Optimum Conditions for the Fabrication of Zein/Ag Composite Nanoparticles from Ethanol/H₂O Co-Solvents Using Electrospinning.
TL;DR: The optimum conditions for the fabrication of zein/Ag composite nanoparticles from ethanol/H2O cosolvents using electrospinning and the properties of the composite were investigated and indicate the coexistence of a zein matrix and well-distributed Ag nanoparticles.
Abstract: The optimum conditions for the fabrication of zein/Ag composite nanoparticles from ethanol/H2O cosolvents using electrospinning and the properties of the composite were investigated. The zein/Ag nanoparticles were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. The antibacterial activity of the zein/Ag composite nanoparticles was also investigated. The XRD patterns and TEM images indicate the coexistence of a zein matrix and well-distributed Ag nanoparticles.
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TL;DR: The presence of GA not only prevented the precipitation of zein nanoparticles but also controlled the release of TOC from zein-GA nanoparticles during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.
35 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the available recent literature on nanoparticles used for the prevention and treatment of human infectious diseases caused by different viruses, and bacteria from a clinical point of view by basing on original articles which talk about what has been made to date and excluding commercial products, but also highlighting what has not been still made and some clinical concepts that must be considered for future nanoparticles-based technologies applications.
Abstract: Infectious diseases hold third place in the top 10 causes of death worldwide and were responsible for more than 6.7 million deaths in 2016. Nanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field which is based on the application of nanotechnology for medical purposes and can be defined as the use of nanomaterials for diagnosis, monitoring, control, prevention, and treatment of diseases, including infectious diseases. One of the most used nanomaterials in nanomedicine are nanoparticles, particles with a nano-scale size that show highly tunable physical and optical properties, and the capacity to a wide library of compounds. This manuscript is intended to be a comprehensive review of the available recent literature on nanoparticles used for the prevention and treatment of human infectious diseases caused by different viruses, and bacteria from a clinical point of view by basing on original articles which talk about what has been made to date and excluding commercial products, but also by highlighting what has not been still made and some clinical concepts that must be considered for futures nanoparticles-based technologies applications.
24 citations
06 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) was explored for the in situ generation of ZnO nanoparticles and the electrospinning of zein-based fibers.
Abstract: In this study the potential of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) was explored for the in situ generation of ZnO nanoparticles and the electrospinning of zein-based fibers. Zinc acetyl acetonate dihydrate (ZnAcAc·2H2O) was chosen as the precursor for the related sol–gel reactions, leading to the nucleation and growth of wurtzite crystals within the PEI matrix. Control experiments showed that PEI played a vital role in the reaction steps leading to the conversion. Wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the crystallographic structure of the ZnO particles formed, while scanning electron microscopy examinations revealed the formation of agglomerates less than 400 nm, made up of much smaller primary nanoparticles. The obtained ZnO/PEI microsuspensions in ethanol were mixed in an ethanol/water solution of zein and used for electrospinning of different types of zein-modified fibers. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that PEI acted as a plasticizer for zein, causing also a broadening of the...
12 citations
17 Apr 2019
12 citations
04 Apr 2019
TL;DR: The overall studies inferred that these protein based nanoparticles have potential to release Td at a slow rate for an extended period of time and further manipulation of the protein composition may regulate the duration of Td release for an effective therapy.
Abstract: Tramadol (Td) is a centrally acting opioid analgesic drug used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. However, the half-life of Td is about 6-8 h, which is a major drawback. To increase the half-life of Td, it needs to be entrapped in a suitable substrate with the capability to release the drug for an extended period of time. Accordingly, in our studies, new protein blends in various compositions were prepared using hydrophilic (egg albumin) and hydrophobic (zein) proteins and fabricated them as nanoparticles with Td by the desolvation method. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using analytical techniques. The morphology and diameter of the nanoparticles were determined by an environmental scanning electron microscope. The interactions between Td and proteins were confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy, and the secondary structural changes were evaluated by circular dichroism. The hemolysis test and MTT assay indicated that the nanoparticles were nontoxic, and drug release studies showed an extended duration of release of Td for more than 48 h. The mechanism of the drug release followed the zero order. The overall studies inferred that these protein based nanoparticles have potential to release Td at a slow rate for an extended period of time. Further manipulation of the protein composition may regulate the duration of Td release for an effective therapy.
