Book•
Optical Wireless Communications: System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB®
08 Aug 2012-
TL;DR: The authors highlight past and current research activities to illustrate optical sources, transmitters, detectors, receivers, and other devices used in optical wireless communications and describe techniques for using theoretical analysis and simulation to mitigate channel impact on system performance.
Abstract: Detailing a systems approach, Optical Wireless Communications: System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB, is a self-contained volume that concisely and comprehensively covers the theory and technology of optical wireless communications systems (OWC) in a way that is suitable for undergraduate and graduate-level students, as well as researchers and professional engineers. Incorporating MATLAB throughout, the authors highlight past and current research activities to illustrate optical sources, transmitters, detectors, receivers, and other devices used in optical wireless communications. They also discuss both indoor and outdoor environments, discussing how different factorsincluding various channel modelsaffect system performance and mitigation techniques. In addition, this book broadly covers crucial aspects of OWC systems: Fundamental principles of OWC Devices and systems Modulation techniques and schemes (including polarization shift keying) Channel models and system performance analysis Emerging visible light communications Terrestrial free space optics communication Use of infrared in indoor OWC One entire chapter explores the emerging field of visible light communications, and others describe techniques for using theoretical analysis and simulation to mitigate channel impact on system performance. Additional topics include wavelet denoising, artificial neural networks, and spatial diversity. Content also covers different challenges encountered in OWC, as well as outlining possible solutions and current research trends. A major attraction of the book is the presentation of MATLAB simulations and codes, which enable readers to execute extensive simulations and better understand OWC in general.
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TL;DR: An up-to-date survey on FSO communication systems is presented, describing FSO channel models and transmitter/receiver structures and details on information theoretical limits of FSO channels and algorithmic-level system design research activities to approach these limits are provided.
Abstract: Optical wireless communication (OWC) refers to transmission in unguided propagation media through the use of optical carriers, i.e., visible, infrared (IR), and ultraviolet (UV) bands. In this survey, we focus on outdoor terrestrial OWC links which operate in near IR band. These are widely referred to as free space optical (FSO) communication in the literature. FSO systems are used for high rate communication between two fixed points over distances up to several kilometers. In comparison to radio-frequency (RF) counterparts, FSO links have a very high optical bandwidth available, allowing much higher data rates. They are appealing for a wide range of applications such as metropolitan area network (MAN) extension, local area network (LAN)-to-LAN connectivity, fiber back-up, backhaul for wireless cellular networks, disaster recovery, high definition TV and medical image/video transmission, wireless video surveillance/monitoring, and quantum key distribution among others. Despite the major advantages of FSO technology and variety of its application areas, its widespread use has been hampered by its rather disappointing link reliability particularly in long ranges due to atmospheric turbulence-induced fading and sensitivity to weather conditions. In the last five years or so, there has been a surge of interest in FSO research to address these major technical challenges. Several innovative physical layer concepts, originally introduced in the context of RF systems, such as multiple-input multiple-output communication, cooperative diversity, and adaptive transmission have been recently explored for the design of next generation FSO systems. In this paper, we present an up-to-date survey on FSO communication systems. The first part describes FSO channel models and transmitter/receiver structures. In the second part, we provide details on information theoretical limits of FSO channels and algorithmic-level system design research activities to approach these limits. Specific topics include advances in modulation, channel coding, spatial/cooperative diversity techniques, adaptive transmission, and hybrid RF/FSO systems.
1,749 citations
Cites background from "Optical Wireless Communications: Sy..."
...In near-IR, absorption occurs primarily due to water particles [47], [73]–[76]....
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TL;DR: This survey provides a technology overview and review of existing literature of visible light communication and sensing and outlines important challenges that need to be addressed in order to design high-speed mobile networks using visible light Communication-VLC.
Abstract: The solid-state lighting is revolutionizing the indoor illumination. Current incandescent and fluorescent lamps are being replaced by the LEDs at a rapid pace. Apart from extremely high energy efficiency, the LEDs have other advantages such as longer lifespan, lower heat generation, and improved color rendering without using harmful chemicals. One additional benefit of LEDs is that they are capable of switching to different light intensity at a very fast rate. This functionality has given rise to a novel communication technology (known as visible light communication—VLC) where LED luminaires can be used for high speed data transfer. This survey provides a technology overview and review of existing literature of visible light communication and sensing. This paper provides a detailed survey of 1) visible light communication system and characteristics of its various components such as transmitter and receiver; 2) physical layer properties of visible light communication channel, modulation methods, and MIMO techniques; 3) medium access techniques; 4) system design and programmable platforms; and 5) visible light sensing and application such as indoor localization, gesture recognition, screen-camera communication, and vehicular networking. We also outline important challenges that need to be addressed in order to design high-speed mobile networks using visible light communication.
