom sweet clover was determined from a study of crosses involving plants of the variety Arctic (containing free coumarin). Pioneer (containing bound coumarin), and coumarin-deficient selections. Both a flurometric and a colorimeter test were used to detect the presence and type of coumarin.Among high-coumarin plants, variation in the amount of coumarin was due to non-heritable causes or genetic factors not detected in this study. The cross of free-coumarin × bound-coumarin plants established that the bound-coumarin character was inherited as a simple recessive. The gene symbol b is proposed for this character. In the crosses of high-coumarin × coumarin-deficient plants the F1 progeny were more or less intermediate in coumarin content and the subsequent F2 established that coumarin production is governed by one partially dominant gene. The symbol Cu is proposed for this gene. The gene B, responsible for the free-coumarin production, expresses itself only in the pres...
28 citations
"Occurrence of о-Hydroxycinnamic Aci..." refers background in this paper
...(2) demonstrated that this character is governed by a single pair of alleles, designated Culm....
[...]
21 citations
"Occurrence of о-Hydroxycinnamic Aci..." refers methods or result in this paper
...The extracts were assayed for cis- and tl'tllls-o-hydroxycinnamic acid by the nonenzymatic fluorometric procedure described by Haskins and Gorz (4)....
[...]
...This fact is utilized by Haskins and Gorz (4) in one method (Method II) of assaying for the cis and trans isomers of o-hydroxycinnamic acid and is also the basis for an improved paper method for the qualitative testing of plant tissues for the presence of coumarinyl glucoside and f3-glucosldase activity....
[...]
...These findings support previous suggestions (4, 6) that the trans to cis conversion in the plant is a nonenzymatic, photochemical reaction and indicate that the radiant energy supplied by cool white fluorescent lamps is relatively inefficient in effecting the conversion....
[...]
20 citations
11 citations