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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Optical parameters of embedded abnormalities in tissues as determined by Monte Carlo simulation

J.B. Jeeva1, Megha Singh1
09 Feb 2012-Proceedings of SPIE (International Society for Optics and Photonics)-Vol. 8221, pp 822113
TL;DR: In this article, Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to detect changes in the backscattered fraction (BSF) at various locations on the tissue surface, which is increased and decreased with the presence of adipose and spleen tissues located at various depths, respectively.
Abstract: The backscattered fraction of laser incident beam from the biological tissues depends on their composition, leading to change in their optical properties. The tissue models consist of heart tissue as the base embedded with adipose and spleen tissues at various depths from the tissues surface Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to detect the changes in back-scattered fraction (BSF) at various locations on the tissue surface. The BSF is increased and decreased with the presence of adipose and spleen tissues located at various depths, respectively. The location of these is carried by construction of the BSF images by scanning at various locations. From the variation in images the location and type of abnormality is determined. Thus this study provides the possibility of detection of various changes in tissue composition
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a discussion of diagnostic and dosimetric optical measurements in medicine and biology is presented, including tissue optical properties, tissue boundary conditions, and invasive versus noninvasive measurements.
Abstract: A discussion is presented of diagnostic and dosimetric optical measurements in medicine and biology. Topics covered include: tissue optical properties, tissue boundary conditions, and invasive versus noninvasive measurements. Clinical applications of therapeutic dosimetry and diagnostic spectroscopy are discussed. The principles of diffuse reflectance and transmittance measurements are presented. Experimental studies illustrate reflectance spectroscopy and steady-state versus time-resolved measurements. >

497 citations


"Optical parameters of embedded abno..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Due to this these, radiations are used for various medical applications [1-4]....

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TL;DR: This work reviews the use of fiber optic probes for optical spectroscopy, focusing on applications in turbid media, such as tissue, and covers universal design principles as well as technologies for beam deflecting and reshaping.
Abstract: Fiber optic probes are a key element for biomedical spectroscopic sensing. We review the use of fiber optic probes for optical spectroscopy, focusing on applications in turbid media, such as tissue. The design of probes for reflectance, polarized reflectance, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy is illustrated. We cover universal design principles as well as technologies for beam deflecting and reshaping.

464 citations


"Optical parameters of embedded abno..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...There are several techniques which have been used for specific applications such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) [13], optical spectroscopy [14] and spectral analysis [15] of the backscattered component are based on the measurement of backscattered radiation....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that advanced multilaser wavelength systems in the fingerprint spectral region can be a useful tool for in-vivo spectral imaging in biomedical research and diagnostic applications.
Abstract: Mid-infrared (MIR) (3–12 um) spectral imaging is a power analytical tool, but difficult in the back-reflectance mode for in-vivo diagnostics Feasibility of MIR back-reflectance imaging is demonstrated using MIR semiconductor lasers Transmittance through 500-µm thick films of water and blood showed a capability to resolve more than 6-OD signal dynamic range Reflectance scanning imaging through a 150-µm thick film of blood showed negligible scattering effect, indicating the feasibility of optical coherent imaging The result of coherent imaging of a plant leaf shows a MIR sub-surface image that would not be visible in white light With two wavelengths, a similar result for a chicken skin subcutaneous tissue at different focal depths was obtained, showing blood vessels beneath a lipid layer These results suggest that advanced multi-laser wavelength systems in the fingerprint spectral region can be a useful tool for in-vivo spectral imaging in biomedical research and diagnostic applications

197 citations

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TL;DR: Induced haemodynamic and blood oxygenation changes occurring within the brain of a ventilated newborn infant have been imaged in three dimensions using optical tomography, showing large changes in absorption coefficient at both wavelengths.
Abstract: Induced haemodynamic and blood oxygenation changes occurring within the brain of a ventilated newborn infant have been imaged in three dimensions using optical tomography. Noninvasive measurements of the flight times of transmitted light were acquired during illumination of the brain by laser pulses at wavelengths of 780 nm and 815 nm. The oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures were adjusted through alterations to the ventilator settings, resulting in changes to the cerebral blood volume and oxygenation. Three-dimensional images were generated using the physiologically associated differences in the measured data, obviating the need for data calibration using a separate reference measurement. The results exhibit large changes in absorption coefficient at both wavelengths. Images corresponding to differences in concentrations of oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin are in qualitative agreement with known physiological data.

166 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results presented in this paper represent the first simultaneous tomographic reconstruction of the internal scattering and absorbing properties of a clinical subject using purely temporal data, with additional co-registered difference images showing repeatable absorption changes at two wavelengths in response to exercise.
Abstract: A 32-channel time-resolved optical imaging instrument has been developed principally to study functional parameters of the new-born infant brain. As a prelude to studies on infants, the device and image reconstruction methodology have been evaluated on the adult human forearm. Cross-sectional images were generated using time-resolved measurements of transmitted light at two wavelengths. All data were acquired using a fully automated computer-controlled protocol. Images representing the internal scattering and absorbing properties of the arm are presented, as well as images that reveal physiological changes during a simple finger flexion exercise. The results presented in this paper represent the first simultaneous tomographic reconstruction of the internal scattering and absorbing properties of a clinical subject using purely temporal data, with additional co-registered difference images showing repeatable absorption changes at two wavelengths in response to exercise.

165 citations