One dimensional man
About: This article is published in Philosophical Books.The article was published on 1965-05-01. It has received 2842 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this article, Wildavsky's emphasis on the policy analyst's fostering of social and political 'interactions' is given concrete empirical content derived from the critical theory of action and communicative action.
Abstract: Policy analysis may benefit from specific conceptual contributions derived from Jurgen Habermas's critical social theory. In particular, Aaron Wildavsky's emphasis on the policy analyst's fostering of social and political ‘interactions’ can be given concrete empirical content derived from the critical theorist's account of social and communicative action. In addition, the critical theorist's distinction between action and ‘learning’ extends and sharpens Wildavsky's and Lindblom's account of policy outcomes. Once obstacles to social and political learning are distinguished from ordinary constraints upon citizens' action, policy analysis research (as formulated by Wildavsky and Lindblom) can be more concretely specified and then understood also and essentially to involve fundamental normative judgments of the legitimacy of policy-fostered ‘interactions’.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between personal and social identity, identifying possible similarities and differences between a group of Italian employed adults and a groups of unemployed adults, and found that having a permanent employment, an elevated self-esteem, and good ego-strength, and internal locus of control are predictive of the adult identity among employed subjects.
Abstract: The present paper gives a contribution to the Italian psychology literature dealing with identity uneasiness of the young adult, which represents a clinically significant life-span phase especially if considered within the critical working situation that compels them to postpone life-markers which are the first signs of entering adultness Those belonging to young adulthood seem uncompleted identities, hanging in between waiting to fulfil one’s life projects and the lack of satisfactory responses from modern society The present research aims to investigate the relationship between personal and social identity, identifying possible similarities and differences between a group of Italian employed adults and a group of unemployed adults A group of 173 Italian young adults, aged between 27 and 34, were recruited to complete an Identifying Information Form constructed ad hoc, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Multi-Measure Agnostic Personality Scale, and the Identity Stage Resolution Index Data showed that unemployed young adults have a lower adult and social identity sense than employed ones, who also present an elevated level of ego-strength Furthermore, results underline that having a permanent employment, an elevated self-esteem, and good ego-strength, and internal locus of control are predictive of the adult identity among employed subjects These young people’s difficulties to securely enter a profession is a risk factor for establishing a social identity, as well as, for the mental health; they may even impact one’s awareness, especially because the principle on which post-modern society is based is the demonstration of the value of one’s own resources
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Cites background from "One dimensional man"
...…the individual to satisfy the needs to plan, self-realise and fulfil one’s confidence: a “fatherless” cultural context, deprived of a symbolic castration law which rules and establishes the borders of social acting (Recalcati, 2010), which would reduce the individual to a dimension (Marcuse, 1964)....
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..., 2017c), dominated by the principle of efficiency and of maximum performance, which makes it hard for the individual to satisfy the needs to plan, self-realise and fulfil one’s confidence: a “fatherless” cultural context, deprived of a symbolic castration law which rules and establishes the borders of social acting (Recalcati, 2010), which would reduce the individual to a dimension (Marcuse, 1964)....
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TL;DR: Although the conceptual models developed by a number of leading psychological and sociological theorists are relevant to understanding traditional educational processes, no one of them seems adequate to the major contemporary task of forecasting alternative innovative educational systems.
Abstract: Although the conceptual models developed by a number of leading psychological and sociological theorists are relevant to understanding traditional educational processes, no one of them seems adequate to the major contemporary task of forecasting alternative innovative educational systems. Current theorizing about education is especially deficient with regard to &dquo;experiential&dquo; learning involving the whole person, in contrast to &dquo;cognitive&dquo; learning of stored knowledge and select problem-solving skills. Consequently, as a point of departure,
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TL;DR: In this article, interviews with 44 adults examine the relationship of consumption and purchasing things to favourite activities, travel, and "good times" as well as shopping as leisure, finding that consumption is instrumental to activity engagement and social dimensions for most leisure.
Abstract: Critical theory has focused on the theme of the commodification of leisure. Leisure is defined as a market-mediated instrument of control that binds workers to an alienated production process. The evidence offered by proponents of the critique is mostly indirect and often mixed. In an exploratory study, interviews with 44 adults examine the relationship of consumption and purchasing things to favourite activities, travel, and ‘good times’ as well as shopping as leisure. In general, consumption is found to be instrumental to activity engagement and social dimensions for most leisure. Privatization is proposed as an alternative model for contemporary leisure styles.
25 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined accounts of travelers in terms of Erving Goffman's front versus back distinction and found that tourists try to enter back regions of the places they visit because these regions are associated with intimacy of relations and authenticity of experiences.
Abstract: The problem of false consciousness and its relationship to the social structure of tourist establishments is analyzed. Accounts of travelers are examined in terms of Erving Goffman's front versus back distinction. It is found that tourists try to enter back regions of the places they visit because these regions are associated with intimacy of relations and authenticity of experiences. It is also found that tourist settings are arrenged to produce the impression that a back region has been entered even when this is not the case. In tourist settings, between the front and the back there is a series of special spaces designed to accommodate tourists and to support their beliefs in the authenticity of their experiences. Goffman's front-back dichotomy is shown to be ideal poles of a continuum, or a variable.
2,627 citations
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01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Casey as discussed by the authors explored the effects of contemporary practices of work on the self and found that changes currently occuring in the world of work are part of the vast social and cultural changes that are challenging the meta trends of modern industrialism.
Abstract: Despite recent interest in the effects of restructuring and redesigning the work place, the link between individual identity and structural change has usually been asserted rather than demonstrated. Through an extensive review of data from field work in a multi-national corporation Catherine Casey changes this. She knows that changes currently occuring in the world of work are part of the vast social and cultural changes that are challenging the meta trends of modern industrialism. These events affect what people do everyday, and they are altering relations among ourselves and with the physical world. This valuable book is not only a critical analysis of the transformations occurring in the world of work, but an exploration of the effects of contemporary practices of work on the self.
540 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors interpret critical urban theory with reference to four mutually interconnected elements: its theoretical character; its reflexivity; its critique of instrumental reason; and its emphasis on the disjuncture between the actual and the possible.
Abstract: What is critical urban theory? While this phrase is often used in a descriptive sense, to characterize the tradition of post‐1968 leftist or radical urban studies, I argue that it also has determinate social–theoretical content. To this end, building on the work of several Frankfurt School social philosophers, this paper interprets critical theory with reference to four, mutually interconnected elements—its theoretical character; its reflexivity; its critique of instrumental reason; and its emphasis on the disjuncture between the actual and the possible. On this basis, a brief concluding section considers the status of urban questions within critical social theory. In the early 21st century, I argue, each of the four key elements within critical social theory requires sustained engagement with contemporary patterns of capitalist urbanization. Under conditions of increasingly generalized, worldwide urbanization, the project of critical social theory and that of critical urban theory have been intertwined a...
356 citations
TL;DR: The authors provide an overview of the key images of identity in organizations found in the research literature, including self-doubters, strugglers, surfers, storytellers, strategists, stencils and soldiers.
Abstract: This article provides an overview of the key images of identity in organizations found in the research literature. Image refers to the overall idea or conceptualization, capturing how researchers relate to — and shape — a phenomenon. Seven images are suggested: self-doubters, strugglers, surfers, storytellers, strategists, stencils and soldiers. These refer to how the individual is metaphorically understood in terms of identity, that is, how the researcher (research text) captures the individual producing a sense of self. The article aims to facilitate orientation — or encourage productive confusion — within the field, encourage reflexivity and sharpen analytic choices through awareness of options for how to conceptualize self-identity constructions.
289 citations