Outline of a Theory of Practice.
About: This article is published in Contemporary Sociology.The article was published on 1980-03-01. It has received 14683 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Practice theory.
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TL;DR: The concept of street literacy as mentioned in this paper is a conceptual framework that describes the dynamic processes of experiential knowledge production and self-construction in a specified context, public urban space.
Abstract: The exploration of young people's environmental transactions and their strategies for negotiating the urban environment on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, reveals the implications of the post-industrial landscapes of gentrification and disinvestment, informal economies, and current public policy and discourses for the public spaces adolescents traverse everyday and the private spaces of their mental lives. In order to explore young people's understanding of their neighbourhood, their experiences in it, and their construction of self, I have developed the concept of 'street literacy'. Street literacy is a conceptual framework that describes the dynamic processes of experiential knowledge production and self-construction in a specified context, public urban space. This paper, theorizes how the environment, and in particular, the street, is a significant context for learning. The discussion will report on findings from work with junior high school students and their final collaborative research enterprise,...
174 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the integration of cultural socialization and identity processes in learning as a goal of educational research is discussed, with the aim of improving educational outcomes for racial and ethnic minority youth and for youth facing persistent intergenerational poverty.
Abstract: We call for the integration of cultural socialization and identity processes in learning as a goal of educational research. Our aim is to improve educational outcomes for racial and ethnic minority youth and for youth facing persistent intergenerational poverty. This requires that educational researchers understand the cultural niches in which young people develop. We illustrate this claim through the lenses of the Cultural Modeling Framework and the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, using African-American youth as our case model. We demonstrate both the application of the framework and the theory in an educational intervention and posit implications for requirements to carry out such research.
173 citations
01 Aug 2010
173 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review contrasts structured questionnaire-based surveys with qualitative approaches to collecting social data, and clarifies contexts in which particular qualitative methods might be more effective when investigating human behaviour in conservation research.
Abstract: Conservation researchers are aware of the need to work with social sciences to manage human–wildlife interactions for better conservation outcomes, but extending natural science research approaches to a social science domain can compromise data quality and validity. As part of the interdisciplinary exchange between the natural and social sciences, this review contrasts structured questionnaire-based surveys with qualitative approaches to collecting social data, and clarifies contexts in which particular qualitative methods might be more effective when investigating human behaviour in conservation research. Although well-designed questionnaire-based surveys may be useful for population-level generalizations, complementary use of qualitative approaches can significantly enhance understanding of research context, underpinning formulation of representative sampling frames and pertinent research questions, and permitting greater accuracy in interpretation and analysis of data. Good qualitative data are necessary to an accurate understanding of categories, processes, relationships and perceptions, particularly critical in a cross-cultural context, significantly strengthening the internal validity of subsequent structured work. Furthermore, stand-alone qualitative research can also constitute a valuable and valid approach to matters critical to conservation research and to designing successful conservation initiatives, which cannot be effectively researched in any other way.
173 citations
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TL;DR: The authors examines five common misunderstandings about case-study research: theoretical knowledge is more valuable than practical knowledge, one cannot generalize from a single case, therefore, the single-case study cannot contribute to scientific development, the case study is most useful for generating hypotheses, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building, and it is often difficult to summarize specific case studies.
Abstract: This article examines five common misunderstandings about case-study research: (a) theoretical knowledge is more valuable than practical knowledge; (b) one cannot generalize from a single case, therefore, the single-case study cannot contribute to scientific development; (c) the case study is most useful for generating hypotheses, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building; (d) the case study contains a bias toward verification; and (e) it is often difficult to summarize specific case studies. This article explains and corrects these misunderstandings one by one and concludes with the Kuhnian insight that a scientific discipline without a large number of thoroughly executed case studies is a discipline without systematic production of exemplars, and a discipline without exemplars is an ineffective one. Social science may be strengthened by the execution of a greater number of good case studies.La version espanola de este articulo se puede encontrar en: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2278291Den danske version af denne artikel kan findes pa: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2278229Den Svenska versionen av denna artikel finns pa: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2278403Polska wersja tego artykulu znajduje sie tutaj: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2278318Listed as "Most Read" and "Most Cited" paper on the journal's home page.
173 citations