Open AccessJournal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
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TLDR
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Abstract:
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.read more
Citations
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miR-31 and its host gene lncRNA LOC554202 are regulated by promoter hypermethylation in triple-negative breast cancer
TL;DR: Promoter hypermethylation is identified as one of the major mechanisms for silencing miR-31 in breast cancer, and in the triple-negative breast cancer cell lines of basal subtype, in particular.
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MicroRNA involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma
Laura Gramantieri,Francesca Fornari,Elisa Callegari,Silvia Sabbioni,Giovanni Lanza,Carlo M. Croce,Carlo M. Croce,Luigi Bolondi,Massimo Negrini +8 more
TL;DR: Aberrant expression of several miRNAs was found to be involved in human hepatocarcinogenesis, and the demonstration of in vivo efficacy and safety of anti‐miRNA compounds has opened the way to their use in clinical trials, suggesting that miRN as novel molecular targets for HCC treatment.
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A Functional Screen Identifies miR-34a as a Candidate Neuroblastoma Tumor Suppressor Gene
Kristina A. Cole,Edward F. Attiyeh,Yael P. Mosse,Michael J. Laquaglia,Sharon J. Diskin,Garrett M. Brodeur,John M. Maris +6 more
TL;DR: Flow cytometric time series analyses showed that the likely mechanism of miR-34a growth inhibition is through cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis, which support miR -34a as a tumor suppressor gene in human neuroblastoma.
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Circulating miRNA Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
Pavan Kumar,Zoltan Dezso,Crystal MacKenzie,Judy Oestreicher,Sergei Agoulnik,Byrne Michael Chapman,Francois Bernier,Mamoru Yanagimachi,Ken Aoshima,Yoshiya Oda +9 more
TL;DR: A unique circulating 7-miRNA signature in plasma is reported, which could distinguish AD patients from normal controls (NC) with >95% accuracy (AUC of 0.953), suggesting that the disturbance of multiple enzymatic pathways including lipid metabolism could play a role in AD etiology.
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Down-Regulation of miR-92 in Human Plasma Is a Novel Marker for Acute Leukemia Patients
Masami Tanaka,Kosuke Oikawa,Masakatsu Takanashi,Motoshige Kudo,Junko H. Ohyashiki,Kazuma Ohyashiki,Masahiko Kuroda +6 more
TL;DR: The ratio of miR-92a/miR-638 in plasma has strong potential for clinical application as a novel biomarker for detection of leukemia and is very useful for distinguishing leukemia patients from healthy body.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function
TL;DR: Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
Jun Lu,Gad Getz,Eric A. Miska,Eric A. Miska,Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra,Justin Lamb,David Peck,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Benjamin L. Ebert,Benjamin L. Ebert,Raymond H. Mak,Raymond H. Mak,Adolfo A. Ferrando,James R. Downing,Tyler Jacks,H. Robert Horvitz,H. Robert Horvitz,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub +20 more
TL;DR: A new, bead-based flow cytometric miRNA expression profiling method is used to present a systematic expression analysis of 217 mammalian miRNAs from 334 samples, including multiple human cancers, and finds the miRNA profiles are surprisingly informative, reflecting the developmental lineage and differentiation state of the tumours.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of Mammalian MicroRNA Targets
TL;DR: The predicted regulatory targets of mammalian miRNAs were enriched for genes involved in transcriptional regulation but also encompassed an unexpectedly broad range of other functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing
Yoontae Lee,Chiyoung Ahn,Jinju Han,Hyounjeong Choi,Jaekwang Kim,Jeongbin Yim,Junho Lee,Patrick Provost,Olof Rådmark,Sun-Young Kim,V. Narry Kim +10 more
TL;DR: The two RNase III proteins, Drosha and Dicer, may collaborate in the stepwise processing of miRNAs, and have key roles in miRNA-mediated gene regulation in processes such as development and differentiation.
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