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Journal Article•DOI•

Optimization of UV treatment to induce haploid androgenesis in the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis

Johnsamuel Godwin Christopher1, Arunachalam Ganesan Murugesan2, N. Sukumaran3•
VIT University1, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University2, Vels University3
18 Jun 2012-International Aquatic Research (Springer Berlin Heidelberg)-Vol. 4, Iss: 1, pp 4
TL;DR: The optimum UV irradiation duration for the complete inactivation of Heteropneustes fossilis egg’s nucleus requires more than 12,500 ergs/mm2.
Abstract: The optimum UV irradiation duration for the complete inactivation of Heteropneustes fossilis egg’s nucleus was developed. The unfertilized eggs were suspended in Hanks’ balanced salt solution and were irradiated with UV light from both the dorsal and the ventral side for different exposure times ranging from 20 to 200 s (2,500 to 25,000 ergs/mm2). Egg viability was assessed for the different exposure durations at fertilization, hatching, and haploidy. Majority of the larvae derived from irradiated eggs had an abnormal appearance. Complete inactivation of maternal genome was evaluated by haploid chromosome number and morphology which also exhibited haploid syndrome. Successful genome inactivation occurred from 100 s onwards. Larvae resulting from eggs irradiated above 12,500 ergs/mm2 were 100% haploid, with better hatching (81.59%). The genetic inactivation of maternal chromosomes was confirmed by the chromosome count of the resulting embryo (n = 29). Completely anuclear embryos were obtained when the eggs were exposed with UV irradiation between 12,500 and 25,000 ergs/mm2. We conclude that the optimum UV dosage for the complete genetic inactivation of the egg nucleus requires more than 12,500 ergs/mm2.

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Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Genetic inactivation of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) eggs using UV-irradiation: observations and perspectives.

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Julie Colléter1, David J. Penman2, Stephane Lallement1, Christian Fauvel1, Tanja Lexau Hanebrekke3, Renate Døving Osvik3, Hans Christian Eilertsen3, Helena D'Cotta, Béatrice Chatain1, Stefano Peruzzi3 •
IFREMER1, University of Stirling2, University of Tromsø3
20 Oct 2014-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: The conditions for the genetic inactivation of the maternal genome in the European sea bass were explored using different combinations of UV irradiation levels and durations and revealed the presence of gadusol, a compound structurally related to mycosporine-like amino acids with known UV-screening properties.
Abstract: Androgenesis is a form of uniparental reproduction leading to progenies inheriting only the paternal set of chromosomes. It has been achieved with variable success in a number of freshwater species and can be attained by artificial fertilization of genetically inactivated eggs following exposure to gamma (γ), X-ray or UV irradiation (haploid androgenesis) and by restoration of diploidy by suppression of mitosis using a pressure or thermal shock. The conditions for the genetic inactivation of the maternal genome in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) were explored using different combinations of UV irradiation levels and durations. UV treatments significantly affected embryo survival and generated a wide range of developmental abnormalities. Despite the wide range of UV doses tested (from 7.2 to 720 mJ x cm(-2)), only one dose (60 mJ x cm(-2) x min(-1) with 1 min irradiation) resulted in a small percentage (14%) of haploid larvae at hatching in the initial trials as verified by flow cytometry. Microsatellite marker analyses of three further batches of larvae produced by using this UV treatment showed a majority of larvae with variable levels of paternal and maternal contributions and only one larva displaying pure paternal inheritance. The results are discussed also in the context of an assessment of the UV-absorbance characteristics of egg extracts in this species that revealed the presence of gadusol, a compound structurally related to mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) with known UV-screening properties.

25 citations

Cites background or result from "Optimization of UV treatment to ind..."

  • ...Similar results were observed in other species [24,30,33,34] where larvae showed severe abnormalities like dwarfing, microcephaly, micropthalmy in most UV-treatments, even at low UV doses....

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  • ...Also, the frequency of chromosome fragments and aneuploids decreased with increasing UV doses and only haploids were produced once the efficient UV dose was reached or exceeded [30,33,34]....

