scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

One dimensional man

01 May 1965-Philosophical Books (Blackwell Publishing Ltd)-Vol. 6, Iss: 2, pp 17-20
About: This article is published in Philosophical Books.The article was published on 1965-05-01. It has received 2842 citations till now.
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The demarcation of science from other intellectual activities is an analytic problem for philosophers and sociologists and is examined as a practical problem for scientists in this article, where a set of characteristics available for ideological attribution to science reflect ambivalences or strains within the institution: science can be made to look empirical or theoretical, pure or applied.
Abstract: The demarcation of science from other intellectual activities-long an analytic problem for philosophers and sociologists-is here examined as a practical problem for scientists. Construction of a boundary between science and varieties of non-science is useful for scientists' pursuit of professional goals: acquisition of intellectual authority and career opportunities; denial of these resources to "pseudoscientists"; and protection of the autonomy of scientific research from political interference. "Boundary-work" describes an ideological style found in scientists' attempts to create a public image for science by contrasting it favorably to non-scientific intellectual or technical activities. Alternative sets of characteristics available for ideological attribution to science reflect ambivalences or strains within the institution: science can be made to look empirical or theoretical, pure or applied. However, selection of one or another description depends on which characteristics best achieve the demarcation in a way that justifies scientists' claims to authority or resources. Thus, "science" is no single thing: its boundaries are drawn and redrawn inflexible, historically changing and sometimes ambiguous ways.

3,402 citations


Cites background from "One dimensional man"

  • ...Still others define science as an ideology itself (Marcuse, 1964); for Habermas (1970:115) the form of scientific knowledge embodies its own values of prediction and control, and thus may substitute for "the demolished bourgeois ideology" in legitimating structures of domination and repression....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the corporate social reporting literature, its major theoretical preoccupations and empirical conclusions, attempts to re-examine the theoretical tensions that exist between “classical” political economy interpretations of social disclosure and those from more “bourgeois” perspectives.
Abstract: Takes as its departure point the criticism of Guthrie and Parker by Arnold and the Tinker et al. critique of Gray et al. Following an extensive review of the corporate social reporting literature, its major theoretical preoccupations and empirical conclusions, attempts to re‐examine the theoretical tensions that exist between “classical” political economy interpretations of social disclosure and those from more “bourgeois” perspectives. Argues that political economy, legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory need not be competitor theories but may, if analysed appropriately, be seen as alternative and mutually enriching theories from alternative levels of resolution. Offers evidence from 13 years of social disclosure by UK companies and attempts to interpret this from different levels of resolution. There is little doubt that social disclosure practice has changed dramatically in the period. The theoretical perspectives prove to offer different, but mutually enhancing, interpretations of these phenomena.

2,923 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined accounts of travelers in terms of Erving Goffman's front versus back distinction and found that tourists try to enter back regions of the places they visit because these regions are associated with intimacy of relations and authenticity of experiences.
Abstract: The problem of false consciousness and its relationship to the social structure of tourist establishments is analyzed. Accounts of travelers are examined in terms of Erving Goffman's front versus back distinction. It is found that tourists try to enter back regions of the places they visit because these regions are associated with intimacy of relations and authenticity of experiences. It is also found that tourist settings are arrenged to produce the impression that a back region has been entered even when this is not the case. In tourist settings, between the front and the back there is a series of special spaces designed to accommodate tourists and to support their beliefs in the authenticity of their experiences. Goffman's front-back dichotomy is shown to be ideal poles of a continuum, or a variable.

2,627 citations


Cites background from "One dimensional man"

  • ...David Riesman's "other directed" (1950) and Herbert Marcuse's "one-dimensional" men (1964) are products of a traditional intellectual concern for the superficiality of knowledge in mass industrial society, but the tourist setting per se is just beginning to prompt intellectual commentary....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the rise of the modern cultural engineering paradigm of branding, premised upon a consumer culture that granted marketers cultural authority, and describe the current post-postmodern consumer culture, which is premised on the pursuit of personal sovereignty through brands.
Abstract: Brands are today under attack by an emerging countercultural movement. This study builds a dialectical theory of consumer culture and branding that explains the rise of this movement and its potential effects. Results of an interpretive study challenge existing theories of consumer resistance. To develop an alternative model, I first trace the rise of the modern cultural engineering paradigm of branding, premised upon a consumer culture that granted marketers cultural authority. Intrinsic contradictions erased its efficacy. Next I describe the current postmodern consumer culture, which is premised upon the pursuit of personal sovereignty through brands. I detail five postmodern branding techniques that are premised upon the principle that brands are authentic cultural resources. Postmodern branding is now giving rise to new contradictions that have inflamed the antibranding sentiment sweeping Western countries. I detail these contradictions and project that they will give rise to a new post-postmodern branding paradigm premised upon brands as citizen-artists.

1,797 citations

Book
Jon Elster1
29 Jul 1983
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a list of states that are essentially by-products of rationality, bias, and ideology, including sour grapes, as well as byproducts of belief, bias and ideology.
Abstract: Preface and acknowledgements 1. Rationality 2. States that are essentially by-products 3. Sour grapes 4. Belief, bias and ideology References Index.

