On the Morphology of the Crystalline State in Polymers
01 Aug 1962-Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society)-Vol. 84, Iss: 15, pp 2857-2867
About: This article is published in Journal of the American Chemical Society.The article was published on 1962-08-01. It has received 395 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the rate of growth of chain-folded lamellar crystals from the subcooled melt of polyethylene fractions is treated in terms of surface nucleation theory with the objective of illuminating the origin of the chain folding phenomenon and associated kinetic effects in molecular terms.
955 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the structure of semi-crystalline polymers and the mechanisms of plastic deformation in them is given, with a focus on high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Abstract: A review is given of the structure of semi-crystalline polymers and the mechanisms of plastic deformation in them. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is taken as the specific example because of the large number of detailed studies performed on this material. The early findings are also compared and contrasted with very recent detailed large-strain deformation studies and computer simulations of deformation-induced texture development in HDPE.
493 citations
TL;DR: The topology of the copiously interspersed chains in the liquid state must be largely conserved during the process of crystallisation, preexisting entanglements being concentrated in the non-crystalline regions as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The rapidity of crystal growth from undercooled polymer melts precludes transformation of the randomly coiled macromolecules to the regularly folded morphology generally ascribed to semicrystalline polymers. The topology of the copiously interspersed chains in the liquid state must be largely conserved during the process of crystallisation, preexisting entanglements being concentrated in the non-crystalline regions
382 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure development as a function of molecular weight in thin films of a model conjugated polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), when processed from solution and the melt is discussed.
262 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the formation and concentration of α and γ polymorphs in metallocene-catalyzed isotactic poly(propylenes) have been studied with a set of polymers that have a wide range in molecular weight and defect contents.
Abstract: The molecular, thermodynamic, and kinetic factors that govern the formation and concentration of the α and γ polymorphs in metallocene-catalyzed isotactic poly(propylenes) have been studied with a set of polymers that have a wide range in molecular weight and defect contents. With these polymers it was possible to investigate the influence of molecular weight on γ formation at a fixed defect concentration, as well as the role of the defect concentration at constant molecular weight. The major experimental techniques used were wide-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry complemented by microscopy. From these studies the role of chain microstructure, the crystallization temperature, and the thermodynamic and kinetic requirement for the formation of the γ form could be established in more quantitative detail than heretofore. A particular important finding was the fact that at fixed defect concentration the fractional content of the γ polymorph goes through a maximum with crystallization...
226 citations