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  • ...In other species, survival rates decreased with increasing UV intensities [30,34,55,56]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Induction of diploid gynogenesis by heat shock treatment in silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)

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Mohammad Rafiqur Rahman1, Md. Rafiqul Islam Sarder1, Ananaya A. Nishat1, Rafiul Islam1•
Bangladesh Agricultural University1
30 Apr 2019-Aquaculture
TL;DR: Sex inversion of meyo- and mito-gynogenetic larvae using masculinizing hormone will facilitate to produce sex-reversed males (XX) those are capable to generate monosex all-female population upon crossing with genetic females (XX).

8 citations

Dissertation•
Towards the development of clonal lines in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) : application of uniparental reproduction techniques with an insight into sea bass eggs

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Julie Colleter
13 Feb 2015
TL;DR: Gynogenesis was reported successful to produce clonal founders in the sea bass, but high numbers of meiotic individuals contaminating fully homozygous progenies highlighted the need for efficient DNA markers to distinguish mitotic gynogenetic individuals.
Abstract: Clonal lines are a powerful scientific tool for improved genetic characterization of organisms used in research. Inbred fish lines can be produced in only two generations using uniparental reproduction techniques. Androgenesis, achieved with variable success in several freshwater species, has been attempted in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L), a marine fish of commercial and scientific interest. The low yields of progenies inheriting only the paternal genome after UV-irradiation of eggs led to considerations on the occurrence of UV screening compounds in pelagic eggs. Mycosporine-like amino acids and gadusol were found in many marine and freshwater organisms, but their occurrence in fish eggs was not clearly related to a behavioral pattern and while gadusol appeared in higher proportions in pelagic marine eggs compared to benthic species, this statement did not apply in freshwater, and moreover the kind of compounds was related to phylogeny. Further studies on DNA photorepair could enlighten hypotheses to understand the mechanisms underlying the disparate results obtained in inducing androgenesis in different fish species. Gynogenesis was reported successful to produce clonal founders in the sea bass, but high numbers of meiotic individuals contaminating fully homozygous progenies highlighted the need for efficient DNA markers to distinguish mitotic gynogenetic individuals. Furthermore, gonad development was highly delayed in gynogenetic progenies enhancing the difficulties to produce clonal lines. A high variability between individuals in the success of uniparental reproduction brought out gamete characterization and quality as a prerequisite.

6 citations

Cites background or result from "Optimization of UV treatment to ind..."

  • ...64 chromosome fragments and aneuploids decreased with increasing UV doses and only haploids were produced once the efficient UV dose was reached or exceeded (Arai et al., 1992; Christopher et al., 2012; Fujimoto et al., 2007)....

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  • ...The complete inactivation of the maternal genome is the prerequisite for the successful induction of androgenesis (Christopher et al., 2012; Fujimoto et al., 2007; Kucharczyk, 2001; Kucharczyk et al., 2008b; Ungar et al., 1998)....

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  • ...In other species, survival rates decreased with increasing UV intensities (Arai et al., 1992; Christopher et al., 2012; David and Pandian, 2006a; Lin and Dabrowski, 1998)....

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  • ...Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch, 1794) UV > 125 mJ/cm2 85% relative hatching (Christopher et al., 2012)...

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  • ...Also, the frequency of 64 chromosome fragments and aneuploids decreased with increasing UV doses and only haploids were produced once the efficient UV dose was reached or exceeded (Arai et al., 1992; Christopher et al., 2012; Fujimoto et al., 2007)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Induction of Diploid Androgenesis in the Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis

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Johnsamuel Godwin Christopher1, Arunachalam Ganesan Murugesan2, N. Sukumaran3•
VIT University1, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University2, Vels University3
01 Oct 2014-Journal of The World Aquaculture Society
TL;DR: This study reports the results on induced diploid androgenesis in the Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, using UV irradiation to inactivate maternal genome and finds that majority of the larvae derived from irradiated eggs had abnormal appearance.
Abstract: This study reports the results on induced diploid androgenesis in the Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was used to inactivate maternal genome of H. fossilis. Complete inactivation of maternal genome was recorded at 12,500 ergs/mm2. These genome-inactivated eggs of H. fossilis were inseminated with conspecific sperm. The sperm suspension was diluted to 1 × 107 sperm ml/L in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution. Egg viability was assessed for different exposure durations at fertilization, hatching, haploidy, and diploidization. Majority of the larvae derived from irradiated eggs had abnormal appearance. Complete inactivation of maternal genome was detected by haploid syndrome and confirmed by chromosome counting (n = 29). These eggs activated with sperm were subjected to heat shock at 40 and 41 C for different postactivation times and durations. Diploid androgens had a normal appearance as controls and confirmed by chromosome counting (n = 58). A maximum of 21 and 14% of diploidization was recorded at 30 min after activation, at 40 and 41 C, which corresponds to the first cleavage suppression time.

