Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery
TL;DR: In this article, second generation biofuels from wood gasification are thought to become competitive in the face of effective climate and energy security policies and cost competitiveness crucially depends on the opti
Abstract: Second generation biofuels from wood gasification are thought to become competitive in the face of effective climate and energy security policies. Cost competitiveness crucially depends on the opti ...
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TL;DR: Chemical recycling of CO2 to renewable fuels and materials, primarily methanol, offers a powerful alternative to tackle both issues, that is, global climate change and fossil fuel depletion.
Abstract: Starting with coal, followed by petroleum oil and natural gas, the utilization of fossil fuels has allowed the fast and unprecedented development of human society. However, the burning of these resources in ever increasing pace is accompanied by large amounts of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which are outpacing the natural carbon cycle, causing adverse global environmental changes, the full extent of which is still unclear. Even through fossil fuels are still abundant, they are nevertheless limited and will, in time, be depleted. Chemical recycling of CO2 to renewable fuels and materials, primarily methanol, offers a powerful alternative to tackle both issues, that is, global climate change and fossil fuel depletion. The energy needed for the reduction of CO2 can come from any renewable energy source such as solar and wind. Methanol, the simplest C1 liquid product that can be easily obtained from any carbon source, including biomass and CO2, has been proposed as a key component of such an anthropogenic carbon cycle in the framework of a “Methanol Economy”. Methanol itself is an excellent fuel for internal combustion engines, fuel cells, stoves, etc. It's dehydration product, dimethyl ether, is a diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) substitute. Furthermore, methanol can be transformed to ethylene, propylene and most of the petrochemical products currently obtained from fossil fuels. The conversion of CO2 to methanol is discussed in detail in this review.
1,012 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an economic partial equilibrium model of the global forest, agriculture, and biomass sectors with a bottom-up representation of agricultural and forestry management practices was used to analyze the indirect land use change (iLUC) of expanding agricultural areas dedicated to biofuel production.
755 citations
Cites background from "Optimal location of wood gasificati..."
...Processing cost and conversion coefficients are obtained from various sources (Biomass Technology Group, 2005; Hamelinck and Faaij, 2001; Leduc et al., 2008; Sørensen, 2005)....
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TL;DR: In this article, an introduction of the evolution of bio fuels and the general structure of the biofuel supply chain is presented, and three types of decision making levels and uncertainties that are inherent within the bio fuel supply chain are discussed.
Abstract: Biofuel energy as an alternative and additive form of energy to fossil fuel has gained much attention in recent times. In order to sustain such a vision, a robust supply chain is of extreme importance in helping to deliver competitive biofuel to the end user markets. In this paper, firstly, an introduction of the evolution of biofuels and the general structure of the biofuel supply chain are presented. Secondly, the three types of decision making levels and uncertainties that are inherent within the biofuel supply chain are discussed. Thirdly, important methodologies for modeling uncertainties in the decision making process are provided. Fourthly, sustainability concepts and models that give perspectives to the social, economical and environmental concepts are reviewed. Finally, conclusions and future research based on incorporating uncertainties and sustainability concepts within the biofuel supply chain are drawn and suggested, respectively.
363 citations
TL;DR: A model for the optimal design of biomass supply chain networks under uncertainty is presented for the Southeastern region of the United States using a two stage mixed integer stochastic program.
354 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the optimisation methods and models focussing on decisions regarding the design and management of the upstream segment of the biomass-for-bioenergy supply chain is given in this paper.
Abstract: Biomass supply chain optimisation is essential to overcome barriers and uncertainties that may inhibit the development of a sustainable and competitive bioenergy market. The number of research papers presenting optimisation models in the field of bioenergy systems rises exponentially. This paper gives an overview of the optimisation methods and models focussing on decisions regarding the design and management of the upstream segment of the biomass-for-bioenergy supply chain. After a general description of the supply chain and the decisions coming along with the design and management, all selected publications are classified and discussed according to (1) the mathematical optimisation methodology used, (2) the decision level and decision variables addressed and (3) the objective to be optimised. This classification allows users to identify existing optimisation methods or models that satisfy specific requirements. Moreover, the factual description of the presented optimisation methods and models points to opportunities for development of an integrated, holistic approach to optimise decisions in the field of biomass supply chain design and management. Such approach must be based on the consideration of the interrelationships and interdependence between all operations in the entire biomass-for-bioenergy supply chain.
265 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the technical and economic prospects of the future production of methanol and hydrogen from biomass have been evaluated and a technology review, including promising future components, was made, resulting in a set of promising conversion concepts.
613 citations
01 Oct 1996
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the cost and performance of three biomass-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems and show that the economic viability and efficiency performance of the IGCC generation technology appear to be quite attractive.
Abstract: To make a significant contribution to the power mix in the United States biomass power systems must be competitive on a cost and efficiency basis. We describe the cost and performance of three biomass-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems. The economic viability and efficiency performance of the IGCC generation technology appear to be quite attractive.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the potential of replacing fossil fuels and producing new electricity by using biomass and showed that the potential for increased utilization of energy crops, logging residues and straw can lead to an excess of about 200 PJ/yr biomass after fossil fuels for electricity and heat production have been replaced by methanol or electricity production.
132 citations