Open volumetric air receiver: An innovative application and a major challenge
About: This article is published in Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment.The article was published on 2021-04-29. It has received 1 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this article , a multi-zone, unsteady heat transfer model is developed for a straight absorber pore-based open volumetric air receiver, which includes heat exchange between the porous absorbers, absorbers and receiver casing.
Abstract: A comprehensive, multi-zone, unsteady heat transfer model is developed for a straight absorber pore-based open volumetric air receiver. This includes heat exchange between the porous absorbers, absorbers and receiver casing, and absorbers and return air. The validation revealed its predictive capability within an uncertainty of ±7%. The model is used for the scale-up of receiver design with several intermediate absorber layers. The major recommendations for scale-up are a) multiple absorber layers is beneficial for mitigating thermal stress, b) higher flux concentration is required for non-volumetric heating, to achieve the desired air temperature, compared to volumetric heating, c) air return ratio should be 0.6, d) absorber porosity should be 0.6 for volumetric heating and higher for non-volumetric heating, e) absorber gap to length ratio should be 0.15 -0.25, f) the radiative heat loss is substantial for non-volumetric heating; therefore, the exposed surface area to ambient should be reduced, and g) absorber diameter to length ratio should be 1-2. The developed approach is generic and adaptable for the different open volumetric air receiver designs.
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TL;DR: In this article, the Stokes' shape factor (K1) and the Newton's shape factor or scruple (K2) were modeled as functions of the geometric shape descriptors' sphericity and the projected area in the direction of motion.
Abstract: In the past, general formulas for calculating the drag coefficient for both spherical and nonspherical particles have involved a dependence on a Reynolds number (Re) and one or more shape descriptors resulting in complicated functions of at least two variables. This paper shows that both the Stokes' shape factor (K1) and the Newton's shape factor or scruple (K2) are important for the prediction of drag. However, instead of requiring a function of three variables (Re, K1, K2) to predict drag, a function only of the generalized Reynolds number ReK1K2 is needed. The shape factors K1 and K2 are then modeled as functions of the geometric shape descriptors' sphericity and the projected area in the direction of motion. Goodness of fit to experimental data is calculated and compared with a recently determined formula.
580 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the most important studies on the major components of central receiver solar thermal power plants including the heliostat field, the solar receiver and the power conversion system.
Abstract: The use of central receiver system (CRS) for electricity production promises to be one of the most viable options to replace fossil fuel power plants. Indeed, research and development activities on its basic subsystems have been booming rapidly since 1980s. This paper reviews the most important studies on the major components of central receiver solar thermal power plants including the heliostat field, the solar receiver and the power conversion system. After an overview of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) technology, current status and applications of the CRSs are highlighted. Next, a detailed literature survey of existing design comprising optical, thermal and thermodynamic analysis, and techniques used to assess components have been arranged. This is followed by experimental investigations in which design concepts are established. The last section contains recent subsequent improvement of such key components as heliostat, receiver and hybrid solar gas turbine that are boosting in many R&D activities merging international collaboration during the past 30 years.
575 citations
"Open volumetric air receiver: An in..." refers background in this paper
...The CST systems are mainly categorized into line and point focusing (Behar et al., 2013)....
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TL;DR: A chronological review of the volumetric receivers of most interest for electricity production, identifying their different configurations, materials and real and expected results, and pointing out their main advantages and conclusions based on the multitude of international and national projects reports and references.
Abstract: Deployment of the first generation of grid-connected plants for electricity production, based on Solar Thermal Power Plants with Central Receiver System technology using large heliostat fields and a solar receiver placed on the top of a tower, is currently being boosted by the first commercial plants in Spain, PS10, PS20, and Gemasolar. Therefore one of the main goals of solar technology research is the study of existing receivers and development of new designs to minimize heat losses. In this context, volumetric receivers appear to be the best alternative to tube receivers, mainly due to their functionality and geometric configuration. They consist of a porous material that absorbs concentrated radiation inside the volume of a structure and transfers the absorbed heat to a fluid passing through the structure. Solar radiation is first converted into thermal energy or chemical potential, and then at a later stage, into electricity. This volumetric receiver technology has been under development since the early 1990s in various research and development projects. This paper is a chronological review of the volumetric receivers of most interest for electricity production, identifying their different configurations, materials and real and expected results, and pointing out their main advantages and conclusions based on the multitude of international and national projects reports and references. This study also deals with other important issues surrounding the volumetric receiver, such as the basic plant configuration, flow stability phenomenon and the main problems of a windowed design for pressurized receivers.
523 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the volume, shape, and roundness of rock particles were discussed and a more comprehensive work had been prepared for publication, which was criticised by Dr. C. K. Wentworth in this number of the Journal.
Abstract: The purpose of my article "Volume, Shape, and Roundness of Rock Particles," which appeared in the Journal of Geology,' was to secure priority and to announce that a more comprehensive work had been prepared for publication.2 This preliminary article is the subject of criticism by Dr. C. K. Wentworth in this number of the Journal. Because of this criticism it seems advisable to go further into the problem and also to consider critically that part of Wentworth's own research work which is the foundation for his opinion.
483 citations
"Open volumetric air receiver: An in..." refers background in this paper
...Some important parameters, for analyzing the particle transport, are the volume-equivalent-sphere diameter or nominal diameter of a particle (dnp), sphericity (ψ) and surface equivalent sphere diameter dA in terms of the projected area of the sphere (Ap), which are adapted from Wadell (1933)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the physical processes responsible for the transport and deposition of particles and their theoretical modeling are discussed, including stochastic Lagrangian particle tracking and a unified Eulerian advection diffusion approach.
Abstract: This article reviews the physical processes responsible for the transport and deposition of particles and their theoretical modeling. Both laminar and turbulent processes are considered, emphasizing the physical understanding of the various transport mechanisms. State-of-the-art computational methods for determining particle motion and deposition are discussed, including stochastic Lagrangian particle tracking and a unified Eulerian advection-diffusion approach. The theory presented includes Brownian and turbulent diffusion, turbophoresis, thermophoresis, inertial impaction, gravitational settling, electrical forces, and the effects of surface roughness and particle interception. The article describes two example applications: the deposition of particles in the human respiratory tract and deposition in gas and steam turbines.
364 citations
"Open volumetric air receiver: An in..." refers background in this paper
...Transport of solid particles and their deposition has been studied extensively in laminar pipe flow (Babaei et al., 2015; Chen et al., 1996; Gimenez et al., 2012; Guha, 2008; He & Ahmadi, 1998; Ingham, 1975, 1991; Tsai et al., 2004; Walker et al., 1979)....
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