1 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Optimization of ultraviolet irradiation of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) eggs for androgen production.

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Victor Tosin Okomoda1, Victor Tosin Okomoda2, Haziqah Jumahat Nursyaza1, Ijabo Oga Samuel, A. Hassan1, Abraham Sunday Oladimeji, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi1, Korede Isaiah Alabi, Mhd Ikhwanuddin1 •
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu1, University of Agriculture, Makurdi2
15 Jan 2021-Zygote
TL;DR: The optimum distance and duration of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for the complete inactivation of African catfish Clarias gariepinus egg nucleus was investigated in this paper.
Abstract: The optimum distance and duration of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for the complete inactivation of African catfish Clarias gariepinus egg nucleus was investigated in this study. The UV light was suspended above the unfertilized eggs at four distances (5, 10, 20 and 30 cm) and for five durations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min). Then, the irradiated eggs were activated with sperm from diploid C. gariepinus and cold shocked at 5°C for 5 min just moments before cell cleavage. Ploidy analysis was performed using karyotype chromosome counting. The results obtained suggested that the further the distance, the better the hatchability rate, however prolonged duration seemed to significantly reduced hatchability. All treatments with surviving progenies at the end of the study showed evidence of successfully diploid gynogen (2n = 56) induction at different percentages. However, the optimal protocol that gave a moderately high hatchability/survival rate and completely induced gynogens was exposure of the eggs to UV irradiation at 20 cm for 1 min. It was concluded that the distance and duration of UV irradiation affects gynogenetic induction in African catfish C. gariepinus.

1 citations

References
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Book•
Recent Advances In Aquaculture

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J. F. Muir, Ronald J. Roberts
20 Dec 1982
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-review of Fisheries Chemotherapy, Reproductive Biology and the Hatchery Rearing of Tilapia Eggs and Fry, and its implications for the Farming of Salmonids.
Abstract: 1 Fisheries Chemotherapy: A Review- 2 Egg Production in the Rainbow Trout- 3 Solar Ultraviolet Radiation: A Potential Environmental Hazard in the Cultivation of Farmed Finfish- 4 Acid Rain: Implications for the Farming of Salmonids- 5 Reproductive Biology and the Hatchery Rearing of Tilapia Eggs and Fry

374 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Rapid Chromosome Preparations from Solid Tissues of Fishes

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Andrew D. Kligerman, Stephen E. Bloom
01 Feb 1977-Wsq: Women's Studies Quarterly
TL;DR: A technique is described for obtaining well-spread metaphases from solid tissues of fishes without the use of methodologies that rely on tissue grinders, centrifuges, digestive enzymes, or tissue culture.
Abstract: A technique is described for obtaining well-spread metaphases from solid tissues of fishes without the use of methodologies that rely on tissue grinders, centrifuges, digestive enzymes, or tissue culture. This procedure involves the formation of a cell suspension from acetic alcohol fixed tissues using 50% acetic acid. The suspension is applied to a warm (50 °C) slide using a micropipette.Solid tissue preparations may be stained by any of the conventional dyes or treated to reveal Q-bands, C-bands, and nucleolar organizers. Large numbers of slides offish chromosomes can be made easily and rapidly using this procedure.

321 citations

"Optimization of UV treatment to ind..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Haploid individuals were confirmed by chromosome counting followed by drop method (Kligerman and Bloom 1977)....

