Patent•
Organic rankine cycle mechanically and thermally coupled to an engine driving a common load
16 Jun 2006-
TL;DR: In this paper, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) was used to extract heat from engine intake air, coolant, oil, EGR and exhaust, which was controlled by bypass valves (92, 94, 96, 99) or a mass flow control valve (113).
Abstract: The shaft (20) of an engine (19) is coupled to a turbine (28) of an organic Rankine cycle subsystem which extracts heat (45-48, 25) from engine intake air, coolant, oil, EGR and exhaust. Bypass valves (92, 94, 96, 99) control engine temperatures. Turbine pressure drop is controlled via a bypass valve (82) or a mass flow control valve (113). A refrigeration subsystem having a compressor (107) coupled to the engine shaft uses its evaporator (45a) to cool engine intake air. The ORC evaporator (25a) may comprise a muffler including pressure pulse reducing fins (121, 122), some of which have NOx and/or particulate reducing catalysts thereon.
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Patent•
25 Aug 2009TL;DR: In this paper, a waste heat utilization device for an internal combustion engine has a Rankine cycle and a generator that converts a rotational drive force into electric power, and a converter that controls the rotational speed of the generator through the generator.
Abstract: A waste heat utilization device (2) for an internal combustion engine has a Rankine cycle (8) that recovers waste heat from an internal combustion engine (4), a generator (30) that is rotationally driven by an expander (14) and converts a rotational drive force into electric power, a converter (32) that controls the rotational speed of the expander (14) through the generator (30), refrigerant-condition detecting means (22, 24, 26, 28) that detects the pressure and temperature of a refrigerant passing through the expander (14), and a controller (34) that calculates pressure ratio Rp of the refrigerant in the immediate upstream and downstream of the expander (14) and specific heat ratio K of the refrigerant passing through the expander (14) on the basis of the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, which have been detected by the refrigerant-condition detecting means (22, 24, 26, 28), calculates a preset pressure ratio Rps of the pressure ratio Rp by multiplying predetermined volume ratio Rv of the expander (14) by the specific heat ratio K, and specifies rotational speed N of the expander (14) to the converter (32) on the basis of the pressure ratio Rp and the preset pressure ratio Rps.
171 citations
Patent•
20 Sep 2012TL;DR: In this article, a Rankine cycle device is used for waste heat recovery in an internal combustion engine, where working fluid circulates through a pump, a boiler, an expander and then through a heat exchanging device, heat exchange occurs in the boiler between the working fluid and intake fluid.
Abstract: The waste heat recovery system includes a Rankine cycle device in which working fluid circulates through a pump, a boiler, an expander and then through a heat exchanging device, heat exchange occurs in the boiler between the working fluid and intake fluid that is introduced into an internal combustion engine while being cooled. The heat exchanging device includes a condenser condensing the working fluid, a receiver connected downstream of the condenser and storing liquid-phase working fluid, a subcooler connected downstream of the receiver and subcooling the liquid-phase working fluid, and a selector device serving to change the ratio of the condenser to the subcooler. The waste heat recovery system further includes a determination device for determining required cooling load for the intake fluid, and a controller for controlling the selector device depending on the required cooling load determined by the determination device.
114 citations
Patent•
23 Oct 2006TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a system and method for cooling a combustion gas charge prior. But this method requires the prior to be compressed intake air, exhaust gas, or a mixture thereof.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for cooling a combustion gas charge prior. The combustion gas charge may include compressed intake air, exhaust gas, or a mixture thereof. An evaporator is provided that may then receive a relatively high temperature combustion gas charge and discharge at a relatively lower temperature. The evaporator may be configured to operate with refrigeration cycle components and/or to receive a fluid below atmospheric pressure as the phase-change cooling medium.
89 citations
Patent•
21 Oct 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a heat engine system and a method for regulating a pressure and an amount of working fluid in a working fluid circuit during a thermodynamic cycle are described. But, the authors do not specify how to determine whether working fluid is either extracted from or injected into the circuit.
Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure generally provide a heat engine system and a method for regulating a pressure and an amount of a working fluid in a working fluid circuit during a thermodynamic cycle. A mass management system may be employed to regulate the working fluid circulating throughout the working fluid circuit. The mass management systems may have a mass control tank fluidly coupled to the working fluid circuit at one or more strategically-located tie-in points. A heat exchanger coil may be used in conjunction with the mass control tank to regulate the temperature of the fluid within the mass control tank, and thereby determine whether working fluid is either extracted from or injected into the working fluid circuit. Regulating the pressure and amount of working fluid in the working fluid circuit selectively increases or decreases the suction pressure of the pump to increase system efficiency.
78 citations
Patent•
21 Jun 2010TL;DR: A waste heat recovery system (10) includes at least two integrated rankine cycle systems (12, 14) coupled to at least 2 separate heat sources (18, 38, 40, 42, 44, 64, 78) having different temperatures.
