Journal ArticleDOI
Operant Conditioning of Cortical Unit Activity
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The activity of single neurons in precentral cortex of unanesthetized monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was conditioned by reinforcing high rates of neuronal discharge with delivery of a food pellet with auditory or visual feedback of unit firing rates.Abstract:
The activity of single neurons in precentral cortex of unanesthetized monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was conditioned by reinforcing high rates of neuronal discharge with delivery of a food pellet. Auditory or visual feedback of unit firing rates was usually provided in addition to food reinforcement. After several training sessions, monkeys could increase the activity of newly isolated cells by 50 to 500 percent above rates before reinforcement.read more
Citations
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Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control
TL;DR: The brain's electrical signals enable people without muscle control to physically interact with the world through the use of their brains' electrical signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learning to Control a Brain–Machine Interface for Reaching and Grasping by Primates
Jose M. Carmena,Mikhail A. Lebedev,Roy E. Crist,Joseph E. O'Doherty,David M. Santucci,Dragan F. Dimitrov,Parag G. Patil,Craig S. Henriquez,Miguel A. L. Nicolelis +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that primates can learn to reach and grasp virtual objects by controlling a robot arm through a closed-loop brain–machine interface (BMIc) that uses multiple mathematical models to extract several motor parameters from the electrical activity of frontoparietal neuronal ensembles.
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Brain–machine interfaces: past, present and future
TL;DR: This paper discusses designing a fully implantable biocompatible recording device, further developing real-time computational algorithms, introducing a method for providing the brain with sensory feedback from the actuators, and designing and building artificial prostheses that can be controlled directly by brain-derived signals.
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Real-time control of a robot arm using simultaneously recorded neurons in the motor cortex
TL;DR: A possible means for movement restoration in paralysis patients is suggested after rats trained to position a robot arm to obtain water by pressing a lever routinely used brain-derived signals to position the robot arm and obtain water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neural Syntax: Cell Assemblies, Synapsembles, and Readers
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that cell assemblies are best understood in light of their output product, as detected by "reader-actuator" mechanisms, and it is suggested that the hierarchical organization of cell assemblies may be regarded as a neural syntax.
References
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Relation of pyramidal tract activity to force exerted during voluntary movement.
TL;DR: It was found that for many PTNs, responses to the conditioned stimulus preceded the first peripheral electromyographic correlates of the conditioned response (wrist extension) and showed that they were not consequent upon feedback resulting from the movement.
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Pyramidal tract activity associated with a conditioned hand movement in the monkey.
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Discharge of Purkinje and cerebellar nuclear neurons during rapidly alternating arm movements in the monkey.
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Control and training of individual motor units.
TL;DR: Experiments clearly demonstrate that with the help of auditory and visual cues man can single out motor units and control their isolated contractions and provide a new glimpse of the fineness of conscious motor controls.