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Book Chapter•DOI•
8 Chromosome Set Manipulation and Sex Control in Fish

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Gary H. Thorgaard1•
Washington State University1
01 Jan 1983-Fish Physiology
TL;DR: This chapter describes the techniques used in chromosome set manipulation and reviews the results and prospects in the application of gynogenesis, androgenesis, and induced polyploidy to fish.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter describes the techniques used in chromosome set manipulation and reviews the results and prospects in the application of gynogenesis, androgenesis, and induced polyploidy to fish. Chromosome-set manipulation techniques of sperm chromosome inactivation (with radiation or chemicals) and suppression of cell divisions (with heat shock, cold shock, or pressure) can be readily applied to fish to produce gynogenetic and polyploid individuals. Gynogenetic individuals have all their chromosomes from the female parent and should all be females in species with XX females. Polyploids include triploids that are expected to be sterile, and tetraploids that have the potential of being fertile and producing sterile triploids when crossed to normal diploids. Partially inbred gynogenetic diploids and triploids may be produced by treatments causing retention of the second polar body of the egg. Completely homozygous gynogenetic diploids and tetraploids may be produced by treatments blocking the first mitotic division.

279 citations

"Optimization of UV treatment to ind..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…programs and research purposes (Purdom 1969; Ihssen et al. 1990), sex control using anticipated supermale (YY) in the male heterogametic species (Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995), production of a nucleocytoplasmic hybrid between different species, and recovery of genotypes from those which are…...

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  • ...Furthermore, UV irradiation results in no residual fragments, in contrast to gamma irradiation, and it is easy to use anywhere, inexpensive, and safer to apply (Ihssen et al. 1990; Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995)....

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  • ...In addition, the production of polyploid fish and fish with uniparental inheritance has a significant impact in the aquaculture of various species (Thorgaard 1983)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Ploidy Manipulation and Gynogenesis in Fishes: Cytogenetic and Fisheries Applications

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Peter E. Ihssen1, L.R. McKay2, I. McMillan2, Ruth B. Phillips3•
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources1, University of Guelph2, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee3
01 Jul 1990-Transactions of The American Fisheries Society
TL;DR: This work has shown that it is possible to suppress the first mitotic division offish eggs with high-pressure or -temperature treatments applied at the time of first cleavage to produce mitotic gynogenetic diploids and tetraploids.
Abstract: Manipulation of fish chromosomes dates back to the early part of this century. The earliest experiments involved induction of gynogenesis with sperm inactivated by radiation or chemical treatments. Temperature or pressure shocks applied soon after fertilization resulted in the retention of the second polar body and reconstitution of diploidy; triploidy resulted from shocks to fish ova fertilized with normal sperm. More recently, it has been possible to suppress the first mitotic division offish eggs with high-pressure or -temperature treatments applied at the time of first cleavage to produce mitotic gynogenetic diploids and tetraploids. Androgenesis has been successfully induced in fish by irradiation of ova, fertilization of eggs with normal sperm, and suppression of the first mitosis with high-pressure treatments. Gynogenetic diploids have been used for cytogenetic studies of meiotic phenomena and gene mapping. The general finding to date is that the arrangement of genes on chromosomes is high...

246 citations

"Optimization of UV treatment to ind..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Haploid androgenesis has been induced in the loach, M. anguillicaudatus (Ihssen et al. 1990); flounder, Pleuronectes flesus (Purdom 1969); masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou (Arai et al. 1979); rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Parsons and Thorgaard 1985); and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (May…...

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  • ...The applicable potential of androgenesis involves the rapid establishment of inbred lines for breeding programs and research purposes (Purdom 1969; Ihssen et al. 1990), sex control using anticipated supermale (YY) in the male heterogametic species (Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995), production of a…...

    [...]

  • ...Furthermore, UV irradiation results in no residual fragments, in contrast to gamma irradiation, and it is easy to use anywhere, inexpensive, and safer to apply (Ihssen et al. 1990; Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995)....

    [...]

  • ...…sex control using anticipated supermale (YY) in the male heterogametic species (Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995), production of a nucleocytoplasmic hybrid between different species, and recovery of genotypes from those which are contaminated by hybridization (Ihssen et al. 1990; McAndrew et al. 1993)....

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
Radiation-induced gynogenesis and androgenesis in fish.