Abstract: A waste heat recovery system (10) includes at least two integrated rankine cycle systems (12, 14) coupled to at least two separate heat sources (18, 38, 40, 42, 44, 64, 78) having different temperatures. The first rankine cycle system (12) is coupled to a first heat source (18) and configured to circulate a first working fluid. The second rankine cycle system (14) is coupled to at least one second heat source and configured to circulate a second working fluid. The first and second working fluid are circulatable in heat exchange relationship through a cascading heat exchange unit (34) for condensation of the first working fluid in the first rankine cycle system (12) and evaporation of the second working fluid in the second rankine cycle system (14). At least one bypass unit (24, 58, 59, 65, 72, 80, 88, 96, 102, 108) is configured to divert at least a portion of the first working fluid to bypass the first evaporator (16), the first expander (30), the cascaded heat exchange unit (34), or combinations thereof; at least a portion of the second working fluid to bypass the second expander (46), the cascaded heat exchange unit (34), or combinations thereof.
74 citations
References
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Patent•
12 Nov 2003TL;DR: In this article, an organic rankine cycle system is combined with a vapor compression cycle system with the turbine generator of the organic ranksine cycle generating the power necessary to operate the motor of the refrigerant compressor.
Abstract: An organic rankine cycle system is combined with a vapor compression cycle system with the turbine generator of the organic rankine cycle generating the power necessary to operate the motor of the refrigerant compressor. The vapor compression cycle is applied with its evaporator cooling the inlet air into a gas turbine, and the organic rankine cycle is applied to receive heat from a gas turbine exhaust to heat its boiler within one embodiment, a common condenser is used for the organic rankine cycle and the vapor compression cycle, with a common refrigerant, R-245a being circulated within both systems. In another embodiment, the turbine driven generator has a common shaft connected to the compressor to thereby eliminate the need for a separate motor to drive the compressor.
194 citations
Patent•
29 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, a system for increasing the efficiency of internal combustion engines operating at high loads and more particularly to a multi-cylinder engine in which at least one cylinder is used as the power recovery device is provided.
Abstract: A system is provided for increasing the efficiency of internal combustion engines operating at high loads and more particularly to a multi-cylinder engine in which at least one cylinder is used as the power recovery device The waste heat generated during operation of the engine is utilized for producing an amount of energy to perform the work by means of a Rankine cycle
93 citations
Patent•
05 Oct 2001TL;DR: In this paper, a Rankine cycle device of an internal combustion engine, comprising an evaporator (3) for generating steam, an expansion machine (4) for converting the heat energy of the steam into a mechanical energy, a condenser (5) for changing the steam discharged from the expansion machine into water by cooling, a tank (6) for storing the water from the condenser, and feed pumps (7, 8) for pressurizing and feeding the water inside the tank to the evaporator.
Abstract: A Rankine cycle device of an internal combustion engine, comprising an evaporator (3) for generating steam, an expansion machine (4) for converting the heat energy of the steam into a mechanical energy, a condenser (5) for changing the steam discharged from the expansion machine (4) into water by cooling, a tank (6) for storing the water from the condenser (5), and feed pumps (7, 8) for pressurizing and feeding the water inside the tank (6) to the evaporator (3), wherein the water inside the tank (6) is fed, by a low-pressure pump (7), to a distributing valve (106) through the water jacket (105) of the internal combustion engine (1), a part of the water distributed by the distributing valve (106) is further pressurized by the high-pressure pump (8) and fed to the evaporator (3), and the remaining water distributed by the distributing valve (106) is discharged to the tank (6) after radiating a heat in an auxiliary equipment (110) such as a heater for cabin heating, whereby, a radiator can be abolished by allowing the heating part of the internal combustion engine (1) to be sufficiently cooled by water as the liquid phase working medium of the device while maintaining the performance of the Rankine cycle device.
65 citations
Patent•
08 Apr 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a process and device for the recovery of energy from the waste heat of thermal or chemical processes, wherein at least a portion of said waste heat evaporates a liquid via at least one heat transfer means or heats a vapour or a gas, increasing the pressure thereof, and this pressure is transformed into mechanical energy.
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and device for the recovery of energy from the waste heat of thermal or chemical processes, wherein at least a portion of said waste heat evaporates a liquid via at least one heat transfer means or heats a vapour or a gas, increasing the pressure thereof, and this pressure is transformed into mechanical energy in an engine ( FIG. 1 ).
61 citations
Patent•
14 Jan 1985TL;DR: In this article, a dual pressure turbine is used to convert a fluid to a gas and superheat the gas to a preselected temperature at a pre-selected pressure at a supersonic velocity against the blades of the rotor.
Abstract: Heat recovery systems are useful, for example, in vehicles that generate large amounts of heat energy during operation. The heat energy is used to drive a dual pressure turbine for producing useful work. In order to fully utilize the great majority of the heat energy produced, the engine exhaust is used to convert a fluid to a gas and superheat the gas to a preselected temperature at a preselected pressure. A first stage of the dual pressure turbine receives the superheated gas and directs the gas at a supersonic velocity against the blades of the rotor. The gas exiting the first stage and the superheated gas at a lower preselected temperature is controllably and substantially separately directed to a second stage at substantially the same velocity. This heat recovery system fully utilizes the heat energy generated by the engine and substantially eliminates the sooting and the formation of oxides within the exhaust system. The dual pressure turbine effectively utilizes the superheated gases to produce useful work at a high system efficiency.
50 citations