Optical imaging by means of two-photon quantum entanglement.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-photon optical imaging experiment was performed based on the quantum nature of the signal and idler photon pairs produced in spontaneous parametric down-conversion, where an aperture placed in front of a fixed detector is illuminated by the signal beam through a convex lens.
Abstract: A two-photon optical imaging experiment was performed based on the quantum nature of the signal and idler photon pairs produced in spontaneous parametric down-conversion. An aperture placed in front of a fixed detector is illuminated by the signal beam through a convex lens. A sharp magnified image of the aperture is found in the coincidence counting rate when a mobile detector is scanned in the transverse plane of the idler beam at a specific distance in relation to the lens.
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TL;DR: This work has shown that conventional bounds to the precision of measurements such as the shot noise limit or the standard quantum limit are not as fundamental as the Heisenberg limits and can be beaten using quantum strategies that employ “quantum tricks” such as squeezing and entanglement.
Abstract: Quantum mechanics, through the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, imposes limits on the precision of measurement. Conventional measurement techniques typically fail to reach these limits. Conventional bounds to the precision of measurements such as the shot noise limit or the standard quantum limit are not as fundamental as the Heisenberg limits and can be beaten using quantum strategies that employ “quantum tricks” such as squeezing and entanglement.
2,421 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a computational ghost-imaging arrangement that uses only a single-pixel detector, which affords background-free imagery in the narrow-band limit and a three-dimensional sectioning capability.
Abstract: Ghost-imaging experiments correlate the outputs from two photodetectors: a high spatial-resolution (scanning pinhole or charge-coupled-device camera) detector that measures a field which has not interacted with the object to be imaged and a bucket (single-pixel) detector that collects a field that has interacted with the object. We describe a computational ghost-imaging arrangement that uses only a single-pixel detector. This configuration affords background-free imagery in the narrow-band limit and a three-dimensional sectioning capability. It clearly indicates the classical nature of ghost-image formation.
1,040 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an advanced image reconstruction algorithm for pseudothermal ghost imaging, based on compressed sensing, is presented. But the algorithm is limited to pseudothermal images and cannot be applied to images taken from other pseudothermal imaging experiments.
Abstract: We describe an advanced image reconstruction algorithm for pseudothermal ghost imaging, reducing the number of measurements required for image recovery by an order of magnitude. The algorithm is based on compressed sensing, a technique that enables the reconstruction of an N-pixel image from much less than N measurements. We demonstrate the algorithm using experimental data from a pseudothermal ghost-imaging setup. The algorithm can be applied to data taken from past pseudothermal ghost-imaging experiments, improving the reconstruction’s quality.
793 citations
TL;DR: A computational imaging method is used to reconstruct a three-dimensional scene, without the need for lenses, and this simplified approach to 3D imaging can readily be extended to nonvisible wavebands.
Abstract: Computational imaging enables retrieval of the spatial information of an object with the use of single-pixel detectors. By projecting a series of known random patterns and measuring the backscattered intensity, it is possible to reconstruct a two-dimensional (2D) image. We used several single-pixel detectors in different locations to capture the 3D form of an object. From each detector we derived a 2D image that appeared to be illuminated from a different direction, even though only a single digital projector was used for illumination. From the shading of the images, the surface gradients could be derived and the 3D object reconstructed. We compare our result to that obtained from a stereophotogrammetric system using multiple cameras. Our simplified approach to 3D imaging can readily be extended to nonvisible wavebands.
691 citations
TL;DR: The first experimental demonstration of thermal "ghost" imaging is reported, where a two-photon Gaussian thin lens equation is observed and differences and similarities to entangled " ghost" imaging are discussed.
Abstract: We report the first experimental demonstration of two-photon imaging with a pseudothermal source. Similarly to the case of entangled states, a two-photon Gaussian thin lens equation is observed, indicating EPR type correlation in position. We introduce the concepts of two-photon coherent and two-photon incoherent imaging. The differences between the entangled and the thermal cases are explained in terms of these concepts.
632 citations