On the modeling of atmospheric pollutant dispersion during a diurnal cycle: A finite element study
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a numerical model to study pollutant dispersion in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) by accounting for the mechanisms of advection by the mean wind in the horizontal direction, turbulent diffusion in the vertical direction to ground surface, dry deposition, and radioactive decay.
About: This article is published in Atmospheric Environment.The article was published on 2015-10-01. It has received 20 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diurnal cycle & Atmospheric dispersion modeling.
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TL;DR: In this article, a new method is proposed for estimating the rate of fugitive emissions of particulate matter from multiple time-dependent sources via measurements of deposition and concentration, and a forward model based on a Gaussian plume solution is used.
27 citations
Cites methods from "On the modeling of atmospheric poll..."
...The use of partial differential equation (PDE) models based on the advection-diffusion equation for modelling short-range transport of pollutants dates back to the work of Taylor [45], Roberts [36] and Sutton [44]....
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TL;DR: The second stage of the field tests conducted by a joint venture between the University of Sao Paulo and the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya was established to investigate the performance of CFD tools when analyzing cloud dispersion of hazardous substances by means of ad hoc experimentation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Dispersion of hazardous gas releases represents a major threat to health and to the environment; therefore, the prediction of the dispersion features raises great interest. In recent years, with the increase in computational capacity, the interest in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools to evaluate dispersion analysis has increased. With the growing use of CFD tools to perform dispersion analysis in different scenarios, it is imperative to amplify the availability of experimental data in order to allow validations studies to contribute to understanding the real capacity of CFD tools to properly represent real cases. The second stage of the field tests conducted by a joint venture between the University of Sao Paulo and the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya was established to investigate the performance of CFD tools when analyzing cloud dispersion of hazardous substances by means of ad-hoc experimentation. The experiments consisted of CO2 clouds formation and dispersion tracking of releases of up to 0.85 kg s−1 of about 40 s of duration in a 600-m2discharge area. We provide a description of the tests and the main results of the simulation using the FLACS software; the peak concentrations for 51 sensors placed at the dispersion cloud path are provided here and compared with CFD simulations. In general terms, the CFD simulator presented good performance; all the statistical performance measures were well within the acceptable range. However, the simulator performance presented sensitivity to the wind profile, especially when cross wind occurs.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a large commercial installation scale atmospheric ion generator based on corona plasma discharges, experimental monitoring and numerical modeling of the parameters and range of the atmospheric ions, and application of the generated ions to produce charged aerosols and induce precipitation at a scale of a large cloud chamber.
Abstract: . Artificial rain is explored as a remedy to climate change caused farmland drought and bushfires. Increasing the ion density in the open air is an efficient way to generate charged nuclei from atmospheric aerosols and induce precipitation or eliminate fog. Here we report on the development of the large commercial installation scale atmospheric ion generator based on corona plasma discharges, experimental monitoring and numerical modeling of the parameters and range of the atmospheric ions, and application of the generated ions to produce charged aerosols and induce precipitation at a scale of a large cloud chamber. The coverage area of the ions generated by the large corona discharge installation with the 7.2 km long wire electrode and applied voltage of −90 kV is studied under prevailing weather conditions including wind direction and speed. By synergizing over 300 000 localized corona discharge points, we demonstrate a substantial decrease of the decay of ions compared to a single corona discharge point in the open air, leading to a large-scale (30 m × 23 m × 90 m) ion coverage. Once aerosols combine with the generated ions, charged nuclei are produced. The higher wind speed has led to the larger areas covered by the plasma generated ions. The cloud chamber experiments (relative humidity 130 ± 10 %) suggest that the charged aerosols generated by ions with the density of ~ 104/cm3 can accelerate the settlement of moisture by 38 %. These results are promising for the development of large-scale installations for the effective localized control of atmospheric phenomena.
12 citations
Cites methods from "On the modeling of atmospheric poll..."
...(1) is used to study the effect of wind on the transport of ions (Albani et al., 2015; Ashrafi et al., 2017; Schleder and Martins, 2016):...
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...(1) is used to study the effect of wind on the transport of ions (Albani et al., 2015; Ashrafi et al., 2017; Schleder and Martins, 2016): ∂c ∂t + u∇c =∇(K∇c)− λc, c = c(x,y,z, t), (1) where c is the crosswind-integrated concentration of ions, t is time, u is the wind speed,∇ = ( ∂ ∂x , ∂ ∂y , ∂ ∂z…...