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C E Purdom1•
United Kingdom Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food1
01 Aug 1969-Heredity
TL;DR: This work reported here is an investigation of the possibility of producing homozygous clones of fish rapidly by gynogenesis—a special form of artificial parthenogenesis in which activation of the eggs is achieved by fertilisation with genetically inert spermatozoa.
Abstract: CURRENT ideas on fish farming have stimulated interest in fish genetics and highlighted the need for more genetic analysis, particularly of fish of commercial importance. A major difficulty in breeding fish of commercial interest is the long generation time of 3 years or more. The work reported here is an investigation of the possibility of producing homozygous clones of fish rapidly by gynogenesis—a special form of artificial parthenogenesis in which activation of the eggs is achieved by fertilisation with genetically inert spermatozoa. Gynogenesis was first observed in frogs by Hertwig (1911), who showed that a low frequency of apparently normal embryos appeared when eggs were fertilised by spermatozoa which had received radium gamma ray doses much higher than levels normally required to produce 100 per cent, abnormality. It was concluded that, at these very high doses, the genetic material of the spermatozoa was so thoroughly destroyed that it played no part in the subsequent parthenogenetic development of the egg. This \"Hertwig effect\" has been confirmed several times in amphibia (reviewed by Beatty, 1964), and, as in other forms of parthenogenesis in vertebrates, the resulting parthenogenomes are usually haploid, and although developing normally at first are grossly abnormal at hatching. However, sporadic occurrences of more normal hatchlings have been observed following parthenogenesis by pricking and these have been shown to be diploid (Parmenter, 1933; Kawamura, 1939). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the process of diploidisation (see Tyler, 1941; Beatty, 1964), but the experimental evidence in amphibia seems to favour diploidisation by doubling of the haploid female genome during cleavage. Thus Parmenter (1933) and Kawamura (1939) observed delayed cleavage in parthenogenetic eggs which subsequently produced diploid organisms, and Subtelny (1958) produced diploid individuals following transplantation of haploid nuclei into enucleated eggs, i.e. diploidisation in the absence of polar bodies. Increased frequencies of both haploid and diploid gynogenomes have been reported by Rostand (1934, 1936) following post-fertilisation cold treatments of amphibian eggs; gynogenesis was produced by irradiated spermatozoa and also by fertilisation of eggs with foreign spermatozoa (\" false hybrids \"). Gynogenesis is a natural form of reproduction in the teleost Mollienesia formosa (Hubbs and Hubbs, 1932), and the existence of distinct clones in laboratory fish has been demonstrated by tissue transplantation tests (Kallman, 1962). Perfectly normal and fully viable broods can easily be reared, and this suggests that diploidy is retained through suppression of meiosis Kaliman, bc. cit.) leading to fixed heterozygosity. Recent work in Russia (Romashov, Belyaeva, Golovinskaia and Pro-

168 citations

"Optimization of UV treatment to ind..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Haploid androgenesis has been induced in the loach, M. anguillicaudatus (Ihssen et al. 1990); flounder, Pleuronectes flesus (Purdom 1969); masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou (Arai et al. 1979); rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Parsons and Thorgaard 1985); and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (May…...

    [...]

  • ...The applicable potential of androgenesis involves the rapid establishment of inbred lines for breeding programs and research purposes (Purdom 1969; Ihssen et al. 1990), sex control using anticipated supermale (YY) in the male heterogametic species (Thorgaard 1983; Myers 1995), production of a…...

    [...]

Related Papers (5)
Induction of meiotic gynogenesis in the stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and evidence for female homogamety.

[...]

01 Dec 2010-Aquaculture Research
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A comparative study on the embryonic development ofgynogen, triploid, haploid and normal diploid embryos ofstinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis

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Dariusz Kucharczyk, Daniel Żarski, Katarzyna Targońska, Marek Łuczyński, Andrzej Szczerbowski, Joanna Nowosad, Roman Kujawa, Andrzej Mamcarz 
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[...]

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J.M. Myers, David J. Penman, Y. Basavaraju, Stephen F Powell, Puttharat Baoprasertkul, K.J. Rana, Niall Bromage, Brendan McAndrew 
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[...]

01 Oct 1999-Heredity
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Trending Questions (1)
How does UV irradiation destroy the egg’s own nucleus?

UV irradiation destroys the egg's own nucleus by inducing genetic inactivation, resulting in the production of haploid androgenetic embryos.

See answers from 4 other papers