9 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review is presented on the researches and developments related to electrospun polymer nanofibers including processing, structure and property characterization, applications, and modeling and simulations.
6,987 citations
"Optimum Conditions for the Fabricat..." refers background in this paper
...Nanostructured materials with different morphologies can be produced by controlling these variables [27,31,32,34]....
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TL;DR: An overview of electrospinning can be found in this article, where the authors focus on progress achieved in the last three years and highlight some potential applications associated with the remarkable features of electro-spun nanofibers.
Abstract: Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating ultrathin fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, composites, and ceramics. This article presents an overview of this technique, with focus on progress achieved in the last three years. After a brief description of the setups for electrospinning, we choose to concentrate on the mechanisms and theoretical models that have been developed for electrospinning, as well as the ability to control the diameter, morphology, composition, secondary structure, and spatial alignment of electrospun nanofibers. In addition, we highlight some potential applications associated with the remarkable features of electrospun nanofibers. Our discussion is concluded with some personal perspectives on the future directions in which this wonderful technique could be pursued.
5,117 citations
"Optimum Conditions for the Fabricat..." refers background in this paper
...These nanometer-scale electrospun materials exhibit excellent properties that cannot be attained from their bulk counterparts [31,32]....
[...]
...Nanostructured materials with different morphologies can be produced by controlling these variables [27,31,32,34]....
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...It is well known that the diameter and morphology of electrospun nanomaterials are strongly dependent on several processing parameters [31] including the polymer conformation, solution viscosity, elasticity, electrical conductivity, polarity, and surface tension of the solvent....
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TL;DR: More than 20 polymers, including polyethylene oxide, nylon, polyimide, DNA, polyaramid, and polyaniline, have been electrospun in this paper.
Abstract: Electrospinning uses electrical forces to produce polymer fibres with nanometre-scale diameters. Electrospinning occurs when the electrical forces at the surface of a polymer solution or melt overcome the surface tension and cause an electrically charged jet to be ejected. When the jet dries or solidifies, an electrically charged fibre remains. This charged fibre can be directed or accelerated by electrical forces and then collected in sheets or other useful geometrical forms. More than 20 polymers, including polyethylene oxide, nylon, polyimide, DNA, polyaramid, and polyaniline, have been electrospun in our laboratory. Most were spun from solution, although spinning from the melt in vacuum and air was also demonstrated. Electrospinning from polymer melts in a vacuum is advantageous because higher fields and higher temperatures can be used than in air.
3,431 citations
"Optimum Conditions for the Fabricat..." refers background in this paper
...These nanometer-scale electrospun materials exhibit excellent properties that cannot be attained from their bulk counterparts [31,32]....
[...]
...Nanostructured materials with different morphologies can be produced by controlling these variables [27,31,32,34]....
[...]
TL;DR: A novel poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) structure with a unique architecture produced by an electrospinning process has been developed for tissue-engineering applications, which acts to support and guide cell growth.
Abstract: The architecture of an engineered tissue substitute plays an important role in modulating tissue growth. A novel poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) structure with a unique architecture produced by an electrospinning process has been developed for tissue-engineering applications. Electrospinning is a process whereby ultra-fine fibers are formed in a high-voltage electrostatic field. The electrospun structure, composed of PLGA fibers ranging from 500 to 800 nm in diameter, features a morphologic similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural tissue, which is characterized by a wide range of pore diameter distribution, high porosity, and effective mechanical properties. Such a structure meets the essential design criteria of an ideal engineered scaffold. The favorable cell-matrix interaction within the cellular construct supports the active biocompatibility of the structure. The electrospun nanofibrous structure is capable of supporting cell attachment and proliferation. Cells seeded on this structure tend to maintain phenotypic shape and guided growth according to nanofiber orientation. This novel biodegradable scaffold has potential applications for tissue engineering based upon its unique architecture, which acts to support and guide cell growth.
2,338 citations
TL;DR: A review of the present status of the chemistry, properties, uses and methods of manufacturing zein can be found in this article, where the characteristics of zein are discussed in terms of its composition, structure, solubility in various solvents and gelation properties.
1,225 citations