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...…radial direction, z is the vertical direction, K is the eddy diffusivity, which is calculated from the meteorological data of the test location (∼ 4.82 m2 s−1; Albani et al., 2015), and λ is the decay constant, which is calculated based on the recombination of positive ions and electrons…...
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...tal downwind direction, y is the horizontal radial direction, z is the vertical direction, K is the eddy diffusivity, which is calculated from the meteorological data of the test location (∼ 4.82 m2 s−1; Albani et al., 2015), and λ is the decay constant, which is calculated based on the recombination of positive ions and electrons (∼ 1....
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TL;DR: A methodology to estimate single and multiple emission sources of atmospheric contaminants by combining hybrid metaheuristic/gradient-descent optimization techniques and Tikhonov-type regularization, which is highly versatile and presents accurate results under different contexts with a competitive computational cost.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) and large eddy simulation (LES) numerical approach is applied with a new mixed scale sub-grid parameterization technique in the commercial ANSYS Fluent software in order to simulate the buoyant plume behavior in a turbulent crossflow.
9 citations
References
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01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model for the chemistry of the Troposphere of the atmosphere and describe the properties of the Atmospheric Aqueous phase of single aerosol particles.
Abstract: 1 The Atmosphere. 2 Atmospheric Trace Constituents. 3 Chemical Kinetics. 4 Atmospheric Radiation and Photochemistry. 5 Chemistry of the Stratosphere. 6 Chemistry of the Troposphere. 7 Chemistry of the Atmospheric Aqueous Phase. 8 Properties of the Atmospheric Aerosol. 9 Dynamics of Single Aerosol Particles. 10 Thermodynamics of Aerosols. 11 Nucleation. 12 Mass Transfer Aspects of Atmospheric Chemistry. 13 Dynamics of Aerosol Populations. 14 Organic Atmospheric Aerosols. 15 Interaction of Aerosols with Radiation. 16 Meteorology of the Local Scale. 17 Cloud Physics. 18 Atmospheric Diffusion. 19 Dry Deposition. 20 Wet Deposition. 21 General Circulation of the Atmosphere. 22 Global Cycles: Sulfur and Carbon. 23 Climate and Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere. 24 Aerosols and Climate. 25 Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models. 26 Statistical Models.
11,157 citations
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01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model for the chemistry of the Troposphere of the atmosphere and describe the properties of the Atmospheric Aqueous phase of single aerosol particles.
Abstract: 1 The Atmosphere. 2 Atmospheric Trace Constituents. 3 Chemical Kinetics. 4 Atmospheric Radiation and Photochemistry. 5 Chemistry of the Stratosphere. 6 Chemistry of the Troposphere. 7 Chemistry of the Atmospheric Aqueous Phase. 8 Properties of the Atmospheric Aerosol. 9 Dynamics of Single Aerosol Particles. 10 Thermodynamics of Aerosols. 11 Nucleation. 12 Mass Transfer Aspects of Atmospheric Chemistry. 13 Dynamics of Aerosol Populations. 14 Organic Atmospheric Aerosols. 15 Interaction of Aerosols with Radiation. 16 Meteorology of the Local Scale. 17 Cloud Physics. 18 Atmospheric Diffusion. 19 Dry Deposition. 20 Wet Deposition. 21 General Circulation of the Atmosphere. 22 Global Cycles: Sulfur and Carbon. 23 Climate and Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere. 24 Aerosols and Climate. 25 Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models. 26 Statistical Models.
9,021 citations
TL;DR: Galerkin/least-squares finite element methods for advective-diffusive equations are presented in this paper, and a convergence analysis and error estimates are presented.
1,323 citations
Book•
31 Jan 1995
TL;DR: This paper presents mathematical models for Studying the Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants and the Reliability of the Numerical Algorithms, and some experiments with the Danish Eulerian Model.
Abstract: 1. The Air Pollution Problem. 2. Mathematical Models for Studying the Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants. 3. Numerical Treatment of Large Air Pollution Models. 4. Testing the Reliability of the Numerical Algorithms. 5. Need for Efficient Algorithms. 6. Computations on High-Speed Computers. 7. Running Air Pollution Models on Vector Machines. 8. Running Models on Parallel Machines with Shared Memory. 9. Running Models on Massively Parallel Computers. 10. Numerical Experiments with the Danish Eulerian Model. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
315 citations