Optimization of Temperature and Inoculum Size for Phycoremediation of Paddy-Soaked Rice Mill Wastewater
01 Jan 2020-Journal of Environmental Engineering (American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE))-Vol. 146, Iss: 1, pp 04019091
TL;DR: In this article, microalgae is used as a sustainable treatment system by integrating the wastewater treatment with bioenergy recovery, transforming this technology to real-time, but it is difficult to implement in practice.
Abstract: Phycoremediation encompasses microalgae as a sustainable treatment system by integrating the wastewater treatment with bioenergy recovery. However, transforming this technology to real time...
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TL;DR: In this article, the selected microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) was cultured in paddy-soaked wastewater (PWW) using outdoor raceway ponds of 50 L capacity where biotransformation of nutrients (NH3−N removal: 75.89±−0.69); PO4−P removal: 73.71±− 0.75%; yield co-efficient YN: 6.56−±-0.
Abstract: Sustainable resources management, incorporating energy markets and resources such as electricity, fossil fuels, renewable and sustainable energy capital is essential for society to understand production and conversion of various forms of energy, their current as well as future supply. Waste-to-energy (WTE) or energy-from-waste (EFW) is a well-identified transitional technology which could prevent complete depletion of renewable resources. In our present study, the selected microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) was cultured in paddy-soaked wastewater (PWW) using outdoor raceway ponds of 50 L capacity where biotransformation of nutrients (NH3–N removal: 75.89 ± 0.69%; PO4–P removal: 73.71 ± 0.75%; yield co-efficient YN: 6.12 mg biomass/mg of N; YP: 7.77 mg biomass/mg P) has occurred with better growth and biochemical composition (dry biomass weight: 1.56 ± 0.11 g/L; chlorophyll: 15.57 ± 0.14 mg/L; specific growth rate (SGR): 0.42/d; lipids: 27.47 ± 1.41% biomass; carbohydrates: 23.77 ± 1.00% and protein: 46.12 ± 3.55%). Further, the obtained algal lipid was identified for a wide range of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and consequently brought forward to in-situ single-step transesterification by optimizing reaction conditions. Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) has given optimized conditions of sample amount: 2 g (wet); methanol sulphuric acid volume: 3 mL; and hexane volume: 4 mL, under the reaction temperature of 90 °C for maximum biodiesel conversion (46.54% of algal lipids). The outcome of our current research may add value to the application and development of WTE technology for sustainable energy conservation.
14 citations
01 Feb 2021
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the potential of CO2 and HCO3 −1 in control the CCM pathways, thus, another step in the development of the photobioreactor design.
Abstract: A step to net-zero of carbon dioxide losses in the microalgae cultivation process was targeted in the current study. This research was carried out by using pre-dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as a source of carbon with two doses of twenty-five and fifty millilitres. C. sorokiniana MH923013, Coelastrella MH923011 and Coelastrella MH923012 strains were used in the present investigation. The experimental data emphasized the direct influence of carbonic solution on microalgal growth according to the fast adaption of algal cells and higher productivity compared to control and dilution cultures. It was observed that microalgae strains conduct a corresponding response associated with different dosing of the saturated carbonic solution. For instance, dosing of 50 ml carbon dioxide revealed fast performance to reach the stationary phase (23-25) day with clear growth improvement. In addition, 0.1633 day−1 as a maximum specific growth rate in the exponential phase was recorded with this dosing. While as there was another obvious growth enhancement with supplying 25 ml CO2 solution, but reached the stable phase after around (37-42) day from inoculation with a maximum specific growth rate 0.0987 day−1. These results demonstrate the potential of CO2 and HCO3 −1 in control the CCM pathways, thus, another step in the development of the photobioreactor design.
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TL;DR: It was demonstrated that concentration of TN in wastewater would scarcely affect the algae growth, and inhibition of ammonia nitrogen on the growth of C. sorokiniana was not so obvious, although NH3-N occupied the overwhelming proportion of nitrogen source.
Abstract: Algae, an ideal feedstock for biodiesel, can assimilate organic and inorganic pollutants of animal wastewater and convert them into cellular constituents such as lipids and carbohydrates. In the study, the impacts of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) of swine manure wastewater and inoculation concentration of algae seeds on biomass production of algae Chlorella sorokiniana were studied. Our results demonstrated that concentration of TN in wastewater would scarcely affect the algae growth, and inhibition of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) on the growth of C. sorokiniana was not so obvious, although NH3-N occupied the overwhelming proportion of nitrogen source. Three factors (COD, TP, and inoculation size) which had significant impact on biomass production of C. sorokiniana using swine manure wastewater were optimized using response surface methodology. The optimal biomass production (128 mg l−1 d−1) was obtained when C. sorokiniana was cultivated in swine manure wastewater containing 345 mg l−1 COD and 45 mg l−1 TP, with the initial inoculation concentration of 136 mg l−1 algae seeds (dry weight). Then the strain was cultivated in 30 l photobioreactor with the optimized condition, a biomass yield (160 mg l−1 d−1) was achieved, accompanied with removal rates of TN (72%), TP (86%), and COD (38%). The study could provide guidance for large-scale cultivation of algae in wastewater.
9 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, water absorption characteristics of paddy (PB1121) were evaluated over a temperature range 40 to 80oC and the equilibrium moisture content of the grain during water absorption varied from 48.24 to 55% (d.b.).
Abstract: Water absorption characteristics of paddy (PB1121) were evaluated over a temperature range 40 to 80oC. The equilibrium moisture content of the grain during water absorption varied from 48.24 to 55% (d.b.). Average critical moisture content of PB1121 for soaking during parboiling was 41.67% (d.b.). Average moisture diffusivity during water absorption process was 5.06x10−10 m2.s−1 and activation energy was 53.85 kJ.mol−1. Modelling of water absorption behaviour using Page model revealed that it ftted well at individual temperatures (R2>0.9). However, the Generalized Page model provided poor performance with R2 of 0.65, MSE 0.0018 and mean relative deviation modulus (% P) 48.02, whereas multi-layer perceptron neural network model ftted well with R2 =0.99, MSE =0.0013 and P =14.69%.
5 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of using RME safe for disposal into the environment by reducing its BOD and supplemented with and N, P, K and Carbon nutrient sources and formulate low cost RME medium, increased salinity various concentration of NaCl (1.2, 1.4,1.8 and 1.0 gL -1 ) such a process would also generate valuable Spirulina biomass and chlorophyll content and most over create eco-friendly environment.
Abstract: Paddy soaked rice mill effluent (RME) was collected and characterized. The potential of using RME safe for disposal into the environment by reducing its BOD and supplemented with and N, P, K and Carbon nutrient sources and formulate low cost RME medium, increased salinity various concentration of NaCl (1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 1.0 gL -1 ) such a process would also generate valuable Spirulina biomass and chlorophyll content and most over create eco-friendly environment. The higher cellular growth was focused in 1.6gL -1 sodium chloride contained media, the optical density, biomass productivity and chlorophyll content were 1.980, 0.562 mgml -1 and 0.035 mgml -1 respectively. The conclusion of this study focused RME medium was locally available, cost effective and eco friendly medium, make a pollution free environment and scale up production of valuable protein rich food�O green gold � Spirulina.
2 citations