1,221 citations

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors expose some views on the intellectual and sociological roots of the malaise, advocating a philosophical stance rooted in pragmatism and particularly in John Dewey's pragmatic stance.
Abstract: Again and again scholars evoke a seriously dysfunctional relationship between management research and education on the one hand, and the practice of management on the other. We share this viewpoint, and with this appraisal intend to (re-) open the debate. We expose some views on the intellectual and sociological roots of the malaise, advocating a philosophical stance rooted in pragmatism and particularly in John Dewey’s pragmatic stance. We outline a number of essentially workable, albeit for debate’s sake provocative and unpolished proposals for the redesign of academic institutions and of their publishing process. We sketch out radical redesign of academia—with, inter alia, (a) permeable academic and practical careers, so that executives and scholars could move between and act within each others’ realities; (b) a focus of management education on post-experience graduate level; and (c) an academic publishing process worthy of the real-time era of the Internet.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The importance of not just interpreting the world but actually changing it has been recognized in all forms of critical theory up to toda... as mentioned in this paper, and it has remained an important imperative that has existed within critical theory until today.
Abstract: When Marx proclaimed the importance of not just interpreting the world but actually changing it, he initiated an important imperative that has existed within all forms of critical theory up to toda...

9 citations

01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: This article analyzed the relationship between technological innovation and social cleavage in order to trace the development of the differing attitudes and value sets over a period of time and identify the two value systems empirically.
Abstract: Student activism has become so familiar a feature of Western politics that the silent generation of students in the 1950's and early 1960's almost seems an aberrant phenomenon. Because radical students confront social authorities demanding reforms, it is not surprising that many in positions of authority eye student radicals with certain misgivings. An apprehensive attitude therefore exists on both sides. This study of student unrest analyses the relationship between technological innovation and social cleavage in order to trace the development of the differing attitudes and value sets over a period of time. The value dichotomy can be most appropriately illustrated by surveying the literature stating the radicals position towards the contemporary university and comparing this to the conservative position. The problem then is to identify the two value systems empirically. A measurement of the belief systems of dissenting youth would find if the belief systems of the older generation differed and discover if more than one value system is represented among student activists. The scores obtained on Rokeach's Dogmatism Scale of student activists who participated in a boycott of classes at W.L.U. were compared to the scores of the faculty and administrators and a random sample of the general student population in order to obtain the composition of the groups' belief systems. A generation gap in values would appear to exist in light of these scores. i Confrontations then, appear to reflect the division in cultural norms that exist between certain alienated youth and those in authority. Until the dominant norms adjust and acconmodate the alienated sector, it would seem that modern society can expect further manifestations of generational conflict. This would especially hold true in light of much of the recent literature on student activism which suggests that the contemporary conflict may represent a different type of rebellion than the traditional son versus father situation. It seems that it is difficult to provide the sense of continuity necessary for a stable upbringing when societies are so totally committed to change.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Lower East Side Collective, Housing Works, the New York City AIDS Housing Network, and the More Gardens! Coalition as discussed by the authors describe how four distinct groups (Lower East Side, HousingWorks, Housing Network and More Gardens!)struggled against social and economic threats to build effective coalitions, caring communities and create wins.
Abstract: The impact of major political and economic transformations was felt first in urban neighborhoods. Yet the ways community organizations respond suggests a future global city that is open, egalitarian, safe, just, and joyous. Neighborhoods and their members sometimes manage to thrive as innovative community organizers fight displacement, organize immigrants, build syringe exchanges, plant gardens, and ride bikes through streets in an example of what a healthy neighborhood can be. This article describes how four distinct groups—The Lower East Side Collective, Housing Works, the New York City AIDS Housing Network, and the More Gardens! Coalition—struggled against social and economic threats to build effective coalitions, caring communities and create wins. The Four Narratives serve as best practice examples of contemporary community organizing practices.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Dec 2019
TL;DR: The Dubliners 100 collection as mentioned in this paper is a collection of rewritten versions of Joyce's Dubliners by contemporary Irish writers, using the same titles and showing several parallels with the original stories, but set in early twenty-first-century Dublin, many around the time of the financial crisis of 2008.
Abstract: In twenty-first-century Dublin, it is difficult to see what caused all the fuss that delayed the publication of Joyce’s Dubliners for so long, but part of the problem was his – actually rather subtle - treatment of sexuality. [1] In Dubliners, Joyce examined a colonial culture dominated, as Marilyn French argued, by popular Catholicism and ideas of propriety, both of which resulted in the repression of ‘the sexual’ along with ‘the sensual and sensuous’. Dubliners 100 (2014) is a collection of rewritten versions of Joyce’s Dubliners by contemporary Irish writers, using the same titles and showing several parallels with the original stories, but set in early twenty-first-century Dublin, many around the time of the financial crisis of 2008. Sexuality features in many of these stories too, but in ways that illustrate some of the changes in attitudes to sex and the social and cultural context of sexuality in Ireland since the late nineteenth century. Some of the contemporary stories also reveal a culture in which the expression of the sexual, the sensual and the sensuous is still dominated and constrained, if by different powers than in Joyce’s day. This article will compare a selection of Joyce’s stories (‘Araby’, ‘Eveline’, ‘The Boarding House’, and ‘Clay’) with the contemporary versions, specifically in terms of the treatment of sexuality. [1] According to Ellmann, one of the passages printers objected to was a line in ‘Counterparts’ referring to a ‘woman’s changing the position of her legs often and brushing against a man’s chair’. Richard Ellmann, James Joyce (Oxford, London…: Oxford University Press, 1982), 220.

9 citations