Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design
TL;DR: Models are proposed that show how organizations can be designed to meet the information needs of technology, interdepartmental relations, and the environment to both reduce uncertainty and resolve equivocality.
Abstract: This paper answers the question, "Why do organizations process information?" Uncertainty and equivocality are defined as two forces that influence information processing in organizations. Organization structure and internal systems determine both the amount and richness of information provided to managers. Models are proposed that show how organizations can be designed to meet the information needs of technology, interdepartmental relations, and the environment. One implication for managers is that a major problem is lack of clarity, not lack of data. The models indicate how organizations can be designed to provide information mechanisms to both reduce uncertainty and resolve equivocality.
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18 Nov 2002TL;DR: The authors used SERVQUAL theory to validate MEDIQUAL constructs through the different media users in help desk service and found that the importance of the constructs have relatively high correlations between measures of the same construct using different methods and low correlations between the constructs that are expected to differ.
Abstract: In this paper, we validate MEDIQUAL constructs through the different media users in help desk service In previous research, only two end-users’ constructs were used: assurance and responsiveness In this paper, we extend MEDIQUAL constructs to include reliability, empathy, assurance, tangibles, and responsiveness, which are based on the SERVQUAL theory The results suggest that: 1) five MEDIQUAL constructs are validated through the factor analysis That is, importance of the constructs have relatively high correlations between measures of the same construct using different methods and low correlations between measures of the constructs that are expected to differ; and 2) five MEDIQUAL constructs are statistically significant on media users’ satisfaction in help desk service by regression analysis
07 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, an analisis cuantitativo con la tecnica multivariante de ecuaciones estructurales is presented to confirm whether variables propuestas in el modelo se relacionan and en que grado explican el fenomeno usando los datos proporcionados by las empresas encuestadas del Sistema de Informacion Empresarial Mexicano (SIEM).
Abstract: El presente articulo tiene como objetivo determinar los factores criticos de las tecnologias de la informacion y comunicacion (TIC) que contribuyen a incrementar el las capacidades y estas al desempeno operacional y financiero de las MIPyMES de comercio. Con este proposito se realiza el analisis cuantitativo con la tecnica multivariante de ecuaciones estructurales la cual permite confirmar si las variables propuestas en el modelo se relacionan y en que grado explican el fenomeno usando los datos proporcionados por las empresas encuestadas del Sistema de Informacion Empresarial Mexicano (SIEM).
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors report on an exploratory study in which they compare students' perceptions of the text-based and digitally recorded feedback created by five tutors in the same subject.
Abstract:
Research demonstrates that students generally find digitally recorded assessment feedback comments to be more satisfying than text-based feedback comments. However, positive perceptions of digitally recorded feedback may be impacted by the confidence and experience of the educator who is providing the comments. As such, this paper reports on an exploratory study in which we compare students’ perceptions of the text-based and digitally recorded feedback created by five tutors in the same subject. Survey data were collected from 81 students, of which 58 received text-based and 23 received digitally recorded feedback comments. Students who received digitally recorded feedback comments provided consistently higher ratings for feedback clarity, usefulness, and satisfaction than students who received text- based feedback comments. It is proposed that the media enables these effects, but the structure of the feedback design is also important.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored frontline workers' assessments of digital client representations using observations of fifteen needs assessments and seven follow-up interviews from the Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration (NAV).
Abstract:
Street-level bureaucrats assess increasing amounts of digital, often text-based, client representations. These representations have been criticized for oversimplification. However, frontline workers have also been known to develop simplified perceptions, or “shortcuts,” in their work. This study explores frontline workers’ assessments of digital client representations using observations of fifteen needs assessments and seven follow-up interviews from the Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration (NAV). Based on simple information garnered from an online registration, workers decide how much assistance clients need from NAV to find work. Findings show that the online registration deconstructs client narratives into separate pieces of information, which the workers attempt to re-construct back into coherent narratives. Using a street-level perspective, this article argues that the reconstructions are coping responses to fragmented information. Unlike traditional simplification responses, the workers complicate their perceptions of clients in the assessments. That is, street-level bureaucrats take “detours” to provide responsive services and manage the limitations of electronic government. Thus, this article provides an empirical contribution that also forms the basis for abductive theorization and suggests that the conceptual boundaries of coping strategies should be expanded to include “complication responses.” In contrast to the emphasis on face-to-face meetings in street-level literature, this article highlights the importance of texts.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors conducted an eight-month investigation and in-depth interviews with one of the leading paddy rice farm practicing data-driven management with intensive using FMIS in Japan.
Abstract: • Japanese smart farming enterprise utilizes FMIS intensively. • System qualities and information qualities of FMIS associate with information uses. • FMIS facilitates information sharing and eases communication design limitations. • Information sharing enables to the managers’ efficient operational decision-making. • FMIS may lead to complex organizational structure through decentralization. Recently, the development of farm management information systems (FMIS) has increased. Although many argue that the use of FMIS can enhance decision making, we still do not fully understand the impact of these systems on the individual and farm levels. Thus, we conducted an eight-month investigation and in-depth interviews with one of the leading paddy rice farm practicing data-driven management with intensive using FMIS in Japan. This study found that information use varies across farming operations activities, and by managers and employees. In addition, the system quality and information quality of FMIS associate with information use. The use of FMIS and information facilitated members in sharing information formally and informally, thereby increasing decision making efficiency and informal mutual adjustment among employees. Likewise, the participative management of employees emerged. We then discuss how the FMIS-enabling information usage might facilitate the complex organizational structure.
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The External Control of Organizations as discussed by the authors explores how external constraints affect organizations and provides insights for designing and managing organizations to mitigate these constraints, and it is the fact of the organization's dependence on the environment that makes the external constraint and control of organizational behavior both possible and almost inevitable.
Abstract: Among the most widely cited books in the social sciences, The External Control of Organizations has long been required reading for any student of organization studies. The book, reissued on its 25th anniversary as part of the Stanford Business Classics series, includes a new preface written by Jeffrey Pfeffer, which examines the legacy of this influential work in current research and its relationship to other theories.The External Control of Organizations explores how external constraints affect organizations and provides insights for designing and managing organizations to mitigate these constraints. All organizations are dependent on the environment for their survival. As the authors contend, "it is the fact of the organization's dependence on the environment that makes the external constraint and control of organizational behavior both possible and almost inevitable." Organizations can either try to change their environments through political means or form interorganizational relationships to control or absorb uncertainty. This seminal book established the resource dependence approach that has informed so many other important organization theories.
13,195 citations
12,500 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1963
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of basic concepts in the Behavioral Theory of the Firm, and present a specific price and output model for a specific type of products. But they do not discuss the relationship between the two concepts.
Abstract: List of Tables and Figures. Acknowledgements. Preface to Second Edition. 1. Introduction. 2. Antecedents of the Behavioral Theory of the Firm. 3. Organizational Goals. 4. Organizational Expectations. 5. Organizational Choice. 6. A Specific Price and Output Model. 7. A Summary of Basic Concepts in the Behavioral Theory of the Firm. 8. Some Implications. 9. An Epilogue. Index.
8,897 citations