Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology
Robert S. Fisher,J. Helen Cross,Jacqueline A. French,Norimichi Higurashi,Edouard Hirsch,Floor E. Jansen,Lieven Lagae,Solomon L. Moshé,Jukka Peltola,Eliane Roulet Perez,Ingrid E. Scheffer,Sameer M. Zuberi,Sameer M. Zuberi +12 more
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The International League Against Epilepsy presents a revised operational classification of seizure types to recognize that some seizure types can have either a focal or generalized onset, to allow classification when the onset is unobserved, to include some missing seizure types, and to adopt more transparent names.Abstract:
The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) presents a revised operational classification of seizure types. The purpose of such a revision is to recognize that some seizure types can have either a focal or generalized onset, to allow classification when the onset is unobserved, to include some missing seizure types, and to adopt more transparent names. Because current knowledge is insufficient to form a scientifically based classification, the 2017 Classification is operational (practical) and based on the 1981 Classification, extended in 2010. Changes include the following: (1) "partial" becomes "focal"; (2) awareness is used as a classifier of focal seizures; (3) the terms dyscognitive, simple partial, complex partial, psychic, and secondarily generalized are eliminated; (4) new focal seizure types include automatisms, behavior arrest, hyperkinetic, autonomic, cognitive, and emotional; (5) atonic, clonic, epileptic spasms, myoclonic, and tonic seizures can be of either focal or generalized onset; (6) focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure replaces secondarily generalized seizure; (7) new generalized seizure types are absence with eyelid myoclonia, myoclonic absence, myoclonic-atonic, myoclonic-tonic-clonic; and (8) seizures of unknown onset may have features that can still be classified. The new classification does not represent a fundamental change, but allows greater flexibility and transparency in naming seizure types.read more
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ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology.
Ingrid E. Scheffer,Samuel F. Berkovic,Giuseppe Capovilla,Mary B. Connolly,Jacqueline A. French,Laura Maria de Figueiredo Ferreira Guilhoto,Edouard Hirsch,Satish Jain,Gary W. Mathern,Solomon L. Moshé,Douglas R. Nordli,Emilio Perucca,Torbjörn Tomson,Samuel Wiebe,Yuehua Zhang,Sameer M. Zuberi,Sameer M. Zuberi +16 more
TL;DR: The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Classification of the Epilepsies has been updated to reflect our gain in understanding of the epilepsies and their underlying mechanisms following the major scientific advances that have taken place since the last ratified classification in 1989 as mentioned in this paper.
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Epilepsy in adults
TL;DR: Improved understanding of the gradual development of epilepsy, epigenetic determinants, and pharmacogenomics comes the hope for better, disease-modifying, or even curative, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment strategies.
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The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2021
Sebastian Köhler,Michael A. Gargano,Nicolas Matentzoglu,Leigh C. Carmody,David Lewis-Smith,David Lewis-Smith,Nicole Vasilevsky,Daniel Danis,Daniel Danis,Ganna Balagura,Gareth Baynam,Gareth Baynam,Amy Brower,Tiffany J. Callahan,Christopher G. Chute,Johanna L. Est,Peter D. Galer,Shiva Ganesan,Matthias Griese,Matthias Haimel,Julia Pazmandi,Julia Pazmandi,Marc Hanauer,Nomi L. Harris,Michael Hartnett,Maximilian Hastreiter,Fabian Hauck,Yongqun He,Tim Jeske,Hugh Kearney,Gerhard Kindle,Christoph Klein,Katrin Knoflach,Roland Krause,David Lagorce,Julie A. McMurry,Jillian A. Miller,Monica Munoz-Torres,Rebecca L. Peters,Christina K Rapp,Ana Rath,Shahmir A. Rind,Avi Z. Rosenberg,Michael M. Segal,Markus G. Seidel,Damian Smedley,Tomer Talmy,Yarlalu Thomas,Samuel A. Wiafe,Julie Xian,Zafer Yüksel,Ingo Helbig,Ingo Helbig,Christopher J. Mungall,Melissa A. Haendel,Melissa A. Haendel,Peter N. Robinson +56 more
