Open AccessJournal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
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TLDR
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Abstract:
I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.read more
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Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection
Patrick S. Mitchell,Rachael K. Parkin,Evan M. Kroh,Brian R. Fritz,Brian R. Fritz,Stacia K. Wyman,Era L. Pogosova-Agadjanyan,Amelia Peterson,Jennifer Noteboom,Kathy O'Briant,April Allen,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Nicole Urban,Charles W. Drescher,Beatrice S. Knudsen,Derek L. Stirewalt,Robert Gentleman,Robert L. Vessella,Robert L. Vessella,Peter S. Nelson,Daniel Martin,Daniel Martin,Muneesh Tewari +24 more
TL;DR: It is shown here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity and established the measurement of tumor-derived mi RNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.
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MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery as discussed by the authors.
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Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight?
TL;DR: This Review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanistic aspects of microRNA-induced repression of translation and discusses some of the controversies regarding different modes of micro RNA function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases
Xi Chen,Yi Ba,Lijia Ma,Lijia Ma,Xing Cai,Yuan Yin,Kehui Wang,Jigang Guo,Yujing Zhang,Jiangning Chen,Xing Guo,Qibin Li,Qibin Li,Xiaoying Li,Wenjing Wang,Yan Zhang,Jin Wang,Xueyuan Jiang,Yang Xiang,Chen Xu,Pingping Zheng,Juanbin Zhang,Ruiqiang Li,Hongjie Zhang,Xiaobin Shang,Ting Gong,Guang Ning,Jun Wang,Jun Wang,Ke Zen,Junfeng Zhang,Chen-Yu Zhang +31 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that miRNAs are present in the serum and plasma of humans and other animals such as mice, rats, bovine fetuses, calves, and horses, and can serve as potential biomarkers for the detection of various cancers and other diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-coding RNAs in human disease
TL;DR: Dysregulation of these ncRNAs is being found to have relevance not only to tumorigenesis, but also to neurological, cardiovascular, developmental and other diseases, and there is great interest in therapeutic strategies to counteract these perturbations.
References
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MicroRNA profiling of the murine hematopoietic system
Silvia Monticelli,Silvia Monticelli,K. Mark Ansel,Changchun Xiao,Nicholas D. Socci,Anna M. Krichevsky,To-Ha Thai,Nikolaus Rajewsky,Debora S. Marks,Chris Sander,Klaus Rajewsky,Anjana Rao,Kenneth S. Kosik,Kenneth S. Kosik +13 more
TL;DR: Interestingly, the most pronounced similarities were observed among fully differentiated effector cells and precursors at comparable stages of differentiation, suggesting that in addition to regulating the process of commitment to particular cellular lineages, miRNAs might have an important general role in the mechanism of cell differentiation and maintenance of cell identity.
Journal ArticleDOI
The microRNA miR-196 acts upstream of Hoxb8 and Shh in limb development
Eran Hornstein,Jennifer H. Mansfield,Soraya Yekta,Jimmy Kuang-Hsien Hu,Brian D. Harfe,Michael T. McManus,Scott Baskerville,David P. Bartel,Clifford J. Tabin +8 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that miR-196 functions in a fail-safe mechanism to assure the fidelity of expression domains that are primarily regulated at the transcriptional level, supporting the idea that many vertebrate miRNAs may function as a secondary level of gene regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Probing microRNAs with microarrays: Tissue specificity and functional inference
TL;DR: It is found that the expression of target mRNAs predicted on the basis of sequence complementarity is unrelated to the tissues in which the corresponding miRNA is expressed, suggesting that miRNAs have widespread regulatory roles in adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Caenorhabditis elegans hunchback-like gene lin-57/hbl-1 controls developmental time and is regulated by microRNAs.
Juan E. Abrahante,Aric L. Daul,Ming Li,Mandy L. Volk,Jason M. Tennessen,Eric A. Miller,Ann E. Rougvie +6 more
TL;DR: Examination of the hb 3'UTR reveals potential binding sites for known fly miRNAs and finds that hbl-1/lin-57 is regulated by let-7, at least in the nervous system, which suggests evolutionary conservation of hunchback genes may include temporal control of cell fate specification and microRNA-mediated regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs act sequentially and asymmetrically to control chemosensory laterality in the nematode
TL;DR: An inverse distribution of two sequentially acting miRNAs in two bilaterally symmetric neurons controls laterality of the nematode chemosensory system.
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