1,208 citations
Cites background from "Optical Wireless Communications: Sy..."
...the variance of shot noise can be calculated [23], [31] as below...
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...The variance of thermal noise [23], [31] is...
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TL;DR: An exhaustive overview of recent advances in underwater optical wireless communication is provided and a hybrid approach to an acousto-optic communication system is presented that complements the existing acoustic system, resulting in high data rates, low latency, and an energy-efficient system.
Abstract: Underwater wireless information transfer is of great interest to the military, industry, and the scientific community, as it plays an important role in tactical surveillance, pollution monitoring, oil control and maintenance, offshore explorations, climate change monitoring, and oceanography research. In order to facilitate all these activities, there is an increase in the number of unmanned vehicles or devices deployed underwater, which require high bandwidth and high capacity for information transfer underwater. Although tremendous progress has been made in the field of acoustic communication underwater, however, it is limited by bandwidth. All this has led to the proliferation of underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC), as it provides higher data rates than the traditional acoustic communication systems with significantly lower power consumption and simpler computational complexities for short-range wireless links. UOWC has many potential applications ranging from deep oceans to coastal waters. However, the biggest challenge for underwater wireless communication originates from the fundamental characteristics of ocean or sea water; addressing these challenges requires a thorough understanding of complex physio-chemical biological systems. In this paper, the main focus is to understand the feasibility and the reliability of high data rate underwater optical links due to various propagation phenomena that impact the performance of the system. This paper provides an exhaustive overview of recent advances in UOWC. Channel characterization, modulation schemes, coding techniques, and various sources of noise which are specific to UOWC are discussed. This paper not only provides exhaustive research in underwater optical communication but also aims to provide the development of new ideas that would help in the growth of future underwater communication. A hybrid approach to an acousto-optic communication system is presented that complements the existing acoustic system, resulting in high data rates, low latency, and an energy-efficient system.
859 citations
Cites background from "Optical Wireless Communications: Sy..."
...Details of these modulation techniques can be studied in [169] and [170]....
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Chalmers University of Technology1, Bell Labs2, University of Southampton3, Technical University of Dortmund4, Ciena5, Heinrich Hertz Institute6, University of Cambridge7, Centre for Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems8, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies9, University of Toronto10, BT Group11, Polytechnic University of Catalonia12, University of California, Santa Barbara13, University of Virginia14, University of Geneva15
TL;DR: In this paper, 16 researchers, each a world-leading expert in their respective subfields, contribute a section to this invited review article, summarizing their views on state-of-the-art and future developments in optical communications.
Abstract: Lightwave communications is a necessity for the information age. Optical links provide enormous bandwidth, and the optical fiber is the only medium that can meet the modern society's needs for transporting massive amounts of data over long distances. Applications range from global high-capacity networks, which constitute the backbone of the internet, to the massively parallel interconnects that provide data connectivity inside datacenters and supercomputers. Optical communications is a diverse and rapidly changing field, where experts in photonics, communications, electronics, and signal processing work side by side to meet the ever-increasing demands for higher capacity, lower cost, and lower energy consumption, while adapting the system design to novel services and technologies. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of this rich research field, Journal of Optics has invited 16 researchers, each a world-leading expert in their respective subfields, to contribute a section to this invited review article, summarizing their views on state-of-the-art and future developments in optical communications.
477 citations
TL;DR: This paper is an overview of the OWC systems focusing on visible light communications, free space optics, transcutaneous O WC, underwater OWC, and optical scattering communications.
Abstract: New data services and applications are emerging continuously and enhancing the mobile broadband experience. The ability to cope with these varied and sophisticated services and applications will be a key success factor for the highly demanding future network infrastructure. One such technology that could help address the problem would be optical wireless communications (OWC), which presents a growing research interest in the last few years for indoor and outdoor applications. This paper is an overview of the OWC systems focusing on visible light communications, free space optics, transcutaneous OWC, underwater OWC, and optical scattering communications.
377 citations
Cites background from "Optical Wireless Communications: Sy..."
...WPLEDs have a limited modulation bandwidth of 2–3 MHz that can be extended to 20 MHz by placing a blue optical filter in front of the receiver [29]....
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...Rain can cause attenuation up to 20–30 dB/km at a rain rate of 150 mm/h and snow can cause > 45 dB/km of loss [29]....
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...threshold of the original visual contrast (100%) along the propagation path [29]....
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