TL;DR: Recent major extensions of the Human Phenotype Ontology for neurology, nephrology, immunology, pulmonology, newborn screening, and other areas are presented and new efforts to harmonize computational definitions of phenotypic abnormalities across the HPO and multiple phenotype ontologies used for animal models of disease are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Ettore Beghi,Giorgia Giussani,Emma Nichols,Foad Abd-Allah,Jemal Abdela,Ahmed Abdelalim,Haftom Niguse Abraha,Mina G. Adib,Sutapa Agrawal,Fares Alahdab,Ashish Awasthi,Yohanes Ayele,Miguel A Barboza,Abate Bekele Belachew,Belete Biadgo,Ali Bijani,Helen Bitew,Félix Carvalho,Yazan Chaiah,Ahmad Daryani,Huyen Phuc Do,Manisha Dubey,Aman Yesuf Endries,Sharareh Eskandarieh,André Faro,Farshad Farzadfar,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Eduarda Fernandes,Daniel Obadare Fijabi,Irina Filip,Florian Fischer,Abadi Kahsu Gebre,Afewerki Gebremeskel Tsadik,Teklu Gebrehiwo Gebremichael,Kebede Embaye Gezae,Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman,Kidu Gidey Weldegwergs,Meaza Girma Degefa,Elena V. Gnedovskaya,Tekleberhan B. Hagos,Arvin Haj-Mirzaian,Arya Haj-Mirzaian,Hamid Yimam Hassen,Simon I. Hay,Mihajlo Jakovljevic,Amir Kasaeian,Tesfaye Dessale Kassa,Yousef Khader,Ibrahim A Khalil,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Jagdish Khubchandani,Adnan Kisa,Kristopher J Krohn,Chanda Kulkarni,Yirga Legesse Nirayo,Mark T Mackay,Marek Majdan,Azeem Majeed,Treh Manhertz,Man Mohan Mehndiratta,Tesfa Mekonen,Hagazi Gebre Meles,Getnet Mengistu,Shafiu Mohammed,Mohsen Naghavi,Ali H. Mokdad,Ghulam Mustafa,Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani,Long Hoang Nguyen,Molly R Nixon,Felix Akpojene Ogbo,Andrew T Olagunju,Tinuke O Olagunju,Mayowa O. Owolabi,Michael Phillips,Gabriel David Pinilla-Monsalve,Mostafa Qorbani,Amir Radfar,Anwar Rafay,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Nickolas Reinig,Perminder S. Sachdev,Hosein Safari,Saeed Safari,Saeid Safiri,Mohammad Ali Sahraian,Abdallah M. Samy,Shahabeddin Sarvi,Monika Sawhney,Masood Ali Shaikh,Mehdi Sharif,Gagandeep Singh,Mari Smith,Cassandra Szoeke,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Mohamad-Hani Temsah,Omar Temsah,Miguel Tortajada-Girbés,Bach Xuan Tran,Amanuel Amanuel Tesfay Tsegay,Irfan Ullah,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Ronny Westerman,Andrea Sylvia Winkler,Ebrahim M Yimer,Naohiro Yonemoto,Valery L. Feigin,Theo Vos,Christopher J L Murray +108 more
TL;DR: Despite the decrease in the disease burden from 1990 to 2016, epilepsy is still an important cause of disability and mortality, and was similar among SDI quintiles.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Epidemiology of Epilepsy.
TL;DR: The overall prognosis of epilepsy is favorable in the majority of patients when measured by seizure freedom, and reports from low/middle-income countries (LMIC; where patients with epilepsy are largely untreated) give prevalence and remission rates that overlap those of HICs.
References
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Anne T. Berg,Anne T. Berg,Samuel F. Berkovic,Martin J. Brodie,Jeffrey Buchhalter,J. Helen Cross,Walter van Emde Boas,Jerome Engel,Jacqueline A. French,Tracy A. Glauser,Gary W. Mathern,Solomon L. Moshé,Douglas R. Nordli,Perrine Plouin,Ingrid E. Scheffer +14 more
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ILAE Official Report: A practical clinical definition of epilepsy
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Eugen Trinka,Hannah R. Cock,Dale C. Hesdorffer,Andrea O. Rossetti,Ingrid E. Scheffer,Shlomo Shinnar,Simon Shorvon,Daniel H. Lowenstein +7 more
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