Journal ArticleDOI
Olivine-Liquid Equilibrium
Peter L. Roeder,R. F. Emslie +1 more
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In this paper, a number of experiments have been conducted in order to study the equilibria between olivine and basaltic liquids and to try and understand the conditions under which OIVINE will crystallize.Abstract:
A number of experiments have been conducted in order to study the equilibria between olivine and basaltic liquids and to try and understand the conditions under which olivine will crystallize. These experiments were conducted with several basaltic compositions over a range of temperature (1150-1300 ° C) and oxygen fugacity (10-°.~s-10 -12 arm.) at one atmosphere total pressure. The phases in these experimental runs were analyzed with the electron microprobe and a number of empirical equations relating the composition of olivine and liquid were determined. The distribution coefficient o, (X~o/ (Xreo) K/~- i'~-Liq \ O1 t-XFeoJ (X~go) relating the partioning of iron and magnesium between olivine and liquid is equal to 0.30 and is independent of temperature. This means that the composition of olivine can be used to determine the magnesium to ferrous iron ratio of the liquid from which it crystallized and conversely to predict the olivine composition which would crystallize from a liquid having a particular magnesium to ferrous iron ratio. A model (saturation surface) is presented which can be used to estimate the effective solubility of olivine in basaltic melts as a fune¢ioa of temperature. This model is useful in predicting the temperature at which olivine and a liquid of a particular composition can coexist at equilibrium.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chromian spinel as a petrogenetic indicator in abyssal and alpine-type peridotites and spatially associated lavas
Henry J. B. Dick,Thomas Bullen +1 more
TL;DR: The composition of chromian spinels in alpine-type peridotites has a large reciprocal range of Cr and Al, with increasing Cr# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) reflecting increasing degrees of partial melting in the mantle as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermometers and Barometers for Volcanic Systems
TL;DR: A review of existing geothermometers and geobarometers, and a presentation of approximately 30 new models, including a new plagioclase-liquid hygrometer, can be found in this paper.
Book ChapterDOI
Petrological systematics of mid-ocean ridge basalts: Constraints on melt generation beneath ocean ridges
TL;DR: In this article, Niu et al. developed a method for estimating the major element compositions of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) by calculating the partition coefficients for the major elements between mantle minerals and melts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anhydrous melting of peridotite at 0–15 Kb pressure and the genesis of tholeiitic basalts
A. L. Jaques,David H. Green +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the anhydrous melting behavior of two synthetic peridotite compositions has been studied experimentally at temperatures ranging from near the solidus to about 200°C above the core within the pressure range 0-15 kb.
Journal ArticleDOI
A general mixing equation with applications to Icelandic basalts
TL;DR: The mixing equation applied by Vollmer [1] to Pb and Sr isotope ratios is shown to be a general equation applicable to consideration of element and isotope ratio.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Origin of Basalt Magmas: An Experimental Study of Natural and Synthetic Rock Systems
H. S. Yoder,C. E. Tilley +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
The genesis of basaltic magmas
David H. Green,A.E. Ringwood +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a detailed experimental investigation of fractionation of natural basaltic compositions under conditions of high pressure and high temperature were reported, where a single stage, pistoncylinder apparatus has been used in the pressure range up to 27 kb and at temperatures up to 1500° C to study the melting behaviour of several basaltics compositions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The System Iron-Oxygen. I. The Wüstite Field and Related Equilibria
L. S. Darken,R. W. Gurry +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromian spinel as a petrogenetic indicator: part 2. petrologic applications
TL;DR: In this article, the crystallization of chromium-bearing spinel from silicate magmas is examined, and then an attempt is made to apply the theory developed in Irvine (1965) to the principal occurrences of the...
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